詞匯導(dǎo)練
1．Group A gave____________(有說服力的)opinions and won the debate.
2．The project should be____________(完成)within a year.
3．Jin Yong has a good____________(想像力)in writing swordsmen stories(武俠小說)．
4．I____________(推薦)the book to all my friends.
5．If I am not____________(可獲得的)when you phone，ask for my brother.
6．She is d____________to go to the country for her summer holiday.
7．Is it c____________for you to come out this evening?
8．Everyone’s fingerprints are u____________.
9．If you c____________a crime，you will never escape being punished.
10．The a____________ are excited by the wonderful performance.
11．This dictionary is____________for beginners of English.(intend)
12．We may find all kinds of____________around us，on TV，in newspapers and so on.(advertise)
1．persuasive 2.completed 3.imagination 4.recommended
5．a(chǎn)vailable 6.determined 7.convenient 8.unique
9．commit 10.audience 11.intended 12.advertisements
短語匯集
1．________________ 欺騙，捉弄
2．________________ 上氣不接下氣
3．________________ 誘使某人做某事
4．________________ 上當(dāng)；受騙
5．________________ 反復(fù)地，一遍又一遍地
6．________________ 獨具的；特有的
7．________________ 想要
8．________________ 把……交給某人
9．________________ 對……感到厭倦
10．________________ 迎合，對……有吸引力
11．________________ 傳達
12．________________ 組織，匯集；組裝
1.play tricks on 2.out of breath 3.trick sb.into doing 4.fall for 5.over and over again 6.be unique to 7.feel like 8.present sth.to sb. 9.be bored with 10.appeal to 11.get sth.across 12.put sth.together
語句試譯
1．(回歸課本P2)We are________used to them________we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.
我們對它們習(xí)慣到甚至經(jīng)常根本意識不到一天看到、聽到多少廣告。
2．(回歸課本P3)________ ________ads play tricks on us though.
然而并非所有的廣告都在欺騙我們。
3．(回歸課本P7)If they want to become the market leader，the company must ensure that their product is________ ________ ________.
如果他們想成為市場的主宰者，公司必須確保他們的產(chǎn)品高質(zhì)量。
4．(回歸課本P13)We must update our packaging________ ________ ________attract more young customers.
我們必須更新包裝以吸引更多年輕顧客。
1.so；that 2.Not all 3.of high quality 4.in order to
核心知識
1.share vt.& vi. 共用；分享；分擔(dān)；平均分配
n． 一份；股份
(回歸課本P2)I did some research on advertisements，and have some very important information to share with you.
我對廣告做了一些研究并且有很重要的信息與你分享。
10
歸納拓展
share sth.with sb.與某人分享某物，共用某物黶hare sth.between/among sb.分配某物
share the joy and hardships同甘共苦
share in分享，分擔(dān)；參與
share an interest興趣相同
do one’s share做分擔(dān)的工作，履行義務(wù)等黚ear/take one’s share of...分/負擔(dān)某人的那份……
例句探源
①(牛津P1833)Sue shares a house with three other students.
休和另外三個學(xué)生合住一所房子。
②(朗文P1876)Thousands of fans flooded the streets to share in the celebration of their team’s victory.
數(shù)以千計的球迷涌向街頭，共同慶祝他們球隊的勝利。
③I wrote a check for my share of the phone bill.
我開了支票去交我該付的電話費。
1．完成句子
(1)The teacher suggested that they ________ __________ ________(分擔(dān)費用)among them.
答案：share the expenses
(2)The little girl likes to __________ ________ ________ ________(和……分享玩具)the other kids at the kindergarten.
答案：share her toys with
(3)We are good friends，so we should ________(分享)happiness and sorrow.
答案：share
2.Culture refers to a group or community________we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world.
A．with which B．that
C．which D．what
解析：選A。句意：“文化指的是我們與之共享形成我們理解世界的方式的共同經(jīng)歷的群體或社團�！眘hare with與……共享。
2.promote vt. 宣傳，推廣；促銷，推銷(產(chǎn)品)；提升，晉升
(常用于被動語態(tài))；促進
(回歸課本P2)A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to promote a product or service.
商業(yè)廣告是一種人們?yōu)榱送其N產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)而花錢做的廣告。
歸納拓展
promote a new product 促銷新產(chǎn)品
promote world peace 促進世界和平
promote equal opportunities提倡平等的機會黚e promoted to manager被提升為經(jīng)理))黳romotion n.推銷，晉級
promoter n.承辦人，主辦方
promotional adj.促銷的
例句探源
①(朗文P1630)Verdoorn was promoted to senior vice president.
