高中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練題
【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】
動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)是兩個(gè)非常重要的語(yǔ)法范疇，構(gòu)成了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的基本框架。因此時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)也是高考中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目。英語(yǔ)有十六種時(shí)態(tài)，但�？嫉闹饕幸话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)及完成進(jìn)行時(shí)等。語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)設(shè)題，通常結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行綜合考查。
（一）時(shí)態(tài)概念
時(shí)態(tài)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生的時(shí)間的各種形式。英語(yǔ)中有十六種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式，但常見(jiàn)的有九種，見(jiàn)下表：
時(shí)態(tài)名稱(chēng) 表示
時(shí)間 表達(dá)的意義 例 句
一
般
現(xiàn)在
時(shí)
現(xiàn)
在 習(xí)慣于或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作 Class begins at eight every morning .
狀況 He looks very pale .
瞬間動(dòng)作 There comes the school bus .
過(guò)
去 描述過(guò)去的事實(shí)，以求描述的生動(dòng)性 The river rises higher and higher , breaks the banks and fills all low places .
將
來(lái) 固定不變或不易變的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) Tomorrow is Sunday .
（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) When he arrives ,we’ll go out to meet him .
It will be 3 hours before I come back .
不受時(shí)間限制的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) The sun rises in the east .
Practice makes perfect.
一
般
過(guò)
去
時(shí)
過(guò)
去 某時(shí)（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）的動(dòng)作 He traveled in France last year.
狀態(tài) He was in Shenzheng some years ago .
習(xí)慣動(dòng)作 When I was at college , I wrote home once a month.
先后一連串動(dòng)作 He went to town ,bought some books and visited his daughter.
現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái) 非真實(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，屬虛擬語(yǔ)氣范疇 It’s time we had supper.
If he arrived tomorrow , I should meet him at the airport.
一
般
將
來(lái)
時(shí)
將
來(lái) 某個(gè)時(shí)刻（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，更多地用于帶有條件從句的主句中 He will come next week . I’ll ask her as soon as she comes.
狀態(tài) Your dress will be ready soon.
現(xiàn)
在 預(yù)測(cè)現(xiàn)在某事可能要發(fā)生了 It’s ten o’clock . Mary will be in bed by now.
現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣 A lion will never attack an elephant .
現(xiàn)在的需要 Shall I help you ?
對(duì)將來(lái)的事情現(xiàn)在作出決定 ---Which shirt do you want ?
---I’ll take the red one, please.
現(xiàn)
在
進(jìn)
行
時(shí)
現(xiàn)
在 某時(shí)（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 He is writing a letter now. She is visiting Shanghai this week .
婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣 I’m hoping to hear from you soon.
帶有感情色彩的敘述 The boy is always talking in class.
將
來(lái) 按計(jì)劃一般不易變更的動(dòng)作 The train is leaving at 11:00 p.m..
（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作 When you are cycling along the street , don’t’ forget the traffic light.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
過(guò)
去 某時(shí)（或時(shí)間段內(nèi)）進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 I was doing my homework this time last night.
故事發(fā)生的背景 The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.
帶有感情色彩的敘述 He was making trouble all the time .
過(guò)去說(shuō)話(huà)前不久的動(dòng)作 I was telling him his mother was ill .
婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣 I was hoping you could help me.
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
過(guò)去 間接引用某人過(guò)去的話(huà)和想法 He warned us that the journey would be dangerous .
習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作 At dusk , these old ladies would sit in rocking chairs and talk.
現(xiàn)
在 非真實(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) If I were you , I would study French .
客氣的請(qǐng)求 Would you mind helping me ?
愿望 I would like a cup of tea.
現(xiàn)
在
完
成
時(shí)
完
成
用
法 現(xiàn)在時(shí)間前完成的動(dòng)作留下的結(jié)果或影響 He has turned off the light .
I have been to Japan .
現(xiàn)在時(shí)間前已做的動(dòng)作 He is reading the book that he has bought recently .
（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間前先要做完的動(dòng)作 I’ll return the book to you as soon as I have finished it .
未完成用法
直到現(xiàn)在為止尚未完成的動(dòng)作 He has lived in Wuhan since last summer.
過(guò)
去
完
成
時(shí) 完成用法 過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一事件前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) By the end of last term we had learned 3000 English words.
未完成用法 過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一事件前已發(fā)生但未完成的動(dòng)作 By December last year , he had worked in Beijing for five years .
其他用法
表示非真實(shí)的,想象的過(guò)去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) I wish I had told him about it . If she had worked harder , she would have succeeded.
They had meant to see me off at the airport , but they got there too late.
（二） 時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用
1．現(xiàn)在時(shí)等表示將來(lái)時(shí)
【重點(diǎn)提示】 用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)往往出現(xiàn)在以下?tīng)钫Z(yǔ)從句中：if , unless , even if 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；when , before ; after ; once ; until ; till ; as soon as ; (the moment ;immediately )等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；no matter what/ who/ which/ when/ where/ how 或whatever/ whoever/ whenever/ wherever/ however/ whichever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
在上述從句中如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)（往往出現(xiàn)will , shall , can , must 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句），從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：
I’ll not go to his birthday party unless I’m invited.
