科目 英語
年級 初三
文件 middle3 unit15.doc
標題 At home with the twins
章節(jié) 第十五單元
關鍵詞
內容
教學目標
1.詞匯
A.單詞
四會: right away, whether, for long, make friends, get on … with…mistake, make a mistake, dance, either, light, dark, take one’s time, cost, try … on
三會: lonely, fight, decide, wool(l)en, hang, cotton, expensive, soft
B.詞組/句型
right away It feels strange to do…
a twin sister for long
make friends with… get on (well) with…
mistake sb for sb make a mistake
feel the same on one’s birthday
light / dark green decide to do
birthday present make problems
fight about play with
try sth on have a look at …
take one’s time
2. 日常交際用語
Do we need some more … ?
Can you go and get some, please?
What can I do for you?
Do you like this one?
Can I try it on?
It’s (not) cheap enough.
I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.
Please take your time.
I can’t decide which one to buy.
3. 語法
由連詞whether或if引導的賓語從句.
教學重點與難點
1.need作為情態(tài)動詞和實意動詞的用法
need作為情態(tài)動詞僅用于否定句或疑問句;
用情態(tài)動詞must提問時, 否定回答用needn’t ;
用need做情態(tài)動詞提問時, 肯定回答用must .
I needn’t show her the answer to the question, need I?
我不必把這個問題的答案給她看, 是嗎?
“Must you finish your homework today?”
“你必須今天完成作業(yè)嗎?”
“Yes, I must”（“No, I needn’t.”）
“是的, 我必須今天完成.”（“不, 我不必今天完成.”）
“Need she go at once?”
“她馬上就得走嗎?”
“Yes, she must.”（“No, she needn’t.”）
“是的, 她必須馬上走.”（“不, 她不必馬上走.”）
need作為實意動詞有它作為動詞的多種形式, 可以用于各種
句型之中, 表示不同的意義.
實際上need較多地用于實意動詞, 較少用于情態(tài)動詞.
在表示過去意義時, 常用作實意動詞, 而不用作情態(tài)動詞.
“Does he need to wash his hands?”
“他要不要洗手?”
“Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.”
“是的, 他得洗. / 不, 他不必洗.”
Did they need to do it yesterday?
他們昨天需要做那件事情嗎?
We need to practise speaking English more often, don’t we?
我們需要多練習說英語, 是不是?
2.關于否定疑問句
否定疑問句一般用來表示驚異, 責難, 贊嘆, 邀請或建議等,
一般不要求對方用Yes或No來回答.
That’s really a great place. Don’t you go with us?
那真是一個奇妙的地方, 你難道不和我們一塊去? (驚異)
Why are you so late? Didn’t I tell you to come early?
你為什么來得這么遲? 我不是叫你早點來的嗎? (責備)
Isn’t the film interesting!
這部電影真是有趣極了. (贊嘆)
Won’t you have another cup of tea?
再喝一杯茶好嗎? (邀請或建議)
Mom, can’t Lily do it?
媽媽, Lily就不能做嗎? (責備)
有時對不太有把握的事情向對方提問, 也可以用這種否定疑問句;
這時答語應該和附加問句的答語一樣, 如果是肯定的, 要用Yes,
否則就用No, 這跟漢語的習慣很不相同.
“Aren’t you in Class Two?”“Yes, I am.”
“你不是二班的學生吧?”“不, 我是二班的.”
“Doesn’t she want to go?”“No, she doesn’t.”
“她難道不想去嗎?”“是的, 她不想去.”
3.so的兩種用法.
(…亦)如此, (…也)同樣
通常用于“so + 系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語”的句型中.
I was late and so was she.
我遲到了, 她也是.
“I am leaving now.”“So am I.”
“我現(xiàn)在要走了.”“我也要走.”
“I saw the film on TV. ”“So did I.”
“我在電視上看了那部電影.”“我也看了.”
“I can play tennis.”“So can I.”
“我會打網(wǎng)球.”“我也會.”
正是那樣,確是如此
通常用于“so + 主語 + 系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”的句型中.
“She is very good at swimming.”“So she is.”
“她很擅長游泳.”“不錯, 確實如此.”
“Tom often goes to school by bike.”“So he does.”
“湯姆經(jīng)常騎車去上學.”“不錯, 的確如此.”
“She’s made a mistake about me.”“So she has.”
“她誤會了我.”“她的確誤會了你.”
“She can help her mother with the cooking.”“So she can.”
“她會幫媽媽做飯”“是的, 她會.”