弗登被提升為高級副總裁。
②(牛津P1587)The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.
這個樂隊已開始巡回宣傳他們的新唱片。
③The area is being promoted as a tourist destination.
這個地區(qū)正被推廣為旅游點。
3．完成句子
(1)該組織旨在促進各國之間的友誼。
The organization works to________________between nations.
答案：promote friendship
(2)這家公司在盡力促銷一種新產(chǎn)品。
The company is trying________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：to promote a new product
(3)她工作努力，很快便獲得提升．
She worked hard and________ ________ ________.
答案：was soon promoted
(4)該足球隊晉級成了甲級隊。
The football team________ ________ ________the First Division.
答案：was promoted to
3.lie n． 謊話；謊言
v． 說謊；躺；處于(某種狀態(tài))
(回歸課本P2)China has strong laws to protect people from advertisements that lie or try to make people believe untrue claims about products or services.
中國有強有力的法律來禁止說謊或?qū)Ξa(chǎn)品與服務(wù)介紹失真的廣告來保護人們。
歸納拓展
【溫馨提示】
易混詞形變化：
例句探源
①(牛津P1164)The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.
貓臥在爐火旁睡得很熟。
②The town lies on the coast.
這個小鎮(zhèn)位于海濱。
③(朗文P1186)I wish you wouldn’t lie to me.
我希望你不要對我說謊。
④Tina got into trouble for telling lies.
蒂娜因說謊陷入了麻煩。
4．完成句子
(1)許多歌星對自己的真實年齡撒謊。
Many pop stars________ ________their real ages.
答案：lie about
(2)你在說謊，但謊言掩蓋不了事實。
You are________and________can not cover up facts.
答案：lying；lies
(3)由于昨晚太熱了，因此他躺在地板上睡覺。
It was very hot last night，so he________on the floor to sleep.
答案：lay
(4)別對我撒謊！
Don’t________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________！
答案：lie to me/tell lies to me
5.The boy________on the ground________that he had seen a cock________an egg.
A．laying；lay；lay B．lying；lie；lie
C．lying；lied；lay D．lay；lying；lay
解析：選C。句意：“躺在地上的那個男孩撒謊說他看見公雞下了個蛋�！钡谝粋�空是“躺”，lying on the ground，作定語修飾the boy；第二個空“撒謊”是句子的謂語，故用lied；第三個空“下蛋”，又用了see sb./sth.do結(jié)構(gòu)，故用動詞原形lay。
4.cure vt. 治愈；治療；改正，糾正(壞習(xí)慣)
n． 治療；療程；療法
(回歸課本P2)The advertisers want you to read the word‘fights’and think that the toothpaste cures bad breath...
廣告想要你看到“挑戰(zhàn)”這個詞，并且認為這種牙膏可治愈口臭……
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P491)This simple solution cured me of biting my nails.
這個簡單的辦法幫我改掉了咬指甲的習(xí)慣。
②(牛津P489)Will you be able to cure him，Doctor?
醫(yī)生，你能把他治好嗎？
③(牛津P489)There’s no known cure but the illness can be treated.這種病尚沒有確切的治愈方法，但可以醫(yī)治。
易混辨析
cure，heal，treat
(1)cure意為“治愈”，常指治療疾病，消除痛苦，或革除惡習(xí)，消除弊害等，側(cè)重結(jié)果，常用于cure sb.of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。
(2)heal指治愈傷口，尤其是灼傷，使愈合或恢復(fù)正常。
(3)treat意為“治療”，強調(diào)動作，常用在treat sb.for sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。
①I am sure the poor girl’s illness will be cured.
②It took three months for the cut to heal properly.
③Which doctor is going to treat her for her illness?
6. (2011年江蘇徐州第一次模擬) The doctor has cured many people ________ such a disease.
A．of B．on
C．in D．have
解析：選A。cure sb. of sth. 是一固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“給某人治好某種病”。
7．Parents try to ________ their children of their bad habits.
A．cure B．treat
C．recover D．heal
解析：選A。cure sb. of sth.表示“治愈，改掉”；treat治療，對待；recover重新獲得，恢復(fù)；heal治愈(尤指傷口愈合)。
8.Although this medicine can cure you ________ your illness，it has a bad effect ________you.