Tell him the news as soon as he comes back .
有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（句中帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞如begin , come , leave, go arrive , start , stop , return , open , close等。如：
The meeting begins at seven .
The train starts at nine in the morning .
當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。如：
He said he would go for a holiday when he finished his work.
上述從句中還用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)，此時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作在主句之前發(fā)生。如：
You can’t go out until you have finished your homework .(先完成作業(yè)再出去玩。)
2．過(guò)去時(shí)在語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用
【重點(diǎn)提示】在沒(méi)有明確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的情況下，考生對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)的判定往往會(huì)失誤，原因是只憑漢語(yǔ)直譯而不看語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)境中的過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示“剛才、剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。如：
I never thought he would do that .
3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)
【重點(diǎn)提示】考生很容易將現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)誤用為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，原因是沒(méi)有深刻領(lǐng)會(huì)“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響”這句話(huà)的含義。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅僅說(shuō)明動(dòng)作在過(guò)去，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。如：
---Where have you put the recorder? I can’t find it anywhere!
---I put it right here , but now it’s gone .
問(wèn)句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表明說(shuō)話(huà)者在找錄音機(jī)，希望對(duì)方告訴他錄音機(jī)在哪里。而答語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)椤颁浺魴C(jī)已經(jīng)不見(jiàn)了”。“剛才”把錄音機(jī)放這兒與“現(xiàn)在不見(jiàn)了”沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系。
4．某些固定的句式中的時(shí)態(tài)
【重點(diǎn)提示】在某些固定的句式中，其時(shí)態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的。
1） This / It is / will be the first / second ---time +that 從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，若主句be動(dòng)詞用was ,則that 從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：
This is the first time I have come here.
It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.
2） It is / has been + 一段時(shí)間+since 從句。Since 從句中一般用過(guò)去時(shí)，如果將前邊的is 改成was ，則since 從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：
It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time .
3) be about to do ---when ---意為“即將------（這時(shí)）突然------”。如：
I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
4) be (was / were ) doing--- when ---意為“正在干------（這時(shí)）突然------”。如：
They were playing football when Jack shouted in pain .
5) Hardly had ---done ---when--- ; No sooner had --- done ---than---
when 和than 從句里也用過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“剛剛------就------”。如：
Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down .
No sooner had the villagers left the burning building than it fell down into pieces .
6) It + be +一段時(shí)間+before 從句
該句式分兩種情況：若主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后即將發(fā)生某事；若主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后發(fā)生了某事。如：
It wont’ be long before he succeeds.(=He will soon succeed.)
It was ten years before they met again .(=They met again ten years later.)
5.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
【重點(diǎn)提示】 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某時(shí)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)然中間動(dòng)作有時(shí)并非無(wú)停頓。事實(shí)上現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)除了表示動(dòng)作“已完成”的概念外，也可以表示動(dòng)作“未完成”概念，一般可換用，但口語(yǔ)中更傾向于用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：
He has taught English for 10 years.
也可說(shuō)成: He has been teaching English for 10 years .
下列最好用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，因?yàn)閹в幸欢ǖ母星樯�。如�?/p>
Where have you been ? I’ve been telephoning you the whole morning !
He’s been talking to me since this morning .
6.非延續(xù)性（終止性）動(dòng)詞怎樣表示一段時(shí)間
【重點(diǎn)提示】 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有mary , die , close , arrive , post , come , fall , leave, go , break , give , join , jump , receive, buy , borrow , become , start , begin , graduate等。這些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for ---, since ---連用。如：
可以說(shuō)：I have bought an Audi car.
不可以說(shuō)：I have bought an Audi car for a year.
如果要表示一段時(shí)間，句中不能用終止性動(dòng)詞，一定要用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：
I have had an Audi car for a year.
也可以用以下方式：
I bought an Audi car a year ago .
It’s / has been a year since I bought an Audi car.
二、 語(yǔ)態(tài)
當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be 的變化形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)。如：
The bridge is being built now .
He was asked a lot of questions at the meeting .
動(dòng)詞say , believe , report , announce , suppose ,know ,consider ,hope 等以it 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，后面接that 從句。如：
It is said that our football team has won the game .
【重點(diǎn)提示】 英語(yǔ)中有時(shí)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，主要有以下三種情況：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞短語(yǔ)。
(一) 用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式表示被動(dòng)含義
1． 表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞look , sound , feel ,smell , taste , prove, appear+形容詞/ 名詞構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
The steel feels cold.
His plan proved (to be )practical .
2.表示“開(kāi)始”、“結(jié)束”、“運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞，如begin , finish , start , open , close , stop , end , shut , run, move.
Work began at 7 o’clock this morning .
The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day .
3.表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞，如read, write ,act , sell , wash , clean ,open , cook,lock ,shut ,dry ,eat , drink.這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用，常加上一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)。如：
This coat dries easily .
The pen writes smoothly.
4.少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如 ：print , build , cook , fry , hang ,make .
The books are printing .
（二）用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義
1. want , need , require 作“需要”講時(shí)，后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義，這時(shí)動(dòng)名詞同句子的主語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如：
The house needs / wants / requires repairing .
