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      2. 書面表達(dá)解題指導(dǎo)(人教版高考復(fù)習(xí)英語教案教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))

        發(fā)布時間:2016-11-1 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機(jī)版

        一、以形式主語it引導(dǎo)的句型。

        句型1. It happened(chanced)that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如:

        It happened that he was out when I got there. 當(dāng)我到那兒時,碰巧他不在。=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.

        句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如:(還有動詞appear可這樣使用)

        It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好像你以去過北京。=He seemed to have been Beijing before.

        句型3. It is / was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.如:

          It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回來我才睡覺。(一定要注意被強(qiáng)調(diào)句型謂語動詞否定的轉(zhuǎn)移,及形式)。

          It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因?yàn)樗胁×私裉鞗]有來上學(xué)。(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)

          It is I who am a student. 我確實(shí)是個學(xué)生。(句中am不能用are來代替。)

        句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主語+should do / did+其它。(注意從句中的謂語動詞用的是虛擬語氣)

          It is high time that we should go / went home.我們該回家了。

        句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)+that+從句. 如:

          It was said that he had read this novel.據(jù)說他讀過這篇小說。=He was said to have read this novel.

        句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(從句中的謂語用should+do / should have done,其形式是虛擬語氣。)如:

          It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他這次考試沒有及格。

        句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意從句中的謂語動詞用should do或should have done的形式,但should可以省略。)如:

          He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到電影結(jié)束才回來。他沒有看到這部電影真可惜。

        句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(從句的謂語動詞用should do, 但should可以省略。)如:

          It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建議推遲會議。

        句型9、It is/was+表示地點(diǎn)的名詞+where+從句。(注意本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而是以where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。)如:

         It was this house where I was born.請比較:It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。)

        句型10、It is / was +表示時間的名詞+when+從句。(注意本句型也不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而是以when引導(dǎo)的定語從句。)如:

          It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 請比較:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.

        句型11、It is well-known that+從句。如:

          It is well-known that she is a learned woman.眾所周知,她是個知識淵博的婦女。

        句型12、It is +段時間+since+主語+did. 請比較:

        It was +段時間+since+主語+had done. 如:

        It is five years since he left here.他已經(jīng)離開這兒五年了。

        It was five years since he left here.(同上)

        句型13、It +謂語+段時間+before+主語+謂語.( before引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句。) 如:

        It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.沒有多久那個國家的人民就起義了。

          It will be three hours before he comes back.三個小時之后他才能回來。

        句型14、It is +形容詞+for+ sb.+ to do. 如:

          It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。

        句型15、It is +(心理品質(zhì)方面的)形容詞+of + sb. +to do.=

        主語+ be +形容詞+to do.(常用的形容詞有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如:

          It is kind of you to help me.=Y(jié)ou are kind to help me.你真好給我提供了幫助。

        二、定語從句:

        句型16、由as引導(dǎo)的非限定性的定語從句。如:

          As we have known, he is a most good student.眾所周知,他是個很好的學(xué)生。請比較:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一個是定語從句,而后者是個主語從句。)

        句型17、由which引導(dǎo)的非限定性的定語從句。如:

          He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是個教授,那是我一直盼望的職業(yè)。(因?yàn)橄刃性~professor是表示職業(yè)的名詞,因此引導(dǎo)詞用which,而不用who。(注意:關(guān)于which和as之間的比較請看語法的定語從句部分。)

        句型18、由where, when引導(dǎo)的定語從句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:

          This is the house where I used to come.請比較:This is the house which / that I used to come to.

        This is the day when I joined the Party.請比較:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.

          說明:關(guān)于that與which之間的區(qū)別,請看語法中的定語從句。

        三、讓步狀語從句

        句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose+從句,+主句。注意從句中的時態(tài)一般情況用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如:

          No matter what you do, you must do it well.請比較:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 無論你做什么,一定要做好。

          No matter where you go, please let me know.請比較:Wherever you go, please let me know.你無論去哪兒,請通知我。

          說明:這兩種句型形式不同,而意義完全相同。

        注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever來代替。因?yàn)樗醋鲃釉~tell的賓語,又作后面從句的主語。

        四、條件狀語從句

        句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +從句,+主句。(從句也可以放在主句之后。)如:

          As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你給我一些錢,我就讓你走。

          Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你開始學(xué)習(xí)英語,你應(yīng)該把它學(xué)好。

        句型21、主句+on condition that+從句。如:

          I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的條件是你給我一些錢。

        句型22、主句+unless+從句.(注意:由于unless本身是否定詞,所引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞用肯定。)如:

          I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那兒除非下雨。

        句型23、祈使句,+and/ and then+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一個名詞短語。)如:

          Use your head, and you will find a good idea.動腦筋想一想,你就會想出一個好主意。

          Another word, and I will beat you.你再說一句,我就揍你。

        句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句。如:

          If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的話,我來做此事。

        五、原因狀語從句

        句型25、主句+in case+從句。(in case表示以免)如:

          I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣帶上以免下雨。

        句型26、主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +從句。如:

          He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了,所以沒有來上學(xué)。

        六、時間狀語從句

        句型27、When / While / As +從句,+主句。(關(guān)于它們之間的區(qū)別請看語法。)如:

          When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.當(dāng)我在農(nóng)村時,我常常給你打水。

        句型28、主句+after / before +從句. 如:

          They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.他們繪結(jié)婚不到四個月就離婚了。

          We went home after we had finished the work.我們做完此工作就回家了。

        句型29、主語+肯定謂語+until+從句(或時間).請比較:

        主語+否定謂語+until+從句。如:

          I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回來。

          I didn’t worked until he came back.他回來我才開始工作。

        句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +從句,+主句. 如:

          My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家,我父親就出去了。

        句型31、No sooner +had + 主語+done…than +主語+did. 請比較:

          主語+had + no sooner +done…than +主語+did. 如:

          No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就給你打電話了。

          I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.

