一、單元考點(diǎn)提示
1.單詞
by sea relate to share(v.) mark with long before turn to apart from tour (be)busy with ( be)determined to do sth. disobey key figure in peace oppose think up take up arms work on keep one’s promise with the purpose of
2.句型
You’d better(not)… Let’s …
You need to… What/How about…？
（I think）you should/ought to…
Shall we…？
I suggest（that）you…
Why not…？ Why don’t you…？
I will…
I have decided to /that…
I have (not)decided wh-clause / wh-word to…
I insist on /that…
3.語法
復(fù)習(xí)句子成分--賓語
復(fù)習(xí)句子成份--賓語補(bǔ)足語
二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展
1.settle vt.定居，解決（事端，矛盾等）安排，決定
We have settled a party on Wednesday evening.
星期三晚上我們安排了一次聚會(huì)。
This medicine should settle your nerves.
這種藥會(huì)使你鎮(zhèn)靜下來。
They settled their quarrel in a friendly way.
他們用一種友好的方法解決了爭(zhēng)端。
2.make up 創(chuàng)造，編造，彌補(bǔ)，化妝，構(gòu)成，占有
John made up that joke about the talking dog.
約翰編了一個(gè)會(huì)講話的狗的笑話。
The number of the college students in the country makes up only 1%of the population.
這個(gè)國家的大學(xué)生的數(shù)量僅占人口的百分之一。
I have to make up the test I missed last week.
我上周沒考試，我必須補(bǔ)考。
John and Tom quarreled, but make up after a while.
約翰和湯姆吵架了，但一會(huì)兒就和好了。
由make構(gòu)成的其他短語：
make sense有意義 make faces/a face做鬼臉
be made of /from由……制成 be made into把……制成……
make it成功，達(dá)到目的 make out理解；勉強(qiáng)分辨出
make up one’s mind下定決心
3.keep…alive使……繼續(xù)有效存在/進(jìn)行
We must keep the good revolutionary traditions alive.
我們必須把好的革命傳統(tǒng)流傳下去。
How can we keep the fish alive?我們?nèi)绾问刽~活首？
拓展：keep+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(v.-ing/v. –ed/adj. / adv. / prep. phr)
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting all the afternoon.
很抱歉讓你等了一下午。
Keeping the door and windows closed all the time is not good for your health.
總是關(guān)著門窗對(duì)健康不利。
用keep構(gòu)成的常用短語：
keep an eye on 留神照看 keep body and soul together勉強(qiáng)生活
keep in touch with與……保持聯(lián)系
keep time/regular hours守時(shí)（有規(guī)律）
4.be of +adj. +抽象名詞表性質(zhì)、特征，其作用相當(dāng)于be + adj.
常用抽象名詞：use, value, interest, importance, education, quality等
This book is of no use( / useless).
這本書沒多大用處。
The young man is of good education( / well educated).
這位青年人受過良好的教育。
Customers don’t show any interest in goods that are of poor quality.
這位顧客對(duì)劣質(zhì)的商品不感興趣。
對(duì)比：be + of +具體名詞 表類屬，常用名詞：size, colour, age, shape等。
The two children are of an age / the same age.(= This child is as old as that one.)
這兩個(gè)孩子同歲。
All of these rooms are of a size.
所有的這些房子一樣大。
5.be related(to)和……有聯(lián)系，和……有關(guān)
The Dutch language is closely related to German.
荷蘭語和德語密切相關(guān)。
They are related to me by marriage.
靠婚姻關(guān)系他們和我有了聯(lián)系。
拓展：n. relation
(1)[u]關(guān)系，聯(lián)系（有時(shí)可加不定冠詞）
Doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.
醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為肺癌與吸煙有關(guān)。
(2)（復(fù)數(shù)）（人與人或國家與國家之間的相互）關(guān)系
I have had business relations with h im. 我和他已有業(yè)務(wù)聯(lián)系。
(3)[c]親戚，表示特別親密的、友好的關(guān)系（relative親戚，單純的親戚關(guān)系；在法律上通用。在一般情況下多用relative）
My immediate relations are my parents.我的直系親屬是父母。
6.out of work失業(yè)
He was been out of work for over three months.
他已失業(yè)三個(gè)月了。
In recent years there has been an increase in the number of people out of work in that country.
近幾年那個(gè)國家的失業(yè)人數(shù)在增長。
拓展：be out of work = lose one’s work失業(yè)be in work在業(yè)，有工作
7.apart from(= besides/in addition to)除……之外（表示加上，否定句中與except通用）
The children hardly see anyone apart from their parents.