2. 形容詞worth 后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義
This problem is well worth considering .
The close game is worth watching .
3. 不定式在某些形容詞（difficult ,easy ,hard ,comfortable , pleasant , fit ,unfit , light , heavy ,good , safe ,dangerous ）后作狀語(yǔ)且和句子的主語(yǔ)（或賓語(yǔ)）構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，這是因?yàn)槿藗兺J(rèn)為形容詞后省去了for sb. 如：
The question is difficult (for me )to understand .
She is easy (for people )to get along with .
4. 不定式作名詞的后置定語(yǔ)，與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又和該句的主語(yǔ)后賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式常用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)含義。如：
I have a lot of work to do this evening .
5. 在there be 句型中修飾主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形式和被動(dòng)形式皆可。在口語(yǔ)中多用主動(dòng)形式。如：
There are many things to do / be done .
6. 不定式to let , to blame 等表示被動(dòng)意義。如：
The car is to let. (汽車(chē)出租。)
（三） 介詞in , on , under 等+n. 構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義
The house facing the lake is in the possession of John.
=The house facing the lake is possessed by John.
The question is under discussion .=The question is being discussed .
【命題趨勢(shì)】
歷年來(lái)高考中時(shí)態(tài)題一般要求考生能夠根據(jù)上下文捕捉和體會(huì)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間信息，充分注意題干中語(yǔ)境，準(zhǔn)確判斷時(shí)態(tài)，弄清句子主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系和被動(dòng)關(guān)系；熟練掌握英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)，并側(cè)重區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法。一般來(lái)說(shuō)考進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成時(shí)的頻率更高一點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)態(tài)一般很少單獨(dú)設(shè)題，往往穿插在時(shí)態(tài)中進(jìn)行綜合考查，要求考生掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式尤其是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【點(diǎn)擊真題】
【例1】---Sorry to have interrupted you . Please go on .
---Where was I ?
--- You ____ you didn’t like your father’s job. (2004北京春)
A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying
【答案】 C。
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)及過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別。
【解析】本題是一組對(duì)話(huà)。第二句意為“我剛才講到哪里了？”對(duì)方回答說(shuō)“你剛才正講到你不喜歡你父親的工作那個(gè)地方�！睉�(yīng)該指剛才正講到------，所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，選C。
【例2】 How can you possibly miss the news ?It ____ on TV all day long .
has been B. had been C. was D. will be (2004北京春)
【答案】A.
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)用法。
【解析】從句意來(lái)看，“你怎么可能會(huì)沒(méi)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息呢？電視上整天在播放該消息。” 而且句中all day long 表示該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直在進(jìn)行，因此應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)態(tài)。
【例3】All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor , her nervousness ___.
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown (NMET2003)
【答案】C.
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)用法。
【解析】 先排除A、B兩項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閺膹木淇�，說(shuō)的是過(guò)去的事，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)；再排除D項(xiàng)，因?yàn)椤八辈豢赡茉诘群蜥t(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告之前就增加了緊張感了。故應(yīng)選C表明“等候”與“增長(zhǎng)”兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都在過(guò)去同時(shí)發(fā)生。
【例4】At this time tomorrow ____ over the Atlantic .
A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly (2003北京)
【答案】B。
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)shall (will )be +現(xiàn)在分詞的用法。
【解析】shall (will )be +現(xiàn)在分詞的用法可表示“純粹的將來(lái)”，說(shuō)話(huà)者僅陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)。或表示某種可能的推測(cè)，有“我料想，我估計(jì)”的含義。本題中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at this time tomorrow很明顯是個(gè)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選B。
【例5】---____ David and Vicky ____ married ?
---For about three years.
A. How long were; being B. How long have ; got
C. How long have ; been D. How long did ; get （2003北京）
【答案】C.
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查1.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法.2.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be married ,get married 的區(qū)別.
【解析】 根據(jù)回答 “For about three years .”可知應(yīng)提問(wèn)兩人結(jié)婚(到現(xiàn)在)已多久了,須用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；再排除B項(xiàng)，get married 當(dāng)作非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞使用，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，不能用How long 來(lái)提問(wèn)。Be married 表示延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
【例6】 The news came as no surprise to me .I ____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down . （2003北京）
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
【答案】A.
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法知識(shí)。
【解析】本題的第一句是關(guān)鍵“對(duì)于那消息我不感到驚訝”，原因就是在這之前已經(jīng)知道了內(nèi)容。第一句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，在一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前的事情，應(yīng)選過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
【例7】 I ____ ping-pang quite well , but I haven’t had time to play since the new year .
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play (NMET2001)
【答案】D。
【點(diǎn)撥】該題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。
【解析】But 后的并列分句用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定表示到現(xiàn)在為止未完成的動(dòng)作，由此可推斷出一個(gè)并列分句表示的是經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為D。
【例8】 I arrived late ; I ____ the road to be so icy. (2004北京春)
A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected
C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting
【答案】C。
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查的是時(shí)態(tài)用法。
【解析】本題由兩個(gè)分句組成。前一個(gè)分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。后一個(gè)分句中的動(dòng)詞expect 實(shí)際上是發(fā)生在前一個(gè)分句中動(dòng)詞arrived之前，指在此之前沒(méi)有料到路面會(huì)那么的滑。因此應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故答案選C。
【例9】Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ___ so rapidly . (NMET2001)
A. is changing B. had changed C. will have changed D. will change
【答案】A.