        句型32、Hardly +had +主語+done…when / before + 主語+did.請比較:主語+had +hardly + done…when / before +主語+did.

        Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚飯就出去了。

          She had hardly had supper when she went out.

        句型33、By the time+從句,+主句.(注意時態(tài)的變化。)如:

          By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來時,我已經(jīng)寫完了這本書。

          By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回來時,我將寫完這本書。

        句型34、each / every time +從句,+主句. (這時相當(dāng)于whenever 或no matter when引導(dǎo)的從句。從句也可放在主句之后。)如:

          Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每當(dāng)他來哈爾濱,總是隨便來看看我。

        七、地點(diǎn)狀語從句

        句型35、Where +從句,+主句. 如:

          Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里沒有雨水,種莊稼是很難的或者是不可能的。

        句型36、Anywhere / wherever+從句,+主句. 如:

          Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.無論我去哪兒,我的妻子也去哪兒。

          I will go wherever you suggest.你建議我去哪兒,我就去哪兒。

        八、目的狀語從句

        句型37、主句+in order that / so that +從句.如:

          I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早,以便能趕上早班車。

        句型38、主句+for+sb. +to do.(注意動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在這兒作目的狀語。)如:

          He came here for me to work out this problem.他來這兒叫我?guī)退獬鲞@道難題。

        九、結(jié)果狀語從句

        句型39、主句+so that+從句. 如:

          It was very cold, so that the river froze.天氣很泠,因此河水結(jié)冰了。

        句型40、So+形容詞/ 副詞+特定動詞+主語+…+that+從句.

          So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.這本書那么有趣,我想再讀一遍。

        句型41、主語+謂語+such+名詞+that+從句.如:

          He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他進(jìn)步很快,老師表揚(yáng)了他。

        句型42、Such was + 主語+that +從句.(這是個完全倒裝句。)如:

          Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力這么大,所有的窗戶都被震碎了。

        十、比較狀語從句

        句型43、The +形容詞比較級……,(主句)the +形容詞比較級+……如:

          The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。

        句型44、主語+謂語+as +形容詞原級+as +被比較的對象. 如:

          He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。

        句型45、主語+謂語+the+形容詞比較級+of / between …

          He is the taller of the two.他們倆人中他高。

        句型46、主語+謂語+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級+as+被比較的對象.如:

          This room is three times as large as that one.這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。(這個房間比那個房間大兩倍。)

        句型47、主語+謂語+百分?jǐn)?shù)/倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級+than+被比較的對象.如:

        This city is twice larger than ours.這個城市比我們城市大兩倍。

          The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那個公社的早稻產(chǎn)量是2000年的兩倍。

        句型48、主語+謂語+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比較的對象.如:

          Our building is twice the height of yours.我們的大樓比你們的高兩倍。

        十一、其它句型

        句型49、It doesn’t matter wh-+從句。如:

          It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么與我無關(guān)。

          It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.你來不來無關(guān)緊要。

        句型50、形容詞/ 副詞 / 名詞(可數(shù)單數(shù))+as / though +主語+謂語,+主句.如:

          Young as he is, he knows a lot.雖然他很小,但他知道得很多。

        Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.雖然他學(xué)習(xí)很努力,這次考試他肯定不能及格。

          Child as he is, he knows a lot.雖然他是個孩子,但他懂得很多。

        句型51、Were / Should / Had +主語+謂語,+主句.如

          Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的話,昨天我就去那兒了。

        句型52、Only +狀語+特定動詞+主語+謂語…

          Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那種方式我才能做好此工作。

        Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因?yàn)樗胁×瞬艣]有來上學(xué)。

          Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那時,我才認(rèn)識到我錯了。

        句型53、Not only +特定動詞+主語+謂語…but also+主語+謂語…

          Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英語學(xué)得好,而且法語講得很流利。

        句型54、whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…

        句型55、主語+doubt+whether + 從句. 請比較:

          主語+特定否定詞+doubt+that+從句. 如:

          I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.我確信他下午一定能來。

        書面表達(dá)解題指導(dǎo)

        一、審題

        由于每年的高考書面表達(dá)均采用提示性寫作,故屬于控制性作文。它對寫作目的、對象、體裁、內(nèi)容等作了規(guī)定熕以,認(rèn)真審題,必須做好三方面的工作: 1.審文體;2.審要求;3.審人稱。

        1. 審文體

        寫作前,首先要弄清要求寫何種體裁的文章,然后再考慮語言、語氣的選用,是用口頭語還是用書面語。一般地,記敘文、說明文、議論文等多用書面語;而應(yīng)用文,如書信、口頭通知、便條、日記等多用口頭語。所以,動筆前,一定要審好文體。

        2. 審要求

        動筆前,花幾分鐘時間,弄清題目提示的內(nèi)容、要求(即注意事項(xiàng))、時間、環(huán)境是非常必要的。這樣可以避免出現(xiàn)文不對題的離題現(xiàn)象,也可避免因反復(fù)而造成時間上的浪費(fèi)。

        3. 審人稱

        審人稱,即弄清楚書面表達(dá)要求用何種人稱。如:2003年京皖蒙春季高考書面表達(dá)(寫書信)要求用第一人稱(we),有的同學(xué)卻用了第三人稱,以致白白失掉了許多分。又如:NMET2001書面表達(dá)亦要求用第一人稱來寫書信。因此,確立人稱是審題必不可少的工作之一。

        二、緊扣要點(diǎn)

        寫作時,一定要切題,抓住中心,緊扣要點(diǎn)。題目要求的內(nèi)容都應(yīng)該寫進(jìn)去,以保證內(nèi)容的完整!