除父母外，孩子們幾乎看不到其他任何人。
Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.
除了他們，沒有人和我談話。
Apart from the price, the hat doesn’t suit me.
除了價(jià)格，這項(xiàng)帽子也不適合我戴。
對(duì)比：
except：將一個(gè)或幾個(gè)人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外（表示減法），其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式（短語）或wh-從句。
except for：說明整個(gè)基本情況后，對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正，其后一般接名詞。
except that：用來表示理由后細(xì)節(jié)，修正前面所說的情況，其后須接從句，可以與except for互換。
except when：除了……的時(shí)候
Everybody except John was able to answer it.
除約翰外每個(gè)人都能回答。
Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
( = Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.)
你的作文很好，只是有幾處拼寫錯(cuò)誤。
I know nothing about him except that he comes from Africa.
除了他來自非洲之外我對(duì)他一無所知。
He goes to work every day except when he is ill.
除了生命以外他每天都去上班。
8.由way構(gòu)成的短語
way of life生活方式 all the way一路上，自始至終
any way無論如何
by the way 順便說 bay way of 通過……經(jīng)由
ways and means辦法
get in one’s way 妨礙 in a (one)way在某種程度上
in no way決不
lose one’s way迷路 way through 克服困難的途徑
under way在進(jìn)行中
way out出路 ways out of （擺脫困境等）的方法
on one’s way to在去……的途中
feel one’s way摸黑走，謹(jǐn)慎行事 make one’s own way取得成功，發(fā)跡
e.g. Tom will get used to the way of life in the U.S.A. soon.
湯姆很快就會(huì)習(xí)慣美國的生活方式的。
9.key figure關(guān)鍵人物
figure 指有影響力的人物。key原意為鑰匙，在此詞組中作定語，可譯作“關(guān)鍵的”。
figure 的復(fù)數(shù)形式是figures.
Public figures there welcomed the statement.
那里的公眾人物們都?xì)g迎這個(gè)聲明。
He became one of the leading figures in the country.
他成為這個(gè)國家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一。
10.govern統(tǒng)治、管理，控制，左右，影響
He was unable to govern his temper.
他控制不住自己的脾氣。
Don’t be governed by what other people say.
不要被別人的話所左右。
The rise and fall of the sea is governed by the movements of the moon.
海水的潮起潮落是受月球運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響。
11.on / upon(one’s )n./v.-ing一……就……
On his return to the lab, he set to work.
他一回到實(shí)驗(yàn)室，就開始工作。
On arriving in Paris, he was put into prison.
他一到巴黎就被捕入獄。
The students stood up on the entrance of the headmaster.
校長進(jìn)來時(shí)，學(xué)生們都起立。
12.play an important role in 在……方面起重要作用
Such strikes have played an important role in the development of the trade union movement.
此類罷工事件在工會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展中起了重要的作用。
For twenty years, Gandhi played an important role in working for equal right for Indians.
二十年里，甘地在為印度人爭(zhēng)取平等的權(quán)利的工作中起重要的作用。
同義詞組：play a part in…/play an important part in…
13.design
（1）v.目的是，打算給……用
The laws were designed to make life difficult for non-whites.
制定這些法律的目的在于使非白人的生活變得困難。
The room was designed for children.
這個(gè)房間打算給孩子們用。
The road was not designed for heavy trucks.
這條馬路不是為重型卡車設(shè)計(jì)的。
(2) n.圖案設(shè)計(jì)
The building is poor in design.這幢樓設(shè)計(jì)很差。
14.in prison([u])監(jiān)禁之中，prison 前不加冠詞，表示被監(jiān)禁的狀態(tài)
He has been in prison for three years.
他已坐牢三年了。
Law-breakers are put in prison.
犯法者被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。
對(duì)比：go to prison坐牢 break(out of )prison越獄
cast…into prison(put…in/into prison)把……關(guān)進(jìn)牢里（表動(dòng)作）
類似短語：in school/go to school 求學(xué) in hospital/go to hospital住院/去看病
15.march v./n. 游行示威，行進(jìn)，行軍
She was very angry and marched out. 她很生氣，大步從屋里走了出去。
The soldiers marched on after a short rest.
短暫的休息之后，戰(zhàn)士們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。
短語：a hunger march反饑餓游行 a forced march強(qiáng)行軍
on the march在行進(jìn)中 a long and difficult march一次長距離的艱難行軍
steal a march on/ upon(口語)偷襲（尤指以不正當(dāng)手段）
e.g. The two firms are trying hard to steal a march on the other.