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)用法。
【解析】題干為一個(gè)含有原因狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)句的主從復(fù)合句，主句陳述的情況是一客觀(guān)事實(shí)，原因狀語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)一直正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故答案為A。又如：
Don’t turn off the light because I am reading a report now.
【例10】Come and see me whenever _____.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
B. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you (2003北京)
【答案】C。
【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查1.whenever “任何時(shí)間”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2.convenient 一詞的用法.
【解析】 1.先排除B、D兩項(xiàng)，因?yàn)闋钫Z(yǔ)從句中一般將來(lái)時(shí)需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。2.convenient “方便的,合適的”,be convenient to sb.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))如果方便的話(huà).排除A 項(xiàng).
【拓展演練】
【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題】
1.---You’re drinking too much .
--- Only at home .No one ___ me but you .
A. is seeing B. had seen C. saw D. sees
2.---Look at the terrible situation I am in ! If only I ____ your advice .
--- Don’t worry . Try again .
A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed
3.The telephone ____ three times in the last hour , and each time it ____ for my father.
A. had rung ; was B. has rung ; was C. rang ; has been D. has been ringing ; is
4.---John took a photograph of you just now.
--- Really ? What a pity ! I ____ .
A. didn’t look B. wasn’t looking C. hadn’t looked D. haven’t looked
5. After the class , the students went out of the classroom one by one , but only Mary___.
A. left B. had left C. was leaving D. was left
6. The 2000 Olympic Games ____ in Sydney , a city of Australia.
A. were taken place B. was held C. were held D. had been held
7.The teacher told his students that they ____ to be useful men to the country .
A. were all expected B. were all expecting C. all were expected D. all expected
8.--- You’ve agreed to go , but why aren’t you getting ready ?
--- But I ____ that you ___ me to start at once .
A. don’t realize ; want B. don’t realize ; wanted
C. didn’t realize ; wanted D. haven’t realized ; want
9.Will these flowers be watered _____?
A. every few days B. after hours C. within a few hours D. the other day
10.Nobody knew when the fire ____ , but they knew it ____ the next morning .
A. broke out , was put out B. was broken out ; was put out
C. broke out ; put out D. was broken out ; went out
11.I have no idea what ____ while I was asleep .
A. has happened B. was happened C. happened D. had happened
12.---Look !Somebody has broken a glass.
--- Well , it ____ me . I ___ that .
A. wasn’t ; didn’t do B. isn’t ; haven’t done C. wasn’t ; hadn’t done D. isn’t ; didn’t do
13.The thief ____ when he was stealing a wallet from a woman .
A. happened to notice B. was taken place to notice
C. was happened to be noticed D. happened to be noticed
14.---Do you know anyone in Paris ?
--- No , I’ll make friends once ____.
A. I’m settled B. I have settled C. I’ll be settled D. I’m settling
15.---Come on , Shella . I want to show you something .
--- Oh, how nice of you . I ____ you ____ to bring me a gift.
A. didn’t think ; were going B. never think ; are going
C. never thought ; were going D. hadn’t thought ; were going
16.It will be a long time ___ Frank ____ back from abroad .
A. before ; comes B .since ; has come C. when ; has come D. after ; came
17.---I’ve heard Bob ____ from his journey to Africa .
--- What about visiting him tonight ?
A. had come back B. coming back C. come back D. is back
18.Unfortunately when I arrived she ____ , so we only had time for a few words .
A. just left B. has just left C. was just leaving D. had just left
19.---How do you usually go to work ?
--- If it is fine , I ___ on foot .
A. will go B. go C. have gone D. won’t go
20.He ___ and was made to repeat it .
A. didn’t understand B. didn’t be understood C. wasn’t understand D. wasn’t understood
21.The pupils here ____ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.
A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing
C. have kept busy doing D. have been kept busy doing
22.---What were you doing when Tom came to see you ?
--- I____ on my coat and ____ .
a) have just put ; leaving B. was put ; was left
C. had just put ; was leaving D. was putting ; left
23.---You haven’t said a word about my new coat , Brenda . Do you like it ?
--- I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner . I certainly think it is pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
24.---I am sorry ,but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you .
--- You ____ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing
25.---Is Tom still smoking ?
--- No, by next Saturday he ___ for a while month without smoking a single cigarette.
A. will go B. has gone C. will have gone D. has been going
26.---What were you up to when your mother came in ?
--- I ___ for a while and ____ some reading .
A. was playing ; was going to B. played ; did
C. had played ; was going to D. had played ; did
27.---____ you ___ the editor at the airport ?
--- No , he ___ away before my arrival .
A. Have ; met ; has driven B. Had ; met ; was driven
C. Did ; meet ; had been driven D. Have ; met ; had driven
28.---What’s the matter ?
--- The shoes don’t fit properly .They ___ my feet.
A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt
29.--- ___ Betty this morning ?
