過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的語法總結(jié)
過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的語法總結(jié)
初中英語關(guān)于過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別語法的總結(jié)
下文是老師為同學(xué)們帶來的關(guān)于過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別介紹。供同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)參考。
過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別
1.一般過去時敘述舊事,過去進(jìn)行時描述背景。
。痢⒁话氵^去時
。保⿺⑹鲞^去狀態(tài)、動作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.(帶具體時間)
。玻┍硎具^去的習(xí)慣
a) would ,used to與過去時
would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣,常帶頻率時間
used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. (過去行為)
b) Would 用于文中不用于句首,只表過去習(xí)慣。
Used to 表今昔對比的含義,敘述習(xí)慣動作可與would 換用。
When he was a boy , he would often go there . (敘述過去)
She isn't what she used to be. (今昔對比)
c) 表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))
d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于,適應(yīng)于…..”
He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)
He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))
。常┍硎具^去的經(jīng)歷,平行動作,依此事件用一般過去時。
He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)
。矗┍硎究蜌馕竦恼Z氣,用于情態(tài)動詞,助動詞和want , wonder , hope 等
How did you like the film? / Could you help me?
B. 過去進(jìn)行時
。硎驹谶^去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生)
-短暫性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時表示按計劃、打算
During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)
-與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛,討厭等感情色彩。
He was always Changing his mind.
2、過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別
A. 進(jìn)行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。
I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完,“讀”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已讀完,表整個“讀”)
B、一般持續(xù)時間狀語多與進(jìn)行時連用
It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞,故也可使用)
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用,表反復(fù),連續(xù)發(fā)生,不可用一般過去時)
C、while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進(jìn)行時。
例:He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
D、While 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時,但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時,兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時,長的用進(jìn)行時。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
3、英語中有四類動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和過去進(jìn)行時)
1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞,如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等,若用進(jìn)行時則詞意改變。
I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )
2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞,如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等
3)表感覺的動詞,如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.
4)表一時性的動詞,如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。
5、例題
考題1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95)
A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell
C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell
分析 時間從句的動作長,而“入睡”動作短,故前者用過去進(jìn)行時,而較短動詞用一般過去時,選B
考題2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .
A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked
C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked
分析 此題先要理解好when ,表“此時”,說明主句中slipped是較短行為,而look是較長行為的片斷,即湯姆溜進(jìn)房子,此時沒人瞧見,故選A為正確。
對于他們的用法區(qū)別同學(xué)們懂了嗎你?如果還有不懂的話,可以參考哦!
初中英語語法大全:動詞的種類
關(guān)于英語中動詞的種類知識,希望同學(xué)們很好的掌握下面的內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)。
動詞的種類
動詞是表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞,按其詞義和在句子中的作用可分為行為動詞,連系動詞,助動詞和情態(tài)動詞。
1.行為動詞
行為動詞可分為及物動詞 (vt)和不及物動詞(vi),及物動詞表示動作或狀態(tài),有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,后跟賓語;不及物動詞表示動作或狀態(tài),有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,但后面不能直接跟賓語,如要帶賓語則與介詞或副詞構(gòu)成短語。
如:
More and more people study English.(vt)
The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)
2.連系動詞
連系動詞本身有一定的詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,必須與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。常用的連系動詞有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。
如:
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
It feels damp.
3.助動詞
助動詞本身無詞義,不能單獨作謂語,只能和主要動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語動詞,表示否定,疑問及動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)等語法特征,助動詞有 be,do,have,shall,will等。
如:
How do you usually come to school?
The children are playing yo-yo now.
4.情態(tài)動詞
情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的意義,但不能獨立作謂語,只能和主要動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語,表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。情態(tài)動詞有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。
如:
Can I help you?
- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .
a. can與be able to的用法有所區(qū)別。can只用于一般現(xiàn)在時和過去時,指本身有能力的"能";be able to用于各種時態(tài)均可,指須經(jīng)過努力而"能"。
b. must與have/has to的用法。must表示說話人主觀認(rèn)為"必須",只用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時;have/has to表示客觀需要,意為"不得不",它可用于各種時態(tài)。
c.need和dare既可作情態(tài)動詞也可作行為動詞。
以上對動詞的種類知識的內(nèi)容講解學(xué)習(xí),相信同學(xué)們已經(jīng)能很好的掌握了吧,希望同學(xué)們在考試中取得很好的成績。
初中英語語法大全:動詞不定式的形式
對于英語的學(xué)習(xí)中,關(guān)于動詞不定式的形式知識點的內(nèi)容,我們做下面的講解學(xué)習(xí)哦。
動詞不定式的形式
1.作主語。 如:
To learn English is very important.
但實際上不定式作主語常用 it來作形式主語,而將不定式移至謂語動詞后作真正的主語。
如上句可表達(dá)為:
It's very important to learn English.
2.作表語。 如:
My idea is to ring him up at once.
3.作賓語。 如:
I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.
4.作賓語補足語。
a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等動詞后面接動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.
b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等動詞后接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.
c. let, make, have這些使役動詞后接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。但在被動語態(tài)中這些不帶to的都須帶上to。
如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.
d.動詞help接動詞不定式作賓語補足語,可帶to也可不帶to。
如: Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?
5.作定語。
a.與被修飾詞有動賓關(guān)系。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式動詞為不及物動詞,后面的介詞千萬不要省略。
如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.
b.與被修飾詞有主謂關(guān)系。
如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.
c.與被修飾之間只有修飾關(guān)系。
如: I have no time to play cards.
6.作狀語,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、結(jié)果等。
如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.
7.不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)"for sb. to do sth" 作主語時,常用"It is +adj+ for
of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容詞good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,
right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."
其他形容詞用 for。
如:
It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.
It's very kind of you to help me.
8.動詞不定式與疑問句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等連用。
如: I don't know when to start.
He didn't tell me where to go.
但上面結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個從句,故上述句子也可表達(dá)為:
I don't know when we'll start.
He didn't tell me where he would go.
注意:
a.有些動詞或動詞短語不能帶不定式,只能接動詞的-ing形式。
如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(錯過),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。
如: The peasants are busy picking apples.
Would you mind my opening the door?
b.有些動詞后可接不定式,也可接動詞的-ing形式,但意思不同。
如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(該寄但還沒做)
Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已經(jīng)寄過信了)
They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)
They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)
希望上面對動詞不定式的形式知識的內(nèi)容講解學(xué)習(xí),同學(xué)們都能很好的掌握,相信同學(xué)們會取得很好的成績的哦。
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