4.what引導的從句
what引導的是名詞性從句, 在復合句中可以做主語, 賓語, 表語.
它所引導的從句具有以下兩種意義:
what從句可以用來表示一種問題, 具有疑問概念.這種從句結構上
仍是一個特殊問句, 只是不用倒裝語序.
What she wants to say isn’t clear to us.
她想要說什么我們還不清楚.
I don’t know what he said at the meeting.
我不知道他在會上都說了些什么.
The problem is what we should do next.
問題是我們下一步該怎么辦.
What從句可以表示一種東西或事情, 不具有疑問概念.
一般翻譯成“（某人）所……的東西（事情）”
That’s what we need.
這正是我們所需要的(東西).
What I saw there is not easy to forget.
我在那兒所看到的(事情)是不易忘記的.
Do you still remember what she said?
你還記得她所說的話嗎?
The factory is quite different from what it was.
這家工廠與以前大不相同.
5.whether或if引導的賓語從句
whether或if引導的賓語從句引的是一般疑問句或選擇疑問句,
和疑問詞引導的賓語從句一樣, 從句的語序應為陳述句語序,
即whether/if + 主語 + 謂語.
“Lucy, can you go and get some tea?” she asked.
She asked Lucy if / whether she could go and get some tea.
她問Lucy是否她可以去拿些茶來.
He asked, “Are you a doctor or a teacher?”
He asked me whether I was a doctor or a teacher.
他問我是醫(yī)生還是教師.
6.lonely和alone的區(qū)別
alone是陳述一個客觀事實, 獨自一個人, 沒有同伴或助手.
Lonely則有濃厚的情感色彩, 表示“渴望伴侶”、“孤獨地, 寂寞地”
He was alone in the room when I saw him.
我看到他時, 他獨自一人在屋里.
He feels lonely when he is left alone.
只剩下他一個人的時候, 他就感到孤獨.
7.for long (副)長久(地) (用于否定句, 疑問句, if從句)
We won’t stay there for long.
我們不會在那兒長久停留.
Were you there for long?
你在那兒呆了很久嗎?
8.make friends with sb. 意思是“與某人交朋友”, 其中friends總是
復數(shù)形式.
My father likes to make friends with doctors.
我父親喜歡與醫(yī)生交朋友.
I decide to make friends with Tom.
我決定與湯姆交朋友.
9.get on/along with sb與(某人) 相處
How are you getting on with your classmates?
你與你的同學們相處得怎么樣?
We get on well with each other.
我們相處融洽.
He doesn’t get on well his teacher.
他與他的老師關系不好.
get on/along with sth. 在(某方面)進展或進行
How are you getting on/along with your study of English?
你的英語學習進展如何?
Things are getting on well here.
這兒情況很好.
Go and see how he’s getting on with his work.
去看看他的工作進展情況怎樣了.
10.mistake可以作動詞(vt.), 意思是“誤解…, 弄錯, 誤會”
mistake + n.
I mistook his meaning / what he meant.
我誤解了他的意思/用意.
I often mistake the date/ the address.
我經(jīng)常弄錯日期/住址.
mistake + n. + for + n. 把…誤為…
He often mistook me for my brother.
他經(jīng)常把我誤當作我的哥哥.
I’m sorry I mistook you for Mrs Li.
對不起我把你誤當作李太太了.
mistake可以作名詞, 意思是“錯誤, 過失, 誤解, 誤會”
make a mistake搞錯, 誤會
They call me Lily sometimes and I don’t always tell them they've
made a mistake.
他們有時叫我Lily, 但我并不每次對他們說他們搞錯了.
make a mistake犯錯誤, 出錯
Everyone may make mistakes in life.
每個人一生中都會犯錯誤.
You made many mistakes in your exercises.
你在練習中出了許多錯誤.
We should make as few mistakes as possible in our work.
我們在工作中盡可能的少出錯.
11.too, either和also表示“也”
too和also一般用于肯定句中.
too用于口語, 語氣較強, 放在句尾, 或作插入語放在句中.
also一般用于正式場合, 緊靠動詞.
either作為副詞表示“也”, 一般用于否定句中, 與too相對,放在句尾.
He will go to town tomorrow. I shall go, too.
他明天將進城去, 我也去.
He was in Beijing last summer, too.
去年夏天他也在北京.
I also went to the meeting.
我也參加了那次會議.
I’ve also read that story.
我也讀過那篇小說.
He is not in the classroom and he isn’t in the library, either.