--- Not yet , but she is sure to be here before noon .
A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see
30.---Alice came back home the day before yesterday .
---Really ? Where _____?
A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone
【能力提高題】
1.I can guess you were in a hurry .You ____ your sweater inside out .
A. had wear B. were C. were wearing D. are wearing
2.I really don’t’ think Rosemary will be upset , but I will go and see her in case she ___ .
A. is B. does C. will be D. has been
3.My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand .
A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out
4.Until then , I ___ for him for five hours in his office.
A. waited B. was waiting C. have been waiting D. had been waiting
5.The foreign friends you referred to ____ looking forward to ____ around our university .
A. are ; being shown B. being ; being shown C. being ; showing D. are ; be shown
6.The door ____ . Better send for a workman to repair it .
A. isn’t open B. isn’t be opened C. hasn’t been opened D. won’t open
7. I don’t mind ____ alone , but I want a good book ____ .
A. leaving ;reading B. being left ; to read C. to be left ; to be read D. being left ; to be read
8.The shop assistant promised me that the material ____, and what she said ___ to be true .
A. would be dried easily ; was proved B. will be dried easily ; was proved
C. dried easily ; proved D. dried easy ; proved
9.---Sorry , I ___ to post the letter for you .
--- Never mind . ____ it myself after school.
A. forget ; I’d rather post B. forgot ; I’m going to post
C. forgot ; I’ll post D. forget ; I’d better post
10.---What happened to the postman ?
--- I don’t know . He ____ around here for a long time .
A. hasn’t seen B. didn’t see C. wasn’t seen D. hasn’t been seen
11.---Did you write to Mary last month ?
--- No , but I’ll ___ her over Christmas Day .
A. be seen B. be seeing C. have seen D. have been seeing
12.They said good-bye , little knowing that they ____ again.
A. were never met B. will never meet C. never met D. were never to meet
13.---Don’t you know I make the decision here ?
--- ____, not until you ____ me .
A. Yes , have told B. No , have told C. Yes , tell D. No , are telling
14.It won’t be long before such a thing ____ again .
A. will happen B. happens C. is happened D. happened
15.The boy whom you lent the bike to ___ by a car.
A. hit B. be hit C. having been hit D. was hit
16.By the time the speaker entered the hall , all the listeners ____ .
A. had seated B. were seated C. seated D. were seating
17.We can not use the bridge now , because it ___ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
18.The room ___ cool in summer and warm in winter.
A. is being felt B. is felt C. feels D. has been felt
19.In warm weather fruit and meat ____ long .
A. don’t keep B. can not be kept C. are not kept D. are not keeping
20.It’s the third time you ___ late for school this week .
A. have been B. had been C. are D. were
21. Once you ___ used to the weather here , you ____ this place.
A. had got ; probably liked B. will get ; probably like
C. get ; probably liked D. get ; will probably like
22.They ____ for long when a message came .
A. had drunk B. drunk C. had not drunk D. were drinking
23.Perhaps ____ several years ____ back from abroad .
A. Tom is ; that he comes B. it is ; before Tom will come
C. he will be ; when Tom comes D. it will be ; before Tom comes
24.---Well , here I am at last .
--- Good ! I ___ worried ___ you couldn’t be back on time .
A. got ; about that B. was ; that C. am ; whether D. am ; why
25.--- Have you posted my letter?
--- Sorry , I ___ all about it .
A. had forgotten B. will forget C. forgot D. forget
26.---Jim has been in hospital .
---Oh, really ? I ___ . ____ visit her .
A. didn’t know ; I’ll go and B. don’t know ; I have intended to
C. don’t know ; I intended to D. haven’t known ; I was going to
27.It was twelve o’clock ___ they finished the work .
A . since B. at which C. that D. when
28.---Where ___ the map ?
--- I ___ it right here .
A. did you put ; have put B. have you put ; put
C. had you put ; was putting D. were you putting ; have put
29.---Where do you think ___ he ___ the computer ?
--- Sorry . I have no idea.
A. has ; brought B. / ; bought C. did ; buy D. had ; bought
30.---Are you a visitor here ?
--- That’s right . I ___ round the world and now my dream of coming to China ___ true .
A. have traveled ; has come B. was traveling; had been come
C. am traveling ; has come D. have traveled ; has been come
【高考沖刺題】
1. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy , who _____ without warning and bringing us presents .
A. always turns up B. has always turned up C. was turned up D. was always turning up
2.--- Did he notice you enter the room ?
--- I don’t think so . He ______ to the radio with his eyes shut .
A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened
3. --- Would you like to visit the temple ?
---- If I _______ a week off.
A. will have B. had C. have had D. would have
4.---Look !How long _________ like this ?
--- Three weeks ! It’s usual here that rain ________ without stopping these days at sea.
A .has it rained ; pours B. has it been raining ; pours
C. is it raining ; is pouring D. does it rain ; pours
5. I ____ to help you but I was not able to spare any time .I ____ a paper last night and I’ll finish it tonight .
A. wanted ;have been writing B. have wanted ; wrote
C. had wanted ; wrote D. had wanted ; was writing
6. The price ______ , but I doubt whether it will remain so .
A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down
7.In this experiment , they are woken up several times during the night , and asked to report what they _________ .
