科目 英語
年級 高一
文件 high1 unit6.doc
標題 A New Factory
章節(jié) 第六單元
關鍵詞
內容
一、教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
本單元圍繞在改革開放的中華大地上，一個又一個中外合資企業(yè)如雨后般的春筍一樣，蓬勃發(fā)展，這一切給更多的人提供了就業(yè)的機會，人民生活水平日益得到提高。在企業(yè)提高效益的同時，也給當地經濟的迅猛發(fā)展注入了活力。更值得令人驕傲的是，不少產品，如：小汽車、彩電、電冰箱等還通過飛機、輪船打入國際市場，給國家大量創(chuàng)匯。通過學習本單元，同學們會更加珍惜今天，只爭朝夕，發(fā)奮圖強，努力掌握現代化的科學文化知識，讓偉大的祖國在21世紀更加美麗、富強。另外注意學習如何使用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，為以后對時態(tài)的綜合運用打下堅實的基礎。
【指點迷津】
A.單元重點新詞讀音歸類
(1)[i:]least school-leaver (5)[i]minibus notice province company plenty
(2)[:]certain []certain supply (6)[]minibus company
(3)[ :]port abroad [ ]province job project (7)[ei]raincoat railway training
(4)[u]notice raincoat (8)[ai]supply 對比：[i]company plenty
B.單元重點新詞透視
(1)minibus n. 小型公共汽車。mini-是一個前綴，表示“小”，又如：minicab微型出租汽車，minicam小型照相機，minibikini ['mi'ki:ni]超短兩截式女游泳衣，miniskirt超短裙，迷你裙，mininum最小量
(2)notice n.布告；通知；注意 如：put up a notice saying“Wet Paint!”立一個“油漆未干”的布告牌/The library will be open only in the afternoon till further notice. 在另行通知以前，圖書館只在下午開放。leave without notice擅自離去，不告而別/take no notice of other’s advice不理會別人的建議
notice作動詞用意為“注意；（無意中）注意到；通知”；take notice of（有意）注意到。如I notice that he came earlier. (I notice him come earlier.)我注意到他來得較早。/This plane was noticed to take off at 6 o'clock.這架飛機被通知在6點鐘起飛。（本句也可理解為：有人注意到那架飛機是在6點起飛的。）
注意在測試中常把notice（注意到）歸類在使役動詞的行列，其后用不帶to的不定式作賓語表示完成性，用現代在分詞作賓語補足語表示進行性，用過去分詞作賓語補足語表示被動性。如：
I have noticed the guests come upstairs. 我注意到客人們都已上樓。
I notice the guests going in the direction of the hall.我注意到客人們正朝禮堂方向走去。
I notice the guests shown around our school.我注意到有人領著客人在參觀學校。
(3)job n.(可數名詞)工作。work n. (不可數名詞)工作。如：
The new factory will bring more jobs to our province.那座新工廠將給我省帶來更多的就業(yè)機會。
She has much work to do this week.本周她有大量的工作要做。
(4)supply vt.供應，供給；提供。supply sth to /for sb = supply sb with sth給某人提供某物。如：The car will be supplied to people all over the country.這些汽車將供應給全國各地的人使用。
The factory supplied us with some parts of the car.那家工廠給我們提供了一些汽車配件。
(5)abroad adv.到國外，在國外；到處，廣泛。如：
go abroad出國/ return from abroad從國外回來/The happy news soon got abroad.喜訊很快就傳開了。/at home and abroad國內外/So cars will be sent abroad by sea, will they?因此，汽車將由海路銷往國外。
注意下列在拼寫上容易與abroad混淆的詞：aboard上船（上飛機、上火車），board（木版），broad寬廣的。
另外，abroad為副詞，在動詞后不要再加介詞等。如：〖錯〗live in abroad 〖對〗live abroad。
(6)certain adj.(作定語)某種，某些；一定的。（作表語）確鑿的，無疑的；有把握的，可靠的。作代詞用，如：
Certain parts of the car, like the lights and the windows, will be supplied by other companies in our province.某些部件，如車燈和車窗將由我們省的其它公司提供。
for a certain reason 為了某種理由
She is certain to do well in the examination. 她這次考試肯定能考好。