        1. 列要點(diǎn)

        為了防止在寫作過程中遺漏要點(diǎn),情景中給出的各個要點(diǎn)都要逐條列出。給出漢語提示和要求的,要點(diǎn)可能容易找出;以圖畫(表)為內(nèi)容的提示,可能稍難確定,但只要充分發(fā)揮自己的觀察力,就能正確識圖(表)以確定正確的要點(diǎn)。其次,還須加上圖畫(表)以外的漢語提示要點(diǎn)。

        2. 緊扣要點(diǎn),連詞成句

        同學(xué)們應(yīng)根據(jù)內(nèi)容要求,確定句子的主語和謂語的形式來連詞成句。主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上要一致;要正確使用動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。力求正確地使用詞語以及地道、現(xiàn)成的英語句型。這就要求同學(xué)們平時要大量閱讀典型的范文和英語習(xí)作。

        3. 緊扣要點(diǎn),連句成篇

        首先,文章的組織包括敘述的順序、各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系、過渡詞的正確使用及格式的規(guī)范。

        敘述的順序一般是由總體到細(xì)節(jié)或按時間順序而定。格式的規(guī)范只要稍加注意形成習(xí)慣即可。為使文章主題突出、行文流暢、語言優(yōu)美,應(yīng)注意上下文邏輯關(guān)系的確定和過渡詞的適當(dāng)使用,這對提高整篇文章的檔次至關(guān)重要。為使文章連貫、自然、流暢,平時訓(xùn)練時,要注意運(yùn)用并掌握一些表示并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折等的過渡詞。

        其次,句子結(jié)構(gòu)的好壞直接影響意義的表達(dá)和文章的質(zhì)量。

        句子結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是要求學(xué)生用英文思維,排除中文的干擾。盡量使用簡單句,在有把握的情況下,可以使用一些結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子,如使用定語從句、狀語從句等。 如果遇到較難的詞匯,可采用變通的辦法化難為易,化繁為簡。有時也可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,增減相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。

        只要同學(xué)們平時多多練習(xí),并注意運(yùn)用上述方法和技巧,考試時就一定會寫出讓閱卷老師滿意的、高質(zhì)量的短文。

        英語作文的過程

          英語作文是英語綜合能力的運(yùn)用,寫作前學(xué) 生必須具有初步的寫作基礎(chǔ),如基本語法知 識,一定數(shù)量

        的詞匯和正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的 能力等。英語作文要求學(xué)生除了具備這些基 本能力外,還應(yīng)該了解作文的過

        程和方式。

           一、作文的過程 一般說來,作文的過程需經(jīng)過審題,收集材 料,列出提綱,擴(kuò)展成文,檢查修改和

        定稿 這幾個階段。

           1.審題 審題是作文的第一步,只有審清題意,才能 按照題意構(gòu)思具體內(nèi)容。 審題就是要把握住題

        目的中心和范圍,確定 文章的體裁,找出文章的主題。如果審題不 當(dāng)或?qū)︻}意理解不全面,就會偏題跑題

        ,甚 至文不對題。以致全功盡棄。 目前高考中常見的是引導(dǎo)式寫作題型。題中 的提示語是幫助理解題意

        的重要指導(dǎo),不能 逐字英譯,而要按照提示語的規(guī)定和暗示進(jìn) 行擴(kuò)展引伸,增添細(xì)節(jié),構(gòu)思具體內(nèi)容。

        另外,還應(yīng)注意作文要求限定的字?jǐn)?shù),做到 大致相當(dāng)。字?jǐn)?shù)太少,會辭不達(dá)意,言之無 物;字?jǐn)?shù)太多,表

        明文章不夠簡煉,或是把 不必要寫的東西寫了進(jìn)去。

           2.收集材料 題目審好后,就可根據(jù)題目規(guī)定的寫作對象 和內(nèi)容范圍進(jìn)行構(gòu)思和收集材料。構(gòu)思時要

        注意盡可能地抓住要點(diǎn),不要溢出題外。如 寫“Television”就不要把newspaper的內(nèi) 容也考慮進(jìn)去,寫

        “My School”,則不要把 my family也了拉扯進(jìn)去。在一篇字?jǐn)?shù)有限 的短文里,在收集材料,進(jìn)行構(gòu)思的

        階段更 應(yīng)該嚴(yán)密地防止出現(xiàn)離題偏題的現(xiàn)象。 在構(gòu)思的同時,我們最好能把可以想到的與 主題有關(guān)的素

        材記在紙上。譬如要寫一篇題 為“My Mother”的作文,我們可能會想到 以下的內(nèi)容。

           (1) Mother's name, age and appearance

           (2) Her personality

           (3) Her past and present

           (4) Her wish

           (5) She and my father

           (6) Her daily life and her attitude towards life

           (7) Her profession and her attitude towards her work

           (8) Good neighbourhood

           (9) Her kindnesses to her child and to the others

           (10) My deep love for her

          這些材料還需要加以選擇,將那些與主題無關(guān)或 關(guān)系不緊密的內(nèi)容刪去;對保留下來有用的素材 予以

        進(jìn)一步的整理與歸納,為列提綱作好準(zhǔn)備。

           3.列出提綱 把有關(guān)的材料整理好以后,我們就可以按照一定 的邏輯次序把它們組織起來,分別放進(jìn)

        確定的幾個段落中去,列提綱。如“My Mother”一文的 提綱可以被列成下面這種樣式:

           (1) Introduction-my mother is the loveliest person

           (2) About her age and appearance

           (3) Mother as an outstanding worker

           (4) Mother at home

           (5) Her relationship with other people

           (6) Conclusion-I am proud of my mother 如果文章較復(fù)雜,提綱還可以列得更細(xì),在每 個大標(biāo)題

        下面各還可以列出幾個小標(biāo)題。

           4.?dāng)U展成文 列好提綱后,我們就可以擴(kuò)充內(nèi)容,將提綱發(fā) 展成文章。動筆之前,應(yīng)先考慮好如何開

        頭, 如何發(fā)展,如何結(jié)尾。開頭和結(jié)束應(yīng)力求簡單 扼要,正文應(yīng)具體面充實(shí)地表現(xiàn)主題。臂如根 據(jù)上例

        中的提綱,我們就可以寫成下面這樣; 篇作文:

           My Mother

          My mother is the loveliest person in the world. She loves me very much and is always kind

        and gentle. She is now 44 years old. As she has been busy ever since she was young, she looks

        older than she really is. She is beginning to get wrinkles around her eyes and her black hair

        is going grey.