A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt
8. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth _____ well .
A. have told ; washes B. have been told ; washes C. was told ; washed D. have been told ; is washed
9. The car ran down the hill , and the driver __, according to the newspaper , to have been killed.
A. said B. was saying C. was said D. had been said
10.---Was that the first time _____ you ___ England’s coast .
--- Yes . It was .
A. ./ ; left B. when ; have left C. when ; had left D. / had left
11. I should have written to you earlier , but _____ rather busy recently .
A. I’ve been B. I’d been C. I’m being D. I were
12. He will phone ____ he ______ his work .
A. for the moment ; sets about B. the moment ; sets about
C. the moment ; will set about D. for the moment ; will set about
13.---Kate returned home yesterday .
--- Really ? Where ____?
A. has she been B. had she gone C. has she gone D. had she been
14.In such dry weather , the flowers will have to be watered if they ______.
A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
15. The TV sets made by our factory sell best , but 10 years ago no one could have guessed the place in the markets that they _______ .
A. were having B. were to have C. had had D. had
16.---Can you give me the right answer ?
--- Sorry , I ______ . Would you repeat that question ?
A. hadn’t listened B. haven’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening
17.I _____ violin lessons every two weeks , but I think I’ll make it every week from next month.
A. am having B. have had C. have D. have been having
18.---What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening ?
--- I ______ my homework and was starting to take a bath.
A. had just finished B. was finishing C. have already finished D. was going to finish
19.--- Your baby is too thin .
--- It could gain weight , but it _____ much .
A. doesn’t eat B. didn’t eat C. hadn’t been D. couldn’t eat
20.Please call again . Jim ______ a bath just now .
A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has
21. ---Why did you come by taxi?
--- My bike broke down last night and I ____ it repaired .
A. didn’t have B. don’t have C. won’t have D. haven’t had
22. I don’t really work here . I _____until the new secretary arrives .
A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out
23.You _____ television . Why not do something more active?
A.always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching
24.--- Can you drive on the free way , Mr. Green ?
--- You can when you ____ a bit more skilled .
A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get
25. I _____ at the station half an hour ago , but the train ___ yet.
A. arrived ; hadn’t come B. was arriving ; hadn’t come
C. arrived ; hasn’t come D. had arrived ; didn’t come
26.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge ? It will ___ fresh for several days .
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
27. The little girl _____ her heart out because she _____ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it .
A . had cried ; lost B. cried ; had lost
C. has cried ; has lost D. cries ; has lost
28. I feel it is your husband who ____ for the spoiled child .
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
29.Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes .
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
30. Rainforests ____ and burned at such a great speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future .
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been out
動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（解析）
【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題】
1． 答案：D。
解析：從第一句中可知，本題排除與過(guò)去時(shí)有關(guān)的B、C兩項(xiàng)，而see 一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2．答案：c。
解析：if only 在句中引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，在含有if only虛擬句中，不能用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境這里是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的一種情況，所以要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
3． B。
解析：第一句中有in the past hour ，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；第二句中each time 顯然是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，故選B。
4． 答案：B。
解析：先排除D項(xiàng)，然后從語(yǔ)境中可知，不在看（鏡頭）是指John 給我拍照時(shí)的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5． 答案：D。
解析：此句中Mary 是被留下來(lái)，而不是主動(dòng)離開(kāi)。
6． 答案：C。
解析：A項(xiàng)中take place 無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，B項(xiàng)中主謂不一致，D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。
7． 答案：A。
解析：從本句意思來(lái)看,they 應(yīng)指學(xué)生，與expect 之間應(yīng)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Be expected to do意思是：被指望做------。
8． 答案：C。
解析：realize 不是現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，而是在你提醒我之前沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，故用C，主從句時(shí)態(tài)也一致。
9． 答案：C。
解析：本句用的是將來(lái)時(shí)，故排除A、D。B項(xiàng)中after hours 一般用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，只有C正確。Within 相當(dāng)于in.