Are you certain that you'll get there in time? 你有把握能及時趕到那里嗎？
for certain/sure 肯定的，make certain/sure +of; make certain/sure +從句 弄清楚。
Will you please make certain of the meeting? 請你把開會的日期弄清楚好嗎？
Please make certain when the train leaves. 請去弄清楚火車什么時候開。
注意在下列句式中certain和sure不能換用：It is certain(不用sure)that two plus two makes four. 2加2得4是確定無疑的。
(7)training n.訓練；培訓；培養(yǎng)；鍛煉。如：training college[英國]師范學院，training school職業(yè)學校，training center培訓中心
C.單元重點詞組掃描
(1)at least =at the least =not less than 至少(反義詞組：at most =at the most最多)
He is at least as tall as you. 他至少和你一樣高。
注意：not in the least =not at all, not a bit 一點兒也不
(2)spend +錢+on sth/ on doing sth 強調錢花在何處
spend +時間+(in)+-ing 在干……花費時間
spend +錢+for sth 強調錢交換的物品
spend +時間+to do 強調花時間的目的性（該用法不常見）
They will spend almost 100million yuan on Hope Project. 他們要在希望工程上投資一億元。
He spends a lot of money on helping friends. 他為朋友不惜花錢。
All her wages had been spent for medicine. 他的錢都花在了藥上。
The government spent plenty of money to help make the land better. 政府耗費巨資去改良土壤。
(3)by sea =by ship 乘船；由水路
類似表達：by land 從陸路，by e-mail 通過電子郵件，by water 從水路，by post通過郵寄，by air 坐飛機，by taxi 乘出租車，by telephone 用打電話，…… 注意不要在這類詞組中加定冠詞the。
(4)take a look at =have a look at 看一下，瞧一瞧
(5)begin…with…以/從……開始
Knowledge begins with practice. 認識從實踐開始。
Let's began the concert with a piano solo. 讓我們以一首鋼琴獨奏曲開始這次的音樂會。
注意：to begin with =first of all“首先，第一”為固定詞組作狀語，不要少了to. 如：
To begin with, I have a piece of good news to tell you. 首先，我告訴你們一個好消息。
(6)far away 遠離的；遙遠的(faraway作“遙遠的”的可放所修飾的名詞前或者名詞后)如：
The factory is far away from the centre of town.該家工廠離市中心很遠。
He will be sent to work in a faraway village (a village far away). 他將被派到一個遙遠的村莊工作。注意在表示具體的遙遠時不要用far。如：
My school is 3,000metres away from Beijing West Railway Station. 我的學校離北京西站有3,000米。
(7)set up (常用于單位、組織等的)建立；創(chuàng)辦；支起 如：They will set up a mew training centre. 他們要建一個培訓中心。
對比：put up (常用于高聳、具體有形的)建立；貼廣告；舉起；住宿，等。
More and more chimneys have been put up here.這里一座座煙囪拔地而起。
(8)do a lot of walking走很遠的路=walk a long way
(9)take/have a picnic =go on/for a picnic =go picnicking去野炊；去郊游
注意：picnic的過去式和過去分詞為picnicked，現在分詞為picnicking。
(10)agree on（在日期、條款、協議上）達成共識；商定；決定
對比：agree with同意某人，某物適合某人；在……一致
agree to同意干……；同意某事
What he does does not agree with what he says.他言行不一。
Finally they agreed on the date of the meeting.最后他們就會議的日期達成了一致意見。
Our headteacher has agreed to our plan for the holiday.班主任已同意我們的度假計劃。
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.動詞要在人稱和數方面與主語保持一致。
Chicken doesn't agree with me.我不愛吃雞肉。
I agree with you, but I don't agree with he said at the meeting.我同意你的觀點，但我不同意他在會上的發(fā)言。