           My mother is an old outstanding worker in her factory. She often goes to work early and

        comes home late. She takes pains to do her work and achieves big successes at her ordinary

        post. Because of this, she is often praised as an advanced worker.

           My mother is also a good housekeeper. She saves every penny that she can and keep the

        house in good order. She is always busy with this or that, and nobody ever sees her idle. She

        has too much to do in bringing me up, yet she never makes a complaint.

           My mother is kind not only to her own child, but to all other people. She is warm-hearted

        and likes to help anyone who is in trouble. She takes delight in doing good deeds for the

        people. It is natural for her to get on well with all our neighbours. My mother is liked and

        respected by all woh know her. I always think how fortunate I am to have such a good mother.

           5.檢查修改和定稿 檢查修改是寫作的一個步驟,因此也是不可忽視 的。文章即使寫得很流暢完美,

        初稿中也難免會 有拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)方面的錯誤,因此寫好初稿后一定 要反復(fù)修改。 文章的修改可以從文章的

        文字規(guī)范和文章的結(jié)構(gòu) 商方面著手,下面列出的是文章檢查時所必須注 意的要點(diǎn):

          (1)句于和段落是否圍繞文章主題?

          (2)內(nèi)容和情景是否遺漏?

          (3)文章內(nèi)容的陳述與主張是否合乎邏輯情理?

          (4)是否為說明文章主題而列舉了一定的事實(shí)根 據(jù)?

          (5)文章內(nèi)容的層次是否有條理?是否還需要重新 組合?

          (6)段落的過渡轉(zhuǎn)換是否清楚自然?

          (7)文章是否羅嗦重復(fù)?句型是否單調(diào)呆板?

          (8)用詞是否準(zhǔn)確、豐富?

          (9)文章是否簡潔明晰?

          (10)句子是否缺少必要的成分?

          (11)主語和動詞是否配合恰當(dāng)?動詞和名詞有否漏掉“s”?

          (12)各句的時態(tài)是否保持一致?

          (13)在語態(tài)上,主動和被動是否有混淆?

          (14)單詞拼寫、大小寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)是否正確? 筆跡是否清楚? 在文章交出之前,不要放松任何修改的機(jī)會。

        經(jīng) 過多次完善修改,文章就可以定稿了。仔細(xì)抄寫 后,還要小心地重讀幾遍,看看有無誤抄之處

        如何增加書面表達(dá)醒目性

          近年來高考英語書面表達(dá)采用新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)閱卷,要求考生采用一些高級表達(dá)方式來增加文章對讀者的吸引力即醒目性,使文章具有一道道亮麗的風(fēng)景,具有較強(qiáng)的美感。本文擬就如何采用一些好學(xué)易用、即學(xué)即效的高級表達(dá)方式來增強(qiáng)文章的醒目性談?wù)勛约旱目捶,以期取得舉一反三、觸類旁通的效果。

          一、寫好開篇交待句和末尾總結(jié)句,增強(qiáng)文章的照應(yīng)性。

          照應(yīng)是增強(qiáng)文章可讀性的重要環(huán)節(jié),寫好開篇交待句和結(jié)尾總結(jié)句,做到首尾呼應(yīng),前后相連,可以大幅度增強(qiáng)文章的照應(yīng)性、邏輯性和可讀性。

          寫開篇交待句時因全文尚未鋪開,詳細(xì)內(nèi)容尚未介紹,因此可寫得籠統(tǒng)一些,但結(jié)尾總結(jié)句是在全文詳細(xì)內(nèi)容介紹后作出的總結(jié),應(yīng)更具體一點(diǎn)。

          如人物介紹式書面表達(dá)開篇交待句可籠統(tǒng)寫成:Li Ping is a middle school student.末尾總結(jié)句則應(yīng)較為詳細(xì)地寫成:Such is Li Ping,a clever and kind boy.單位介紹式書面表達(dá)開篇交待句可籠統(tǒng)寫成:Our school is a large one.末尾總結(jié)句應(yīng)較為詳細(xì)地寫成:Such is our school,a famous and successful one.

          二、寫好常識性語句,增強(qiáng)文章的連貫性。

          不少書面表達(dá)需要使用常識性語句,這些語句雖然原材料中沒有反映,但仍很重要,它們既是重要內(nèi)容,又起著承上啟下的作用,對增強(qiáng)文章的可讀性很有好處。如在寫通知時,結(jié)尾部分可使用常識性語句“Don't forget the time and address.”,“I'm sure you'll have a lot of fun.”或“I'm sure you'll have a pleasant time.”,“That's all,thank you.”;寫參觀歡迎詞時,開頭部分可使用常識性語句“You're welcome to visit our city.”,“Now,let me tell you something about our school.”或“Let me introduce something about our school to you.”,結(jié)尾部分可用“I'm sure you'll have a pleasant journey.”,“That's all,thank you.”;寫人物介紹和單位介紹時,開頭部分可使用常識性語句“Now,I 'd like to introduce something about our school /Li Ping to you.”,介紹結(jié)束時可用“That's all,thank you.”;寫信時可在結(jié)尾部分使用常識性語句“Please give my best regards /love /wishes to your parents.”或“Remember me to your parents!”,“I hope to hear from you soon.”或“Waiting for your early reply.”等。