A．for；on B．of；on
C．of；at D．for；in
解析：選B�？疾閮蓚�固定搭配，即cure sb. of sth.“治愈某人的某種疾病”和have a．..effect on sb.“對某人有……的影響”。
5.recommend vt. 推薦；建議；勸告
(回歸課本P9)I recommend that we purchase 10 copies for the library.
我建議我們?yōu)閳D書館購買10本書。
歸納拓展
recommend that＋主語＋(should)do...建議……黵ecommend doing sth.建議做某事
recommend sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事黵ecommend sth.to sb.(＝recommend sb.sth.)向某人推薦某物
recommend sth.for...推薦……作某種用途黵ecommend sb.for/as...推薦某人擔(dān)任……黶trongly/highly/thoroughly recommend強烈建議，極力推薦
make a recommendation提出建議
例句探源
①(牛津P1658)Can you recommend a good hotel?
你能推薦一家好的飯店嗎？
②It’s strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.
建議每年一定把機器檢修一次。
③(朗文P1705)We strongly recommend buying a bicycle helmet.我們強烈建議購買自行車頭盔。
④Doctors recommend that all children should be immunized.
醫(yī)生們建議所有兒童都應(yīng)接種疫苗。
9．完成句子
(1)It was recommended that passengers (________)________ ________ ________(not smoke)during the flight.
答案：(should)not smoke
(2)The manufacturer recommended________(change)the oil after 500km.
答案：changing
(3)My neighbor always recommends the market________fresh fruit and vegetables.
答案：for
(4)I recommend you________get down to work as soon as possible.
答案：to
6.determine vt. 決定；確定；(使)下定決心
(回歸課本P18)In order to determine your audience，you will need to do a little research.
你需要做一些調(diào)查以確定你的廣告群體。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P551)The amount of available water determines the number of houses that can be built.
水源的多少直接影響建房的質(zhì)量。
②Turner makes no excuses，just determining to work harder.
特納沒有辯解，只是決定更加努力工作。
③(牛津P545)I’m determined to succeed.
我決心要獲得成功。
④Gwen is a very determined woman.
格溫是個非常堅定的女子。
(1)我們決定“五一”前完成這項工作。
We________ ________get the work done before May Day.
答案：determined to
(2)什么使你決定接受他們的邀請？
What________ ________ ________ ________their invitation?
答案：determined you to accept
(3)我們決定早些出發(fā)。
We________ ________an early start/(that)we’d make an early start.
答案：determined on
(4)我決心要弄清楚誰該對此事負責(zé)。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________who is responsible for this.
答案：am determined to find out
7.appeal vi. 迎合，有吸引力；懇求，呼吁；上訴
n． 懇求，呼吁；感染力；上訴
(回歸課本P18)It is important to always try to appeal to the way the audience will react.
要始終迎合觀眾的反應(yīng)，這很重要。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P80)The idea didn’t appeal to me too much.
我對這個主意不怎么感興趣。
②The water company appealed to everyone to reduce the amount of water used.自來水公司呼吁大家節(jié)水。
③(牛津P79)The company is appealing against the ruling.
公司正對判決提出申訴。
④The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.
警方呼吁公眾保持鎮(zhèn)靜。
11．完成句子
(1)政府呼吁每個人都不要浪費水。
The government is________ ________everyone________ ________ ________water.
答案：appealing to；not to waste
(2)娛樂節(jié)目必須雅俗共賞，老少皆宜。
Entertaining programmes have to________ ________all ages and social groups.
答案：appeal to
(3)警方呼吁公眾提供有關(guān)這種犯罪活動的信息。
The police are________ ________the public________information about the crime.
答案：appealing to；for
(4)她不服判決向高等法院上訴。
She________ ________the high court________her sentence.
答案：appealed to；against
12. (2011年西工大附中模擬) The design________all the ages and social groups is not easy to make.
A．a(chǎn)ppealed to B．being appealed to
C．to be appealed to D．a(chǎn)ppealing to
解析：選D。句意：能夠迎合所有年齡段和不同社會階層人的喜好的設(shè)計是很難做到的。
8.be used to 對……習(xí)以為常；習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)
(回歸課本P2)We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.
我們對此是如此熟悉以至于我們根本意識不到我們一天看到、聽到多少(廣告)。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2225)We are used to the noise from the traffic now.
現(xiàn)在我們已適應(yīng)車輛來往的噪音了。
②I’m used to getting up early.