(11)go out for a drive. 駕車外出兜風
(12)plenty of =a lot of, lots of 充足的；相當多的；綽綽有余的
注意plenty of可修飾可數名詞和不可數名詞，用于陳述句，在疑問句中一般用enough，在否定句中用many或者much。小心在plenty of前面沒有冠詞，不可誤記成a plenty of。如：You needn't hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙，剩下的時間很充足。
Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多運動會使你身體健康。
The students will have plenty of magazines to read in holidays. 在假期中學生會有大量的雜志閱讀。
(13)at the crossing(of)在……交叉點，在十字路口，在交會處
對比：at the crossroads在十字路口
(14)as soon as possible盡可能快（早）地
注意：該詞組中的possible不能換成probable, possibly等。另外小心as…as中間的形容詞和副詞的變化。
(15)as follows 如下：如同下述
My reasons are as follows. 我的理由如下。
The names of the football team are as follows: Tom, John, Jack… 足球隊員的名單如下：湯姆、約翰、杰克……
(16)start like this 可以這樣開始
D.大綱規(guī)定的單元日常核心交際用語指南
(1)How long have you had…？ 你已經……多長時間了？如：
How long have you had this car? 你這輛車買多久啦？=When did you buy this car? =How long ago did you buy this car?（因為“買”為非延續(xù)動詞）
(2)I say, let's… 我是說，咱們去……（I say為播入語）。如：
I say, let's go hunting this weekend, shall we? 喂，咱們本周末去打獵好嗎？
(3)We'll meet … 我們在……碰頭。如：
At seven o'clock tomorrow morning we'll meet at our school gate and go to visit the Red Star Farm. 明天早上7點鐘，我們在學校大門口集合去參觀紅星農場。
(4)Don't be late! 千萬不要遲到。
表達提醒(reminding)時的套用語還有：
Don't you remember me? 難道記不起我嗎？
Please don't forget to post the letter for me. 請不要忘記給我發(fā)這封信。
Do remember to be on time next time. 千萬記住下次要準時。
Be sure to bring your brother with you. 一定要把你弟弟帶來。
Be sure not to be late for the ball. 舞會千萬不要遲到。
Make sure/certain that lights are turned off. 務必把燈都關掉。
E.單元語法學習目標
復習一般現在時和過去時的被動語態(tài)，并學習一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。
對比：一般現在時的被動語態(tài)→am/is/are/get/become +過去分詞
一般過去時的被動語態(tài)→was/were/got/became +過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態(tài)→shall/will +be +過去分詞
例如： A new bridge will be built over the river.
(否定式)Some parts of the car will not be made in this factory.
(疑問式)Where will this book be put?
二、學海導航
【學法指要】
觀察能力與解題分析
一、提高觀察和分析能力，對提高解題能力是非常有幫助的。例如：
1.-- my glasses?
--Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
【簡析】解答此題應注意談話雙方各自的側重點。不難看出，問話人強調的是現在的結果，而答話人只單純談及過去的動作。通過這樣分析，就可找出正確答案應該是D。
二、是提高對語境的理解及活用語言的能力。例如：
2. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
【簡析】只看前一分句,四個選項都對,看了后一分句“但他還不十分肯定”，可知前面句子表達的是一種可能性，答案是B。
3.-Your phone number again? I quite catch you.
--It's 956844.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
【簡析】關鍵信息詞是again，它說明電話號碼已說過一遍，沒有聽清，要求對方重說一遍，沒有聽清的動作發(fā)生過了，該用過去時，答案是A。
三、留意習慣表達方式，重視情景會話、培養(yǎng)語言應用能力。例如：
4.-Let me introduce myself. I'm Albert.
-- .