          三、巧用過渡性詞匯,增強(qiáng)文章的邏輯性。

          為了增強(qiáng)文章的邏輯性,同學(xué)們應(yīng)學(xué)會使用過渡性詞匯,因?yàn)檫^渡性詞匯可使文章結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊,上下文更連貫,邏輯性、可讀性更強(qiáng)。同學(xué)們除了掌握足夠的表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的連詞之外,還應(yīng)特別注意使用表示因果關(guān)系的thanks to(多虧了),as a result(of)(結(jié)果),表示并列關(guān)系的as well(as)(和),表示對稱關(guān)系的on one hand...on the other hand(一方面,另一方面),表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的 what's more(更何況),what's worse或worse than all,worse than ever,worse still,to make the matter worse(更糟糕的是),以及過渡性插入語As we all know(眾所周知),As far as I know(就我所知的而言),I'm sure(我確信),I'm afraid(恐怕)。這些過渡性詞匯使用場合十分廣闊,使用前景十分看好,只要同學(xué)們掌握其使用特點(diǎn),并增強(qiáng)其使用意識,在絕大多數(shù)場合都可以有選擇性地將其派上用場,從而為增加書面表達(dá)得分起到立竿見影的作用。

          四、巧用高級語法,提高文章的表達(dá)檔次。

          高考英語書面表達(dá)最高要求就是要求考生用一些高級語法來提高文章的檔次,提升文章的品位。當(dāng)然,高考英語書面表達(dá)還不算是完整的文章,還只是寫作片段,不需要同學(xué)們挖空心思,一味追求新、奇、難的語法。同學(xué)們應(yīng)掌握一些表達(dá)效果好、使用場合廣、操作簡便易行的較高級語法,如現(xiàn)在分詞作句首狀語或句末狀語,強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、with復(fù)合賓語句型、such as列舉句型、Such be總結(jié)句型等。這些句型相對簡單易學(xué),表達(dá)效果也不錯,更重要的是,只要同學(xué)們掌握其用法特點(diǎn),并有意識地加以使用,高考一定能巧妙地將其派上用場并為文章增添風(fēng)采。下面介紹一下這些高級語法的使用特點(diǎn)。

          1、現(xiàn)在分詞作句首狀語或句末狀語往往用在描繪性文字中,可以使被描繪的內(nèi)容顯得更為形象、生動。

          Seeing a yellow car drive up Third Street,I made a right turn into Park Road.(NMET2000 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句成功運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作句首狀語,生動形象地表達(dá)了我一見到黃色小汽車便立即向右拐的應(yīng)急情景。

          I don't know about others,but I used to work even at weekends,doing endless homework and attending classes as well.(NMET2000 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句巧妙運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作句末狀語,生動形象地表明過去我因?qū)W業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)過重而感到苦不堪言。

          2、Itis/was+...who/that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,適用于強(qiáng)調(diào)原句的主語、賓語、時間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語,該句型情感色彩濃厚,表達(dá)效果好,而且好學(xué)易用。

          It is English and computer classes that I like best.(NMET96 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句出色運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,表達(dá)了我對英語和電腦特別喜歡的愉快之情,使文章上升了一個檔次。

          3、感嘆句可以抒發(fā)內(nèi)心強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩,適當(dāng)運(yùn)用感嘆句可以有效增強(qiáng)文章的情感性、感染性和感召性,從而震撼讀者內(nèi)心,引起讀者共鳴。

          感嘆句比較適合用于對人物或單位介紹結(jié)束后,情不自禁地對被介紹對象加以贊揚(yáng)。

          How time flies。∟MET98 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句巧妙運(yùn)用了感嘆句,表達(dá)了對時間飛逝的遺憾之情。

          4、with +名詞+復(fù)合賓語句型的恰當(dāng)使用也可以增加被描繪內(nèi)容的生動性和趣味性,從而增強(qiáng)文章的感染性,該句型適合對細(xì)節(jié)性動作進(jìn)行描繪。

          My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.(NMET97 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句巧用了“with +名詞+復(fù)合賓語”句型作伴隨狀語,形象地描繪了我兄弟載我騎車時的“瀟灑”姿態(tài),暗示著他這次違章載人難逃警察的干預(yù)。

          5、such as列舉句型是使用場合最廣的句型,該句型結(jié)構(gòu)精巧,對稱協(xié)調(diào),是一個難得的好句型,而且只要有強(qiáng)烈的使用意識,同學(xué)們在絕大多數(shù)高考中都可讓其一展風(fēng)采。

          不過such as句型的技術(shù)含量高,一定要稔熟其用法。such as列舉句型往往用來強(qiáng)調(diào)人或物的個數(shù)多,需要不完全列舉所有事例。該句型使用時前邊先用一個總述句說明人或物的個數(shù)多,后邊列舉二至五個不等的并列成分,這些并列成分應(yīng)短小精煉,對稱協(xié)調(diào),通常為一個詞或一個短語,而不能為一個句子。

          I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer.(NMET96書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句用such as列舉句型說明了我的學(xué)習(xí)科目很多,而且結(jié)構(gòu)巧妙,對稱和諧。

          I can follow my own interests such as reading books,visiting museums and taking computer lessons.(NMET2001 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

        析:該句巧妙運(yùn)用了such as列舉句型,結(jié)構(gòu)精巧工整,意義明確協(xié)調(diào),堪稱上乘佳句。

          6、Such be總結(jié)句型適合使用于人物/單位介紹式書面表達(dá)的末尾對人物或單位進(jìn)行總結(jié),只要做有心人,在高考中使用該句型的可能性也是很大的。

          Such be后邊需接名詞,名詞后邊需接同位語,同位語和被修飾名詞之間常用逗號隔開。

          Such is Sun Shuwei,a hardworking and successful diving star.(MET91 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          Such is our present life,a happy and colorful one.(NMET2001 書面表達(dá)參考范文片段)

          析:該句巧用了Such be總結(jié)句型,表達(dá)了減負(fù)后學(xué)校生活的重大變化,使讀者對減負(fù)給學(xué)校生活帶來的變化有了一個更全面、更準(zhǔn)確的了解。

        寫作:結(jié)構(gòu)需嚴(yán)密 行文要連貫

        雖然這篇文章是針對02年高考的,但對于寫作也有很大的幫助.