我習(xí)慣早起。
③(朗文P2266)Marianne used to play the piano every day，but she hardly ever plays now.
瑪麗安娜過去天天彈鋼琴，但現(xiàn)在幾乎不彈了。
13．完成句子
(1)你以前常在星期天去釣魚。
You ________ ________ ________ ________on Sundays.
答案：used to go fishing
(2)從前這里有一家餐廳。
________ ________ ________ ________a restaurant here.
答案：There used to be
(3)竹子可以用來建造房屋。
Bamboo________ ________ ________ ________ ________houses.
答案：can be used to build
(4)戰(zhàn)爭期間城堡被用來做監(jiān)獄。
During the war the castle________ ________ ________prison.
答案：was used as
9.play tricks on... 玩把戲，戲弄……
(回歸課本P3)Not all ads play tricks on us though.
然而并不是所有的廣告都玩把戲。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P2204)She was tricked into signing the paper.
她被騙簽了那份文件。
②Winston had tricked the elderly couple out of $ 5,000.
溫斯頓騙了那對老夫婦5000美元。
③(牛津P2158)The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher.
孩子們經(jīng)常耍些花招戲弄老師。
14．介詞填空
(1)Playing tricks________others is something we should never do.
答案：on
(2)She tricked him________marrying her.
答案：into
(3)She has a trick________raising her eyebrows at the end of a question.
答案：of
10.up to (數(shù)量、程度等)達到；一直到……；勝任；正在干，從事著(尤指壞事)；是(某人的)責(zé)任；由(某人)決定
(回歸課本P16)It allows you to take photographs continuously for up to 6 hours.
這臺相機可以連續(xù)拍照長達6小時。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2219)He’s not up to the job.
他無法勝任這項工作。
②Up to now he’s been very quiet.
到目前為止，他一直很安靜。
③(朗文P2260)-Which sofa should we get?
-It’s up to you.
-“我們買哪個沙發(fā)？”
-“由你來決定”。
④I think Ken’s up to no good.
我想肯正在干壞事。
15．完成句子
(1)我的汽車最多能帶四個人。
I can take________ ________four people in my car.
答案：up to
(2)到目前為止，顧客們購物時已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了使用布口袋而不用塑料袋。
Customers have been used to cloth bags instead of plastic bags when going shopping________ ________ ________.
答案：up to now
(3)歐文有強烈的責(zé)任感，因此他能勝任這個職位。
Owen has a strong sense of responsibility，so he________ ________ ________the post.
答案：is up to
(4)我敢說他在打壞主意。
I’m sure he________ ________ ________ ________
________.
答案：is up to no good
11.get sth.across(to sb.) 將(想法、信息等)傳達(給某人)；使理解
(回歸課本P18)There are lots of different ways to get your message across when you are putting together an ad campaign.
當(dāng)你組織一項廣告活動時，有許多不同的方法能傳達你的信息。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P853)Your meaning didn’t really get across.
你的意思并未真正為別人理解。
②(朗文P865)It was difficult to get my idea across the committee.
很難讓委員會了解我的想法。
③To put his point across，my dad locked me out when I was late.
為了表明他的態(tài)度，我回家晚了爸爸就把我鎖在外邊。
④I ran across my old friend the other day.
那天我偶然見到了我的老朋友。
16．完成句子
(1)這個辦法很巧妙，能夠讓人理解他的意思。
This is a clever way of________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：getting his meaning across
(2)我總是設(shè)法讓你理解知識將會怎樣改變你的生活。
I am always trying to________ ________ ________to you how knowledge will change your life.
答案：get it across
(3)你的演講聽眾理解了嗎？
Did your speech________ ________ ________the crowd?
答案：get across to
(4)她不大善于表達自己的觀點。
She’s not very good at________ ________ ________
________.
答案：putting her views across
句型解析
1【教材原句】 If they want to become the market leader，the company must ensure that their product is of high quality.(P7)
如果他們想成為市場的主宰者，公司就必須確保他們產(chǎn)品的高質(zhì)量。
【句法分析】 of high quality屬于“of＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于形容詞，在句中可以作表語、定語或賓語補足語。
(1)當(dāng)“of＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞是抽象名詞時，相當(dāng)于其名詞所對應(yīng)的形容詞的意思，說明被修飾詞具有某種特征或?qū)傩�。常用的名詞有：use/importance/help/value/interest/benefit等。這些名詞前可用great，no，little，some，any，not much等修飾，以表示不同程度。
①The camel is of great help to the Arab.(＝The camel is very helpful to the Arab.)
