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      2. 高一英語第五單元Why do you do that ?

        發(fā)布時間:2016-1-24 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

        科目 英語

        年級 高一

        文件 high1 unit5.5.doc

        標題 Why do you do that ?

        章節(jié) 第五單元

        關鍵詞 內(nèi)容

        一、教法建議

        【拋磚引玉】

          同學們,你看我們生活的都市,高樓林立,車水馬龍,紅塵滾滾,擾攘紛紛。只有綠色才能抵消這種種的煩惱與不安,讓生活多一點舒適和暢懷。綠色植物可使人心曠神怡,綠色植物可減少二氧化碳,增加氧氣,使我們生存環(huán)境的空氣更加清新。如果我們能在工作或者學習之余培養(yǎng)一點栽花蒔草的興趣和愛好,將腦力勞動和體力勞動相結(jié)合,那將大大有益于健康,比吃什么營養(yǎng)補劑都更勝一籌。

          在本單元我們將學習一篇新聞報道,這是一個真實的故事。故事發(fā)生在印度北部、喜馬拉雅山南麓的一個村莊,記述的是婦女們造林、護林的感人事跡。婦女植樹造林看來只是小事一樁,但它有著深遠的意義。下面以森林為例來透視植物對我們的作用。

          森林不僅提供木材和其它林副產(chǎn)品,還在維持生態(tài)平衡、保護人類周圍環(huán)境中起重要作用。森林的社會效益,大大超過它的經(jīng)濟效益。森林是陸地最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。從面積上農(nóng)地占陸地面積 9.5% ,森林占29% , 森林占陸地面積最大。在各種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中,綠色植物都進行著光合作用,制造有機養(yǎng)料,把太陽能貯存在有機物中。在這方面,森林也居首位。森林維護生態(tài)平衡方面的最大功能是調(diào)節(jié)氣候。森林有增加降水、減輕霜害、減免冰雹等調(diào)節(jié)氣候的功能。此外,森林還具有防風、涵養(yǎng)水源、保持水土不易流失等作用。森林在保護和改善環(huán)境方面的作用,主要是制造氧氣、凈化空氣、過濾塵埃、殺滅細菌和消除噪音等。

          作為有理想、有抱負的中學生,學習本單元之后,應該認識到我國地域廣闊,發(fā)展林業(yè)有較為優(yōu)越的自然條件。但由于歷史的原因,我國森林覆蓋率只有 12 . 7% ,比世界上許多國家的森林覆蓋率都要少。所以防止亂砍亂伐,大力開展植樹造林,提高我國的森林覆蓋率,是擺在全國人民面前的一項重要任務。

         

        【指點迷津】

          A. 單元重點新詞透視

          1. sow (sowed , sown /sowed) 播種

           We sowed our vegetable seed yesterday .

           This field was not sown / sowed grain .

          測試要點:在寫作和閱讀中不要把 sow 與 sew (縫紉) 相混淆。sew 的過去式是 sewed , 過去分詞是 sewn / sewed 。

          2. feed (fed , fed ) 喂養(yǎng);飼養(yǎng)

           The patient can't feed himself yet . 病人還不能自己進食。

          。瑼lice , you feed the bird today , ?

          。瑽ut I fed it yesterday .

          A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you (答案B)

          Well fed , well bread . 吃得飽,懂禮貌。(諺語)

          測試要點:(1) 作及物動詞常用句型:feed + 食用者 + on + sth = feed + sth + to + 食用者 。用介詞 on 后的賓語是食用者的生存需要品。

          What do you feed your cat on ?

          The nurse fed these babies on cow's milk . = The nurse fed cow's milk to these babies .

          (2) feed + 食用者 + with + sth 。“用……喂……”,這里用with 表達喂時所用的工具。

          Mother fed her baby with a bowl .

          (3) feed 作不及物動詞時的?即钆涫牵篺eed (mainly) on (主要) 以……為食。

          Cattle feed chiefly on grass . 牛主要以草為食。

          3. fetch 去取;去拿

          I asked him to fetch me the evening paper .

          She rose and fetched a chair from the next room .

          Let's go and fetch some water .

          測試要點:區(qū)別 fetch ; take ; bring ; carry ; get

          fetch 側(cè)重動作的一去一回。get 側(cè)重從此處去把……找來。carry 側(cè)重肩挑、手提或者車船的拉運。take 側(cè)重從說話處把某物拿走,是 bring 的反義詞。bring 側(cè)重把某人或者某物從別的地方到說話處。

          Next time , bring your friends to our party .

          Do take this letter to the post office after work . 下班后務必把這封信送到郵局。

          對比:I will bring my mother back home from hospital this evening .

          今晚我要把母親從醫(yī)院里接回家。

          Let's have one more drink , and then I will take you back home .

          我們再喝一杯,然后我就送你回家去。

          Bus No. 18 carried us ti the railway station . 18 號公共汽車把我們送到了火車站。

          Shall I get a doctor for you ?

          Will you please fetch me some water ?

          4. percent = per cent 百分之……;每百中

          I am 100 percent in agreement with you . 我是完全同意。

          12 is 1 % of 1200 . 12 是 1200 的 1 % 。

          測試要點:(1) 增加到 百分之幾常用介詞 by 表達。

          The number of the students has increased by 15 % . 學生的數(shù)目已經(jīng)增加了 15 % 。

          (2) 百分數(shù)作主語,謂語同百分數(shù)后 of 短語的賓語相一致。當 of 后的賓語是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)時謂語用復數(shù),當 of 后的賓語是不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語用單數(shù)。有時謂語的形式還受句尾名詞的影響。

          Ten percent of the pupils are from South China . 百分之 10 的學生來自華南。

          對比:Ten percent of the time has been wasted . How he regretted ! 百分之十的時間被浪費掉了。他真后悔。

          This company can only supply 30 percent of what we need . 這個公司只能供給我們需要的 30 % 。

          80 % of the population in China are farmers . 中國 80% 的人口是農(nóng)民。

          5. operate 實施;負責;動手術;操作;經(jīng)營

          Do you know how to operate this sewing machine ? 你知道如何操作這臺縫紉機嗎?