10.答案：a。
解析：break out 無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。put out 與fire 之間應(yīng)體現(xiàn)被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
11．答案：C。
解析：happen 無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而A項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)與while I was asleep 不符合。
12．答案：A。
解析：答句中說(shuō)明 “打破杯子的不是我，我沒(méi)做那事”，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
13．答案：D。
解析：happen to do 表示“正好，碰巧”，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而the thief 與notice 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D。
14．答案：A。
解析：本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)，主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，故在once 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，而be settled 指生活安頓下來(lái)，故選A。
15．答案：C。
解析：原句意思是“我壓根兒不曾想到你會(huì)給我?guī)ФY物來(lái)”�！皼](méi)想到”當(dāng)然是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，故排除B項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)也不對(duì)；A項(xiàng)中didn’t think 表示“我并不認(rèn)為---”與原句意思不符。第二空用were going to 表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，與主句時(shí)態(tài)一致。
16．答案：A。
解析：It will be / was a long time before ------是個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
17．答案：D。
解析：主句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，若選A，主從句中時(shí)態(tài)不一致。若選B、C項(xiàng)表示聽(tīng)到Bob 回來(lái)或聽(tīng)到Bob 回來(lái)了，D項(xiàng)表示我聽(tīng)說(shuō)Bob從非洲回來(lái)了，heard 后省去了that ，主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。
18．答案：C。
解析：從句意來(lái)看，我到那兒時(shí)，她還沒(méi)離開(kāi)，而是正要離開(kāi)，故選C。
19．答案：B。
解析：一般情況下條件從句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。但本題中問(wèn)句里有usually 一詞，詢(xún)問(wèn)的是通常的情況，故用B。
20．答案D。
解析：從后半句was made to repeat it 可知，因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有被聽(tīng)懂，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
21．答案：D。
解析：本題中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)every day in the past four weeks 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在的四周里每天進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，而主語(yǔ)the pupil 與keep 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用be kept busy doing 結(jié)構(gòu)。
22．答案：C。
解析：原句意思是“Tom 來(lái)看我時(shí)我剛穿好衣服，正準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)。”故選C。
23．答案：D。
解析：答句中用過(guò)去時(shí)表示在你征詢(xún)我的意見(jiàn)前我沒(méi)有及時(shí)說(shuō)，故用D。
24．答案：C。
解析：從I shouldn’t have been so rude to you 一句可看出，對(duì)方是為自己在過(guò)去某一時(shí)候的無(wú)禮舉動(dòng)表示歉意，故發(fā)脾氣這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或進(jìn)行時(shí)，C項(xiàng)中用did lose 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
25．答案：C。
解析：由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by next Saturday 可知，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，選C。
26．答案：C。
解析：答句中for a while 暗示要用完成時(shí)，此處顯然用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；第二空用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)指媽媽進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)我正在看書(shū)。
27．答案：C。
解析：從答句before my arrival 可知，本題問(wèn)句應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)，而第二空顯然是指過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故選C。
28．答案：A。
解析：用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的情況。我此時(shí)感到疼痛。
29．答案：A。
解析：句中yet 一詞暗示問(wèn)句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
30．答案：B。
解析：Alice 現(xiàn)已回來(lái)了，人不在外地，故不用have / has / had gone ;而本句第一分句講Alice 是前天回來(lái)的，故問(wèn)的該是在前天以前上哪兒了，因此選B，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
【能力提高題】
1． 答案：D。
解析：因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在你身上的毛衣里外穿反了，由此推斷當(dāng)時(shí)你很匆忙。
2． 答案：A。
解析：in case 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因?yàn)榍斑呌衎e upset ，故用be 動(dòng)詞is ，后面省略u(píng)pset。
3． 答案：B。
解析：從后句可知，我手頭還有一點(diǎn)錢(qián)，但很快要用完了，故用B項(xiàng)，進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
4． 答案：D。
解析：until then 表示到過(guò)去某一時(shí)候?yàn)橹�，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
5． 答案：A。
解析：第一空應(yīng)填主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故排除B、C。第二空作介詞to 的賓語(yǔ)；foreign friends 與show around 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。
6． 答案：D。
解析：本題考查的是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。動(dòng)詞open 表示主語(yǔ)的屬性特征，類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞還有close ,read ,write , sell , wash ,dry 等，一般都用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義。
7． 答案：B。
解析：mind 后接動(dòng)名詞，故排除C項(xiàng)。I 與leave 之間應(yīng)體現(xiàn)被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故在B、D中選。第二空不定式作定語(yǔ)，因?yàn)榫渲杏袌?zhí)行read 的主語(yǔ)I ，故用主動(dòng)式。
8． 答案：C。
解析：dry 指主語(yǔ)material 的屬性特征，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。此時(shí)它是不及物動(dòng)詞，故用副詞修飾；第二空prove 是連系動(dòng)詞，所以選C。
9． 答案：C。
解析：“忘了為你寄信”是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，故用B、C。而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)中I’m going to post 表示“打算去寄”不符合上句的語(yǔ)境。
10．答案：D。
解析：從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for a long time 可知到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)為止很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間郵遞員未被見(jiàn)到了。故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
11．答案：B。
解析：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)will / shall be doing sth. 可用于表達(dá)預(yù)計(jì)即將發(fā)生或勢(shì)必要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在一般情況下可和一般將來(lái)時(shí)換用，用將來(lái)時(shí)則顯得更加委婉。
12．答案：D。
解析：was / were to do sth..表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事。
13．答案：B。
解析：答語(yǔ)的含義是：“No, I don’t know it until you have told me”. Till / until 從句中常用一般時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
14．答案：B。
解析：happen 是不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又由于before 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選B。
15．答案：D。
解析：“男孩被車(chē)撞了。”
16．答案：B。
解析：seat 是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“坐下”應(yīng)用be seated 或seat oneself .