駱駝對阿拉伯人有很大的幫助。
(2)當(dāng)“of＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞表種類、數(shù)量、度量等時，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此時名詞前通常有冠詞。常用的名詞有：size/type/kind/price/height/depth/length/weight/age/shape/colour等。
②The two are of an age，but are of different height.
這兩個人年齡相同，但身高不同。
(3)“of＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)還可以表示主語的根源關(guān)系，此時的名詞多是表示親屬、血統(tǒng)、種族、國籍以及出處的名詞，常用的名詞有：family/blood/race/origin等。
③We are of the same blood.我們是同一血統(tǒng)。
(4)“of＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)還可以表示人的特點、特性，常用名詞有：wealth/education/courage/achievement/ability等。
④Your sister is a girl of wisdom.
你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。
17．完成句子
(1)睡眠對恢復(fù)精力很有幫助。
Sleep is________ ________ ________for refreshment.
答案：of great help
(2)這是一件重要的事。
This is an important matter.＝This is a matter________ ________ ________.
答案：of great importance
(3)現(xiàn)在很多東西都是塑料做的。
Many things today________ ________ ________.
答案：are of plastics
(4)他和我同歲。
He and I________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：are of the same age
2【教材原句】 We must update our packaging in order to attract more young customers.(P13)
我們必須更新包裝以吸引更多年輕顧客。
【句法分析】 in order to“目的是……，為了”，作目的狀語，可以置于句首，又可置于句后。
(1)so as to引導(dǎo)的不定式短語一般置于句中，不可放于句首。
(2)只用to do也可作目的狀語，句首，句后皆可。
(3)in order to和so as to的否定形式分別是in order not to和so as not to。
(4)in order to和so as to后只能接動詞原形，如果后接目的狀語從句可用in order that或so that。
18．完成句子
(1)在中國為了舉辦北京奧運會，工人們建造了許多新的體育場館，比如鳥巢。
Workers built many new stadiums________ ________ ________/ (________ ________) ________hold the Beijing Olympic Games in China，for example，Bird’s Nest.
答案：in order to/(so as) to
(2)講清楚些，以便他們能理解你。
Speak clearly________ ________/________________ ________they may understand you.
答案：so that/in order that
(3)演講人提高了嗓門，以便別人能聽到。
The speaker raised his voice______ he could be heard by others.
答案：in order that/so that
作文指導(dǎo)
主動句和被動句的變換
什么時候用被動，什么時候用主動，主要是由陳述對象決定的。英語寫作中特別強調(diào)陳述對象的一致性，因此考生在選擇主動和被動時一定要慎重。
主動變被動
1．不需體現(xiàn)動作的執(zhí)行者
【佳句選粹】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
It will certainly produce a great change in the world’s communications. A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.
【分析】 本句強調(diào)“a great change”，使用被動語態(tài)會使其更符合英文表達。
2.需要強調(diào)動作的承受者
【佳句選粹】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
The earthquake destroyed many buildings and houses on May 12th,2008. Many buildings and houses were destroyed by the earthquake on May 12th,2008.
【分析】 為了強調(diào)“many buildings and houses”被毀壞，用被動語態(tài)更好。
3.保持陳述對象的一致，以求行文連貫
【佳句選粹】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
My mother’s words moved me，and I felt so ashamed for my stubbornness. I was so moved by my mother’s words，and I felt so ashamed for my stubbornness.
【分析】 為了保證兩個句子的主語一致，把第1個句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，以使句子連貫。
被動變主動
1．需要體現(xiàn)動作的執(zhí)行者
【佳句選粹】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
Now listening more to their children is paid more attention to by most parents，so they will understand them better. Now most parents pay more attention to listening more to their children，so they will understand them better.
【分析】 本句想表達“現(xiàn)在父母們更注重傾聽孩子們了”，因此句子要體現(xiàn)“most parents”的行為，因此用主動語態(tài)。
2.保持陳述對象的一致，以求行文連貫
【佳句選粹】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
If we don’t know how the wastes should be used，we can sell them to the recycling station. If we don’t know how to use the wastes，we can sell them to the recycling station.
【分析】 原文中if引導(dǎo)的從句中的賓語從句 (how the...used) 的被動語態(tài)導(dǎo)致 if 從句中前后陳述對象混亂，影響了句意的明晰和語言的流暢。