A. What a pleasure B. It's my pleasure C. Pleased to meet you D. I'm very pleased
【簡析】介紹后被介紹一方的客套語，英語的習慣表達是：Pleased/Nice/Glad to see/meet you(很高興能認識你)。如按漢語“幸會”，“很榮幸見到你”等習慣表達，就會誤選A、B或D，最佳答案是C。
5.-Don't forget to come to my birthday party romorrow.
-- .
A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't
【簡析】祈使句及tomorrow一詞表明了將來時，答句也用將來時，故選B。
四、提高對固定搭配的識記與運用能力。
英語的動詞、介詞和詞組等有固定的搭配，是常考的內容。例如：
6.-The light in the office is still on.
--Oh, I forgot .
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
【簡析】forget的搭配有兩種情況：后跟不定式一般式，表示將來的動作。后跟動名詞表示已發(fā)生的動作�！盁暨�亮著”，就是“忘記去關燈了”，故選C。
7.If no one phone at home, ring me at work.
A. returns B. replies C. answers D. receives
【簡析】此題是動賓搭配。“接電話”的英語表達是“answer the phone”，故選C。
五、提高分析句子結構的能力。
有些題目，須根據題干的句法去推理，選出符合結構要求的答案。例如：
8.He asked for the violin.
A. did I pay how much B.I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
【簡析】賓語從句應是陳述句語序，故先排除A、C。又因賓語從句中疑問詞（詞組）應置于句首，所以選D。
9.She thought I was talking about her daughter. , in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A. Whom B. Where C. Which D. While
【簡析】分析題干結構，空格前后都是意思完整的句子，in fact為插入語。前后兩句內容表明是對照的并列句，應填表示轉折的并列詞while“然而”，答案選D。
六、排除干擾項，提高推斷能力。
可從人稱、數、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語形式、語氣、語序、名詞的數，慣用法，詞性、詞義、句法等語法范疇去著手排除。排除法適用于任何選擇題。例如：
10. from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is
【簡析】way是可數名詞，先排除A、C。感嘆句的句子結構是陳述句語序，應選D。
11.It's nearly seven o'clock, Jack be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
【簡析】從信息詞nearly和at any moment可推斷出題干意思是：“快七點鐘了，杰克一會兒就該到了�！庇纱丝蓮脑~義上一次性排除A、B和D。故選C，表示“有可能，應該”。
【妙文賞析】
Air is around us. We breathe it to stay alive.
To air a room is to make a room fresh by letting in air. To air clothes is to put them in the open air to make them dry.
Some radio stations are off the air from midnight to 6 a.m. the next day while others are on the air around the clock. Listen, the news is on the air. But the problem is still in the air.
The plural noun form “airs” has a very different meaning. Some give themselves airs after getting some success or by air. They even put on airs with their old friends.
【簡析】air作不可數名詞是“空氣”。air作動詞是“使通風：使干燥”。復數airs表示人在態(tài)度上顯示出的傲慢“架子”。air構成的詞組意義別具一格，如：in the open air在室外，off the air停止播音，give oneself airs神氣活現，put on airs擺架子，in the air在空氣中、懸而未決，on the air在廣播。
【譯文】
空氣與我們形影不離。我們呼吸空氣來維持生命。
使房間通風就是讓空氣進來，令房間空氣清新怡人。晾衣服就是把衣服放在室外通風處使之干燥。
有些電臺從午夜至第二天上午六時停止播音，另一些電臺則連續(xù)二十四小時廣播。
復數形式的airs（故作姿態(tài)）有著完全不同的含義。有些人取得一點成績或者坐過飛機后就神氣活現，他們甚至對老朋友也裝腔作勢起來。
【思維體操】
完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1─25各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。
It was a freezing day, when I picked up a wallet in the street. There was nothing 1 but a letter that was 2 Hellen. On the tom (撕破的) 3 I found the return 4 , so I called information. The operator asked me to 5 on, and she called back on the 6 soon. She told me that Hellen's family had 7 their house years ago. Hellen had to 8 her mother in a nursing home.