         日前,教育部考試中心公布了《2002年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試說明》。從英語學(xué)科來看,今年的《考試說明》與2001年相比,在命題原則、考試內(nèi)容、考試題型、分值分配等方面基本沒有大的變化,體現(xiàn)了高考命題的穩(wěn)定性和連續(xù)性。

          有關(guān)寫作,我們首先看一看2000年和2001年高考中的兩篇滿分作文。

          Sample WritingI(2000)

        ①At 7:15 a.m. on the morning of Feb.8th,2000,I was heading east on the south side of the Park Road,taking my morning walk as usual.②I saw an old man on the other side of the road outside the gate of the City Park.③He was just crossing the street when a car on the 3rd Street made a sudden right turn at the crossing.④The car was so fast that the old man even didnt have time to dodge and the car hit the elderly hard.⑤I thought the driver would have stopped to help,but she didn't.⑥Instead,she just drove off,leaving the old man still lying on the ground in pain.⑦Fortunately,I noted down the details:it was a yellow car,the plate number of which was AC864,and the driver was a young lady.⑧After that,I went over to check out the old man.(30分)

          Sample Writing II(2001)

        ①I'm very pleased to tell you the change s of my life since reduction of learning load was brought in.②But before that,I was often exhausted at weekends.③I attended school and had classes the whole day.④In the evening,I was often forced to do my boring homework and I could not go to bed until 11:30.⑤Since the program of reducing learning load was introduced,my life,however,has been much more interesting.⑥I frequently pay a visit to museums,drop in at computer rooms and draw pictures in my leisure(=spare)time.⑦After lunch,I watch TV,read stories and look through newspapers to enrich my horizon.⑧No longer do I stay up;on the contrary,I go to bed at about 10p.m.⑨Inshort,I am quite satisfied with my life now.(25分)

          上面兩篇文章都有一些共同的特點(diǎn):內(nèi)容充實(shí),要點(diǎn)全面;語言豐富,文字優(yōu)美;行文連貫,思路清晰,過渡自然,均為滿分作文。我們認(rèn)為,考生要想在高考寫作中取得理想的分?jǐn)?shù),必須明確高考寫作考查的形式。

          本人曾參加過2000年和2001年高考北京地區(qū)英語閱卷工作。從閱卷的情況來看,老師們更多地是從整體上或者說從宏觀上把握整篇文章,比較側(cè)重于語言文字的運(yùn)用,但是這并不意味著考生要刻意去寫一些花哨的東西。要在寫作中獲取一個比較理想的分?jǐn)?shù),考生應(yīng)該從以下幾個方面入手:

          首先,考生要明確考試的寫作要求,主要是說明文字型、圖表型和圖畫型三種類型,對寫什么(作文內(nèi)容或要點(diǎn)),怎么寫(行文和語言)在頭腦里面應(yīng)該有一個清醒的思路。從閱卷的情況來看,很多考生沒有認(rèn)真思考,動筆就寫,在寫作的過程當(dāng)中或者在檢查的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)一些錯誤,不得不進(jìn)行修改,由于考試時不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液和膠條,致使卷面多處用圓珠筆或鋼筆涂改,嚴(yán)重影響卷面整潔,也影響了考生的實(shí)際成績。

          其次,考生應(yīng)該從遣詞造句角度多下工夫。詞法上,要盡可能地運(yùn)用已經(jīng)學(xué)過的而且比較熟練的詞組、短語或成語,要在使用動詞、非謂語動詞、副詞和詞語活用等方面多用筆墨;句法句式上,要求變換各種句式,如強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、感嘆句、省略句、各種從句和固定句型等,長句和短句交錯使用。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,考生務(wù)必確保在沒有錯誤的前提下作一些適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

          第三,行文連貫是閱卷教師比較看重的一個方面。為了使文章在整體上結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密,渾然一體,增強(qiáng)文章的說服力和感染力,考生應(yīng)該在句子與句子之間,甚至段落與段落之間,恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡恍┻^渡性詞語。

          另外,考生很容易犯的一個錯誤是,在寫出若干個句子以后不使用連接詞或連詞,出現(xiàn)“run-onsentence”(連續(xù)句)現(xiàn)象,這是英語寫作的大忌?忌欢ㄒ斡,在英語書面表達(dá)中一定要用一個連詞或連接詞連接兩個句子(當(dāng)然,有時用一個分號要連接兩個句子),兩個連詞連接三個句子,三個連詞連接四個句子,依次類推。

          在交卷前,考生務(wù)必將寫完的作文閱讀兩遍,認(rèn)真檢查是否有語法和拼寫方面的錯誤,是否有動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)方面的錯誤,是否有中式英語等等,因?yàn)樯鲜鋈魏五e誤都會影響考生的最后成績。

        高考名師談外語作文題如何得高分

        六年的高考書面表達(dá)題予以重溫,進(jìn)行熱身賽?忌跓嵘砭毩(xí)中應(yīng)注意以下四點(diǎn):

          1、學(xué)會審題。首先要明確文體:書信、自薦信、日記、通知(書面或口頭)、報告、報導(dǎo)、講演稿、歡迎辭等。其次要明確話題,找出中心思想和重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,力求切中題意。

          2、注意劃線、標(biāo)出要點(diǎn)。如果是提綱或表格形式,則應(yīng)在要點(diǎn)下劃線,做適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)記。如果是圖畫,則可直接在圖畫旁邊標(biāo)出簡短的詞語和短句。這樣實(shí)際上已經(jīng)打下一個簡單的草稿了。

          3、整理思路。首先要將考題所給的信息加以整理:是按時間順序還是按空間順序?是否需要分段?是用第一人稱還是第二人稱?是用什么時態(tài)和語態(tài)?其次要理清思路:是在何處運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接成分使整個語篇更加連貫?是在何處運(yùn)用從句、分詞、不定式、動名詞等手段使某個句子增添華彩?