17．答案：D 。
解析：D項(xiàng)表示“正在被修復(fù)”。
18．答案：C。
解析：feel 為連系動(dòng)詞，作“摸上去，覺(jué)得”解，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
19．答案：A。
解析：keep 表示“（水果、食物）保質(zhì)，保持新鮮”，在此處是不及物動(dòng)詞。
20．答案：A。
解析：It is the first (second / third---)time that 后從句中用完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
21．答案：D。
解析：once 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)，因此選D。
22．答案：C。
解析：原句意思是“他們才喝了一會(huì)兒的酒，這時(shí)就捎來(lái)了口信�！眂ame 是過(guò)去時(shí)，drink 是到came 動(dòng)作為止一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
23．答案：D。
解析：D項(xiàng)是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
24．答案：B。
解析：在“Here I am at last”之前“我很擔(dān)心”。所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Be worried 后可跟that 從句，注意：在be worried about 后不可跟that 從句。
25．答案：C。
解析：對(duì)“寄信一事我忘了”，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)即可。
26．答案：A。
解析：前一空應(yīng)用didn’t know 表示以前不知道，后一空為目前的決定，要去看望她，所以用will .
27.答案：D。
解析：本句中的it 是代詞，指時(shí)間，when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而不是定語(yǔ)從句。若選C，則應(yīng)在twelve o’clock 前加介詞at ,這樣構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。
28．答案：B。
解析：“你把地圖放在哪兒啦？”側(cè)重我現(xiàn)在找不到它了，是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，回答是“我把它就放在這兒的。”但現(xiàn)在我也不知道它在哪兒。就是一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響。
29．答案：B。
解析：此句為復(fù)雜特殊疑問(wèn)句，即疑問(wèn)詞+do you think (believe / suppose / expect / imagine 等)+其他（陳述語(yǔ)序）？
30．答案：C。
解析：說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，come true 為不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【高考沖刺題】
1． 答案：D。
解析：always 常與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，表示某種反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，往往表示不滿(mǎn)、責(zé)備、贊揚(yáng)等。didn’t like 發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故選 d。
2． 答案：B。
解析：當(dāng)時(shí)他在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。
3． 答案：B。
解析：if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的從句。
4． 答案：B。
解析：表示從過(guò)去直到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作。
5． 答案：D。
解析：had wanted to do 表示過(guò)去打算做某事但沒(méi)有做成，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在做的事情。
6． 答案：C。
解析：價(jià)格到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)已下降，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
7． 答案：C。
解析：dream 是從某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
8． 答案：B。
解析：本句還是考查主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。
9． 答案：C。
解析：“據(jù)說(shuō)------”在英語(yǔ)中可用“ It is / was said that sb. / sth. --- ”句型來(lái)表示。該句型可變成：sb. / sth. is/ was said to --- 句式。因此本句應(yīng)填不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，drive 與kill 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C。
10．答案：D。
解析：固定句式。因主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，所以從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
11．答案：A。
解析：recently 一詞一般用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選A。
12．答案：B。
解析：the moment 可作為連詞詞組引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，并且從句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
13．答案：D。
解析：Kate 昨天就到家了，所以打聽(tīng)她在此以前去哪兒，用D項(xiàng)。
14．答案：B。
解析：be to do 結(jié)構(gòu)在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示“如果想，如果要---”，故選B。
15．答案：B。
解析：were to 在此句中表示相對(duì)于十年前來(lái)說(shuō)將要發(fā)生的事，相當(dāng)于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。原句的意思是“十年前沒(méi)有人可能會(huì)料到我們廠(chǎng)的電視機(jī)會(huì)在市場(chǎng)上占有如今這個(gè)地位。”
16．答案：D。
解析：從Would you repeat that question ?一句可知“我剛才不在聽(tīng)”。故選D。
17．答案：D。
解析：每?jī)芍苌闲√崆僬n是到目前為止一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而且是反復(fù)做的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，該動(dòng)詞還需要延續(xù)到本月底，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
18．答案：A。
解析：做完作業(yè)是在你昨晚打電話(huà)時(shí)剛完成的動(dòng)作，故選A。
19．答案：A。
解析：寶寶平時(shí)一直吃得不多，所以顯得太瘦。
20．答案：C。
解析：從語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷，本題中的just now 指此時(shí)，現(xiàn)在=right now 或at this moment .故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
21．答案：D。
解析：我自行車(chē)還沒(méi)修好，因而對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是現(xiàn)在還不能用，我只好打的過(guò)來(lái)。因此本題應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而不用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
22．答案：C。
解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)指現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。根據(jù)題意：“我只是在幫忙，直到新秘書(shū)到位為止。”故用C項(xiàng)。
23．答案：B。
解析：always 用于進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種感情色彩，此處表示“抱怨”。
24．答案：D。
解析：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
25．答案：C。
解析：到車(chē)站是半個(gè)小時(shí)前的動(dòng)作，yet 表示到現(xiàn)在火車(chē)還沒(méi)到，故選C。
26．答案：B。
解析：stay 在此處是連系動(dòng)詞。
27．答案：B。
解析：cry 是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，而lose 是在此以前的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
28．答案：A。
解析：be to blame 一般表示主語(yǔ)與blame 之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，若選D項(xiàng)，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)should be blamed.
29．答案：B。
解析：條件從句中是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)，job與lose 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。
30．答案：C。
解析：首先，cut 是及物動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)間應(yīng)體現(xiàn)被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除A。 文中 “at such a great speed that they will disappear ---in the near future”,表示目前正以驚人的速度被砍伐，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
責(zé)任編輯：李芳芳