I called and found out that Hellen's mother had 9. The woman who answered 10 that Hellen herself was 11 living here.
The director (主任)waited for me at the 12 of the nursing home. I went up to the 3rd 13. Hellen was an old woman with a warm smile and 14 eyes. I told her about 15 the wallet and showed her the letter. She took a deep 16.“Young man,”she said, “this was the 17letter I had written to Mike sixty years ago. I loved him very much. I guess no one ever 18 up to him. I still think of him…”
I thanked Hellen and came back to the director. His secretary looked at the wallet 19 and said, “Hey, that's Mr. Goldstein's. He's always losing it. He's 20 here on the 8th floor. That's his wallet, for 21.We hurried to him and asked 22 he had lost his wallet. Mike felt his back 23 and then said,“Goodness, it's missing.”
When I returned him the wallet and told him where Hellen was, he grew24.“When the letter came,”he said,“my life ended. I never married!”
We took him to Hellen's 25 . They stood, looked at each other for a minute and embraced (擁抱)。
1. A. with B. here C. inside D. outside
2. A. sent for B. written to C. given D. signed(簽名)
3. A.. letter B. envelope C. wallet D. surface
4. A. home B. telephone C. date D. address
5. A. hold B. keep C. put D. go
6. A. way B. floor C. line D. time
7. A. bought B. sold C. moved D. built
8. A. carry B. place C. drive D. feed
9. A. left B. disappeared C. remarried D. died
10. A. explained B. thought C. discovered D. considered
11. A. willingly B. still C. now D. then
12. A. door B. house C. office D. end
13. A. storey B. floor C. step D. stair
14. A. rude B. freezing C. friendly D. lively
15. A. opening B. answering C. finding D. searching
16. A. dive B. sight C. bow D. breath
17. A. important B. oldest C. first D. last
18. A. went B. matched (匹配) C. got D. came
19. A. immediately B. clearly C. closely D. exactly
20 A. also B. too C. right D. still
21. A. sure B. pleasure C. help D. interest
22. A. that B. if C. where D. when
23. A. head B. trousers C. clothes D. pocket
24. A. sad B. silent C. pale D. anxious
25. A. floor B. office C. room D. home
參考答案：1─5 C D B D A 6--10 C B B D A 11─15 C A B C C
16--20 D D B C A 21--25 A B D C C
三、智能顯示
【心中有數】
本單元學習一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，其構成方式為：shall / will +be +過去分詞。使用中不要和情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)（can / must / need +be +過去分詞）相混淆。注意用一般將來時翻譯下列句子并由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，注意各種形式的變化。
1.他們將盡快修理我們的小轎車。
They will mend our car as soon as possible.→Our car will be mended as soon as possible (by them).
2.你將不能把這些字典再拿出圖書室。
You will not take these dictionaries out of the library again.→These dictionaries won't be taken out of the library again (by you ).
3.我們何時才能完成這么多的家務活。
When shall we finish so much housework?→When will so much housework be finished by us ?
除用“shall / will +be +過去分詞”表示將來時的被動語態(tài)外，還可用“be to be done, be going to be done, be about to be done”的形式表示。
【動腦動手】
1. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. will be served
2. I promise that this matter next week.
A. will be taken care B. will take care of well
C. will take good care D. will be taken care of
3. They are beginning the sports meet a wonderful basketball match tomorrow.
A. in B. at C. with D. for
4. How long have you the dictionary?
A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. found
5. We don't agree them the date of the class meeting.
A. with; to B. with; on C. to; to D. to; on
6. Try to be friendly to your classmates as possible.
A. so B. too C. as D. very
7. --What a nice present. Can I have a at it?
--Of course. Here you are.
A. taste B. try C. rest D. look
8. -- will they repair our bikes?