這兩家公司正努力試圖比對(duì)方搶先一著。
16.be honoured as… 作為……而受到尊敬
He was honoured as a teacher.
他作為老師而受到人們的尊敬。
Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and was honoured as a hero.
1915年甘地回到印度，并且被尊為英雄。
拓展：v./ n honour-dishonour adj. Honourable-dishonourable（反義詞）
常用短語：show honour to 向某人表示敬意
a sense of honour廉恥心
an honoured guest貴賓
do honour to向……表示敬意，帶來榮譽(yù)
on/upon one’s honour以名譽(yù)擔(dān)保
pay/give honour to向……致敬
honour system無監(jiān)視的考試制度
in honour of…紀(jì)念……
with honour光榮地
for the honour of 為顧全……的榮譽(yù)
17.oppose v.（反義詞：support）反對(duì)，反抗
People there opposed their government.
那里的人們反對(duì)政府。
I oppose this plan because I think it is impractical.
我反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為它不切實(shí)際。
同義詞組：be opposed to / object to /be against
His father is very much opposed to her going abroad.他父親強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)她出國。
He objected to working on Sundays.
他反對(duì)星期日工作。
We are for peace and against war.
我們贊成和平，反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
另：opposition n.（位置）面對(duì)，反對(duì)
the house in opposition to each other面對(duì)面的房子
find oneself in opposition to sb. on a question
發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在某問題上與某人意見相反。
18.possess v.擁有（東西，特性）
They asked him whether it is true that he had possessed two cars.
他們問他是否真的擁有兩輛小汽車。
He never possessed much money, but he is possessed of good health.
他從沒有過很多錢，但他總是很健康。
同義詞（組）：own/belong to/have/be possessed of
e.g. He owns a very good dictionary. = A very good dictionary belongs to him.
19.as follows 如下
He received a letter which read as follows.
他收到一封信，信文如下。
The game rules are as follows.
比賽的規(guī)劃如下所述。
His arguments are as follows.他的論點(diǎn)如下。
20.value vt.珍視，重視
I value his advice on how to study English well.
我很珍視他的關(guān)于如何學(xué)好英語的建議。
The may or valued public opinions.
市長很重視公眾的意見。
Gandhi valued ordinary people.
甘地很重視普通人。
三、精典名題導(dǎo)解
題1 （上海2001春招）
Mr . Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
分析：B。此題考的是短語搭配：devote…to(doing)sth.
題2 （NMET 2002 北京）
Tow middle-aged passengers fell into dead sda. , neither of them could swim.
A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
分析：C。從所給情景可以判斷，她們都不會(huì)游泳，要填unfortunately.
題3 （NMET 2001）
It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
分析：D。在as(so)…as…中，第一個(gè)as是adv.，后接adj，第二個(gè)as后接句子。句意為“人們普遍相信，教學(xué)是一門科學(xué)，同樣是一門藝術(shù)”。
題4 （NMET 2000春招）
-It’s good idea. But who’s going to the plan?
-I think Tom and Grey will.
A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through
分析：B。此題考查的是短語動(dòng)詞的含義。A的意思是“擱置”；B的意思是“實(shí)施、實(shí)現(xiàn)或執(zhí)行”；C的意思是“吸收”；D的意思是“通過或完成”。
題5 The mother didn’t know was to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
A. who B. when C. how D. what
分析：A。根據(jù)句意，空白處應(yīng)填指人的who, who與to blame構(gòu)成邏輯上的“動(dòng)賓”關(guān)系。全句意為：由于打破玻璃（杯）的事是母親不在家時(shí)發(fā)生的，所以她（母親）不知道該責(zé)備誰打破了破璃（杯）。
題6 （NMET 2003北京）
The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to .
A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over
分析：A。make it out發(fā)現(xiàn)真相，因?yàn)槭艿矫曰螅栽噲D發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。
題7 （NMET 2002）
The taxi driver often reminds passengers to their belongings when they leave the car.
A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take
分析：D。take拿走，句意為：乘客下車時(shí)要把東西帶走。
題8 （NMET 2001 北京）
-Why haven’t you bought any butter?
-I to but I forgot about it.
A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected
分析：C。從提供的情景分析，是打算買而沒買，應(yīng)用meant。
題9 （NMET 2001 北京）
Have a good rest. You need to your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.
A. leave B. save C. hold D. get
分析：B。save此為“儲(chǔ)存，積攢”之意。