          It is difficult to operate this car . 操作這輛車并不難。

          He operates such a large factory well . 他把這么大的工廠管理得井井有條。

          測試要點:動手術 operate on

          This well-known doctor will operate on the baby's eyes . 這位名醫(yī)將給那個嬰兒做眼部手術。

          6. free 免費的;有空的;自由的

          Are you free this weekend ? 本周末你有空嗎?

          測試要點:(1) set free 釋放;給以自由

          After many years' struggle , they were set free in the end .

          I hope you will set the poor bird free . 我希望你能放了這只可憐的小鳥。

          (2) free of charge 免費

          You needn't pay for it . It is free (of change . 你不必付款。那是免費供應的。

          7. guide 作動詞是“指導;引導”。

          Professor Wang guided him in studying history . 王教授指導他研究歷史。

          測試要點:guide 作名詞“向?qū);指南;入門”時,其后面常跟介詞 to 。類似的名詞還有:key , entrance , note , monument 紀念碑。

          Will you please buy me a guide to English grammar ? 你能給我買本英語語法指南嗎?

          Don't lose the keys to our classrooms , will you ? 不要把我們教室門上的鑰匙丟了,好嗎?

          8. purpose 目的;意圖

          What is your purpose in doing this exercise ? 你做這個練習有啥用意 ?

          His purpose in going to the US is to look for his uncle . 他美國之行的目的是找他的舅舅。

          測試要點:(1) “purpose of + 名詞”是表達“……的目的”。“purpose + in + doing”是表達“做……的意圖或者目的”。

          For what purpose do you want to go to the Great Wall ? 你要去長城的目的是什么?

          (2) on purpose = by design 故意的。by chance = by accident 偶然地

          It is not likely that he did it on purpose . 他不見得是故意做那件時的。

          I am sure that he comes here on purpose to borrow money from me once more . 我敢肯定的是,他來這里是為了再次向我借錢。

         

        B. 單元重點詞組掃瞄

          1. so that 做連詞是“以便;以致”,引導目的或者結(jié)果狀語從句。當引導的是目的狀語從句時,從句中常有情態(tài)動詞。

          Speak clearly so that we may understand you . 請說清楚點,以便我們能聽懂。

          They sent him to a hospital so that his mother would not have to look after him all the time .

          She started early so that she could get there in time .

          測試要點:(1) 辨別 so that 和in order that

          二者都可以表達目的,但在目前的 NMET 測試中仍考查 in order that 可以放在句首 , so that 不能。

          In order that she can catch up with the other students , she studies harder than ever . 為了趕上其他同學,它比以前更加努力學習了。

          He often tells lies , so that no one believes him .

          It was so cold that the river froze .

          對比:We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the news . 我們把收音機的音量調(diào)大,以便大家都能聽到新聞。 (目的狀語從句)

          We turned the radio up , so that everyone heard the news . 我們把收音機的音量調(diào)大了,結(jié)果大家都聽到了這條新聞。

          (2) so that 表達結(jié)果和 “so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + that ”表達程度有區(qū)別。

          He got up early so that he could catch the early bus . (表達目的)

          He got up so late that he missed the bus . (表達結(jié)果)

          (3) so that 引起目的狀語從句時,so 有時可被省略。引導結(jié)果狀語從句時, that 可被省略。

          Let's take the front seats (so ) that we can see clearly . (表達目的)

          All possible methods were tried , so (that) they were able to find out which was the best . (表達結(jié)果)

          2. grow up 長大

          When you grow up , what are you going to be ? 你長大后想干什么?

          測試要點:區(qū)別 grow up ; grow into ; grow out ; grow on / upon ; grow out of

          grow into 成長為;變?yōu)。He has grown into a fine young man . 他已成長為一位瀟灑的青年。

          grow out 腫脹;膨脹。He had his leg hurt and it began to grow out . 他腿部受了傷,開始腫脹了。

          grow out of 來自于;源于;變得不適合了。His troubles grew out of his carelessness . 他的煩惱來自于他的粗心大意。The boy grew out of this clothes . 這孩子長得衣服都不合身了。

          grow on / upon 逐漸加強;漸漸使人喜歡。 The wish to New York grew upon Miss Green . 格林小姐愈來愈想去紐約了。Football grew on Billy as he grew older . 隨著年齡的增長,比利對足球的興趣愈來愈濃。

          3. in the past 在過去 (注意時態(tài)用一般過去時)

          測試要點:區(qū)別in the past 與in the past few years , in the last few years , for the  past few years , over the past few years , during the past few years 這些都表達“在過去的幾年里”(注意時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時)

          What has changed in the past few years ?

          In the past , there were no trees left in or around the village .

          另外注意;at present 在目前;現(xiàn)在。in the future 在將來。

          4. A few of them 他們中的一些

           a few trees 一些樹

          注意:a few of the trees 樹中的一些

          5. since then 自從那以后(句子常用現(xiàn)在完成時)

          Since then great changes have taken place in China .

          注意:after that time 從那以后 (句子用一般過去時)

          After that time , many changes took place .

          6. knock down 拆掉;撞倒

          He almost knocked the boy down . 他險些把那孩子撞倒。

          測試要點:區(qū)別 knock down ; knock into ; knock over ; knock on ; knock out

          kno

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