--In an hour.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How fast
9. An exhibition of paintings at the museum next week.
A. are going to hold B. is to be held C. is going to hold D. will hold
10. I still don't believe in ghost (鬼神). I've never seen one.
A. at first B. At the beginning C. At last D. At least
11. -- is it to that city by car?
--60 miles.
A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How quick
12. A new chemistry lab in our school next month.
A. is going to set up B. will be set up C. is to set up D. is about to be set up
13. -- is the population in you village?
--About two thousand, I think.
A. How much B. How many C. How large D. Whatever
【答案與解析】1.選B。茶里加牛奶和糖只是說明一種日常食用習慣，無將來的含義，故用一般現在時的被動語態(tài)。2.選D。從next week可知應是“被照料”，注意固定詞組中的介詞在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時不能省略。3.選C。begin…with…以……開始。4.選B。how long與延續(xù)性動詞連用，A、C、D都是非延續(xù)性動詞。5選B。agree with sb on sth在……與某人達成協議。6.選C。不考慮后部的as possible信息提示，其它答案也對，但as…as possible“盡可能……”為固定詞組。7.選D。have / take a look at瞧一瞧……8.選C。how soon“過多久以后才……”與表示將來時的in短語搭配。how often對句子中作狀語用的always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, now and then, every day, every other week, once a month, every two years, three times an hour等表示頻率的次數的副詞或詞組提問。how long對表示持續(xù)的狀語提問。如：He had to work for the boss from morning till night→How long did he have to work for the boss? 9.選B。主語是exhibition，下周暗示應用將來時的被動語態(tài)。10.選D。前部信息暗示表達“至少”。11.選C。how far對距離提問，從60 miles的距離概念上可以判斷出。12.選B。be about to do不與具體的時間狀語連用。13.選C。對人口的多少提問用how large或者what。
【創(chuàng)新園地】
本單元第24課和P86課后練習中要求學會寫通知，并且在第21課中已事先讓學生接觸通知的基本格式。通知分Notice（書面通知、布告、通告）和Announcement（口頭通知）。本單元要求學習書面通知的寫法。
Notice是上級對下級、組織對成員部署工作、傳達事情、召開會議所使用的文體。Notice一般張貼在布告牌上，或公共場所顯眼的地方以達到通告大家的目的。其寫法如下：
在通告的正文上方正中的位置寫上NOTICE（每個字母都大寫以求醒目），出通知的單位寫在正文結束的右下角。出通知的日期一般寫在正文結束的左下角。出通知的單位和時間也可省略。通知不寫稱呼，但正文里首先提到被通知的對象。通知也沒有結束語。通知的正文是主體部分，包括通知的對象、事由、時間、地點、要求等。Notice語言應力求簡潔明了、條理清晰、要求明確。
下面請你按說明的要求寫一個通知。
說明：學生會舉辦英語演講比賽（English-speaking Contest），請按下列要求寫一份100個詞左右的通知。通知發(fā)出的時間為1999年11月14日。內容要點如下：
1. 比賽目的：提高學生的口語水平
2. 參賽范圍：高一學生
3. 報名地點：學生會辦公室
4. 報名時間：1999年11月15日
5. 比賽地點：學校禮堂
6. 比賽時間：1999年11月20日
7. 組織單位：學生會
8. 評委與獎勵：特邀請5位英語教師擔任評委，獎勵前3名。
參考：學生會辦公室Student Union Office 組織organise 裁判judge
(同學們寫完后，可把你的書面表達反饋給我們。)
高中英語第1冊Unit 6
《創(chuàng)新園地》答案
NOTICE
In order to improve the students 1 spoken English, an English-speaking Contest among the students of Senior Grade 1 will be held in the school hall at seven p.m. on November 20th, 1999.The contest is organized by the Student Union. Those who would like to take part in it may sign up in the Student Union Office on the 15th November, 1999.Five English teachers will be invited to work as judges. The first three winners will gain prizes. All are welcome to join the contest.
November 14th, 1999
The School Student Union