          4、注意表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確、得體。書寫清晰,標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確,力求不在卷宗面上涂改。如果某個詞語想不出來(或用英語表達(dá)不得體),應(yīng)想法換一種說法或變成一個句子去寫。考生一般不必去數(shù)詞數(shù),但在估計(jì)上力爭突破100詞,寧可長一點(diǎn)。寫完全文之后應(yīng)注意檢查,就像做“改錯”一樣,糾正必改的錯誤(但要注意卷面整潔)。

           下面是NMET2001書面表達(dá)題:假設(shè)你是李華,你澳大利亞朋友Dick聽說中國的中小學(xué)生正在減輕學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān),來信詢問有關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)下表提供的信息,寫一封回信,談一談減負(fù)給你的學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的變化。周末活動(減負(fù)前)周末活動(減負(fù)后)白天:上課、做作業(yè)參觀博物館、學(xué)習(xí)電腦、繪畫晚上:做作業(yè)看新聞讀書看報就寢時間:11:30就寢時間:10:00 

          審題:文體是書信;話題是“減負(fù)”。思路:八個句子。

          參考答案和寫法點(diǎn)評:

          第一句:You want to know what is going on in schools in china?對應(yīng)對方的詢問,運(yùn)用一般陳述句式的疑問句。

          第二句:In short,things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learningload.總括減負(fù)帶來的變化,短語call on運(yùn)用得體。

          第三句:I don`t know about others,but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.說白天減負(fù)前的情況,句末as well用得語言很嫻熟。

          第四句:Now I have more free time.可起到承上啟下的作用。

          第五句:I can follow my own in terests such as reading books,visiting museums,and taking computer lessons.

          第六句:In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read news papers.晚上減負(fù)后的情況,省略減負(fù)前的“做作業(yè)”的內(nèi)容。

          第七句:What`s more,I can go to bed earlier.體現(xiàn)概括能力。避免重復(fù)介紹兩個就寢時間。

          第八句:As far as I know,everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.總結(jié)全文。As far as I know表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。

        怎樣寫好英文日記

        英文日記是中學(xué)英語書面表達(dá)的重要內(nèi)容,也是高考的重要考點(diǎn),寫好英文日記應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):

        一、熟悉具有自我特色的語言語法規(guī)律,提高表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性。

        因?yàn)橛⑽娜沼浻浭霎?dāng)天已發(fā)生的事情,因此在時態(tài)上體現(xiàn)一般過去時的特點(diǎn),根據(jù)實(shí)際需要有可能個別句子使用過去進(jìn)行時,同學(xué)們一定要熟悉這一時態(tài)特點(diǎn),將一般過去時的時態(tài)落實(shí)到所適應(yīng)的每個句子中去。但是日記的最后有可能交待寫日記時的感受,可用一般現(xiàn)在時,如日記末尾常出現(xiàn)Now I feel very glad because I have done a good deed.之類的句子,不過該內(nèi)容也可理解為所述事件發(fā)生時的感受,從而表達(dá)為:At that time I felt very glad because I had done a good deed.這兩句中的時間狀語Now和At that time表明兩句所用時態(tài)是完全正確的。

        日記多記述當(dāng)天發(fā)生的有意義的事件,因此?墒褂靡恍┚哂凶晕姨厣膯卧~、短語和句型,如:hold(舉行)、attend(參加)、be present at(出席)、be divided into a few groups to have a discussion(分組討論)、on one's way to(在某人去某地途中)、happen to(事件發(fā)生在……身上)、cross the street(過街)、help sb.to do sth.(幫助某人做某事)、be thankful to sb.或 express one's thanks to sb.for sth.或thank sb.for sth.(因某事對某人表示感激)、be late for(遲到)、do a good deed(做一件好事)等。同學(xué)們一定要熟悉這些顯示英文日記自我特色的單詞、短語和句型,并將這些單詞、短語和句型稔熟于心,同時還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)使用意識,確保在適當(dāng)場合有選擇地加以運(yùn)用。

        二、寫好具有自我特色的開篇交待句和末尾總結(jié)句,提高文章的照應(yīng)性。

        英文日記往往記述一件特別有意義的事件,因此開篇交待句可簡單介紹一下這一事件,如:Today I visited a farm.(NMET98書面表達(dá)參考答案開篇交待句)英文日記也可以記敘重大節(jié)日的活動,因此其開篇交待句可簡單介紹一下這一節(jié)日,如:It is Tree Planting Day today.英文日記的末尾總結(jié)句往往交待從所述活動中獲得的收獲,其末尾總結(jié)句往往簡單介紹這一收獲,如:Today Ifeel very glad because Ihave learned a lot from the visit.I feel very glad now because this activity benefits me very much.I decide to do more good deeds for people.

        三、寫好具有自我特色的過渡性詞匯,增強(qiáng)文章的邏輯性。

        不少同學(xué)寫英文日記時,只重事件的表達(dá),而忽略語句的連貫,他們往往記不得使用或不會使用具有自我特色的過渡性詞匯,結(jié)果寫出來的文章缺乏連貫性和邏輯性,影響了文章的可讀性。顯然,同學(xué)們應(yīng)學(xué)會使用過渡性詞匯。英文日記以記述事件過程為主,因此往往以時間為寫作線索,所以同學(xué)們應(yīng)著重使用表時間的過渡性詞匯,如first,then,at last/finally;at that time,now;in the morning,at noon,in the afternoon等;介紹在某一地點(diǎn)從事某活動而交待位置變化時,同學(xué)們應(yīng)著重使用表地點(diǎn)的過渡性詞匯,如:here /there,on either /every side of或on both /all sides of,on the one side,on the other side。

        四、大膽使用高級表達(dá)方式,提高文章的醒目性。

        不少同學(xué)寫英文日記時句式單調(diào),枯燥乏味,缺乏美感,缺乏醒目性。顯然,為提高書面表達(dá)醒目性,同學(xué)們應(yīng)大膽使用一些常見但較高級的表達(dá)方式。同學(xué)們可使用感嘆句,如:Whatan interesting and instructive day today!同學(xué)們也可使用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),如:I rode my bike across the street with my brother sitting on the back.同學(xué)們還可使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,如:It was early in the morning that we started.

        英語寫作20字訣

        Twenty-word formula (英語寫作20字訣)

        Agreement: 主語和謂語在人稱、數(shù)上的一致,關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致。

        Ambiguity: 盡量不去使用可能引起歧義的詞語或句子。

        Brief: 文章"簡為貴",要抓住要點(diǎn),簡明扼要。

        Coherence: 文理通順,前后連貫。

        Development: 主題的發(fā)揮應(yīng)當(dāng)充分、合理、正確。

        Division: 詞匯、句子、段落要分配使用得當(dāng),劃分要清楚,避免使用重復(fù)字句和種子片段。

        Figures: 正確合理使用各類修辭格式。

        Inflated diction: 不使用做作的語言。

        Key: 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)鍵詞突出主題,每段都應(yīng)有主題句。

        Logical: 內(nèi)容要符合邏輯。

        Message: 信息要新鮮、確實(shí)、可信。

        Omit: 合理刪除多余的不必要部分。

        Proposition: 主張、觀點(diǎn)、論述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

        Punctuation: 正確適時使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。

        Relevant: 文章一定要要題。

        Sentence pattern: 句型要盡量多樣化。

        Strait: 開門見山,直來直去。

        Style: 文體恰切,適合內(nèi)容要求。

        Tense: 動詞時態(tài)要正確、一致、變化合理。

        Theme: 選題得當(dāng),主題突出。

        高考書面表達(dá)常見錯誤范例點(diǎn)擊

         高考書面表達(dá)題的目的是為了測試考生的英語表達(dá)能力,看其是否能夠運(yùn)用學(xué)過的英語知識和掌握的技能進(jìn)行書面思想交流。從近年高考英語試題來看,書面表達(dá)為"情景作文"、 "控制作文"或指導(dǎo)性寫作,即根據(jù)所給情景和提示(包括圖畫、圖表、提綱和短文)寫一篇 100字左右的短文,內(nèi)容涉及一般人際交往和日常生活,體裁通常為書信、日記、通知、簡介和描述故事等。

          "書面表達(dá)"不同于普通作文,無須在審題、立意、選材乃至布局謀篇,譴詞造句上醞釀、斟酌。它只要求根據(jù)題中的漢語提示或說明來確定體裁,然后用自己最熟悉,最有把握的詞語和句型將題中所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)加以表達(dá),進(jìn)而串聯(lián)成文。其次,"書面表達(dá)"又不同于翻譯。也就是說,不能簡單地將漢語提示逐句譯成英語。在具體寫作過程中,要做到內(nèi)容切題、文理通順、語言準(zhǔn)確。

          要求是多方面的,歸納起來,要注意以下幾點(diǎn):

        (1)認(rèn)真審題,確定體裁,明確表達(dá)要點(diǎn);

        (2)緊緊圍繞內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)表達(dá),既不添枝加葉,又不遺漏要點(diǎn);

        (3)譴詞造句必須符合語言規(guī)范,切忌硬譯、亂譯、避免中文式的英語,或根據(jù)語法編造一些不地道的語言;(4)揚(yáng)長避短,注意語言的靈活運(yùn)用;

        (5)正確使用時態(tài)、語態(tài)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和字母的大小寫,注意主謂一致和單詞拼寫的準(zhǔn)確性。

        (6)力求做到內(nèi)容完整、文字通達(dá)、書寫規(guī)范、條理清楚、卷面整潔、篇幅適中。

        【范例點(diǎn)擊】

        (一) (NMET2001)

          假設(shè)你是李華,你的澳大利亞朋友Dick聽說中國的中小學(xué)正在減輕學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān),來信詢問有關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)下表提供的信息,寫一封回信,談一談減負(fù)給你的學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的變化。

          注意:

          1.詞數(shù)100左右;

          2.開頭已為你寫好。

          生詞:減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)-reduce learning load

        (學(xué)生習(xí)作)

        Dear Dick:

          How nice to hear from you again. You want ① know what is going on in schools in China? In short, things have begun to improve ② when schools were called on to reduce learning load. I don't know about ③ the others, but I used to have to work even at ④ weekend doing endless homework and attending classes as well. Now I have free time. I can follow my own ⑤ interest such as reading books, visiting museums, and taking computer lessons. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What's more, I can go to bed earlier.

          As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.

          Best wishes

        Yours,

                                   Li Hua

        [修改與點(diǎn)擊]

        ①修改鴚ant后加to。

        【點(diǎn)擊】want后不能直接跟動詞原形作其賓語,應(yīng)接帶to的動詞不定式。本句還可以這樣表達(dá):Would you like to know what is going on in schools in China? You want to know something about our studies in schools in our country?

        ②修改將when改為since。

        【點(diǎn)擊】這是現(xiàn)在完成時中很常用的一個句型。

        類似的說法還有:

        Great changes have taken place in our studies since schools were called on to reduce learning load. Things have been quite different in our studies since our schools were demanded to reduce learning load.

        ③修改去掉the。

        【點(diǎn)擊】others在表示泛指時,其前通常不用冠詞。

        ④饜薷磨將weekend改為weekends。

        【點(diǎn)擊】本句應(yīng)指多個周末。這一句還可以這樣表達(dá):

        Before reducing learning load,I had to not only do a lot of homework but also attend classes at weekends. Only after calling on to reduce learning load can we have our own weekends, because we had endless homework to do and many different classes to attend at weekends before that.

        ⑤修改將interest改為interests。

        【點(diǎn)擊】本句應(yīng)指多種興趣。

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