他不在教室, 他也不在圖書館.
He didn’t go to school yesterday and she didn’t either.
昨天他沒去上學, 她也沒去.
12.decide表示“決定, 決心, 判斷, 推斷”
decide + to do / that… 決定做…
He decided to buy a new car.
= He decided (that) he would buy a new car.
他決定要買一輛新車.
She decided not to go.
= She decided that she (should) not go.
她決定不去了.
decide + wh- 決定…
I can’t decide which to take.
= I can’t decide which I (should) take.
我拿不定主意要選(買)哪一個.
13.take one’s time vi. 慢慢來
You don’t have to answer quickly. Please take your time.
你不必著急回答, 請慢慢考慮.
14.由疑問詞引導的不定式
疑問代詞what, which, whom或疑問副詞how, when, where可引導
一個不定式在句中作賓語. 這種結構往往可轉換成一個主從復合句, 不定式可改為一個由疑問詞引導的賓語從句.
I don’t know what to do next.
= I don’t know what I shall do next.
我不知接下來該怎么辦.
Have you decided which to choose?
= Have you decided which you should choose?
該挑選哪一個你作出決定了嗎?
Do you know whom to go with?
= Do you know whom you shall go with?
你知道和誰一塊去嗎?
He showed me how to start the machine.
= He showed me how I could start the machine.
他示范給我看如何啟動這臺機器.
Did she tell you when to have the meeting?
= Did she tell you when we should have the meeting?
她告訴你什么時候開會了嗎?
At last I got to know where to find his address.
= At last I got to know where I could find his address.
我終于明白在什么地方可找到他的住址.
15.cost, spend, pay和take的用法
Sth. + cost + sb. + money (某物)花了(某人)多少錢
This sweater cost me 100 dollars.
這件毛衣花了我100美元.
Sb + spend + money + on/for + sth. 花錢于….
I spent 100 dollars on this sweater.
我花了100美元買這件毛衣.
Sb + spend + time + (in) doing sth. 花多少時間來做…
I spent my summer vacation (in) reading and fishing.
我的暑假是在看看書和釣釣魚中度過的.
Sb + pay + (sb) + money + for + sth. 某人付給某人多少錢買某物
I paid (the shopkeeper) 100 dollars for this sweater.
我付給(店主) 100美元買這件毛衣.
It + take + sb + time + to do sth做某事花掉某人多少時間
It took me one hour to finish my homework yesterday.
昨天我花了一個小時來完成作業(yè).
同步練習
I. 找出與劃線部分讀音不同的單詞.
1. A. change B. make C. mistake D. dance
2. A. eighth B. either C. eighty D. eight
3. A. dark B. star C. hard D. war
4. A. heart B. clear C. hear D. dear
5. A. school B. moon C. wool D. food
6. A. weather B. leave C. head D. bread
7. A. rather B. together C. with D. think
8. A. enough B. cough C. laugh D. light
9. A. Britain B. chemistry C. dinner D. mind
10. A. whether B. whole C. who D. whose
II. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空.
1.I’m very pleased ________ (hear) that your wife will come to our get-together.
2.The tow shirts both look nice. I can’t decide which ________ (buy).
3.Whose turn is it ________ (give) a talk in class?
4.What are you usually doing while your parents _______ (watch) TV?
5.Can you tell me how much the radio ________ (cost) you?
6.I ________ (do) some reading when the light went out.
7.How many times ______ your parents ________ (visit) our school this year?
8.Where _______ you _______ (go) for your last summer holiday?
9.How soon ________ you ________ (be) ready for the journey?
10.I ________ (not stay) there for long.
III. 單項選擇
1.What have you decided to give your girl friend ________ her birthday?
A.at B. in C. with D. for
2.I’d better invite ________ .
A.both them B. all them
C. them all D. them of both
3.________ do you know they are fighting about?
A.How B. Which C. What D. Where
4.I don’t know how Sally ________ at school with her lessons.
A.gets up B. gets on C. gets out D. gets down
5.Sorry I mistook you ________ Mr Green.
A.with B. of C. by D. for
6.I don’t think a small thing like this ________ so much.
A.paid B. spent C. cost D. took
7.He still has no idea when ________ her the bad news.
A.tells B. telling C. will tell D. to tell
8.If you stay at school this Sunday, I ________ go anywhere ________ .
A.don’t, either B. don’t, too
C. won’t, either D. won’t, too
9.Everybody in our class went to help except you ________ .
A.and me B. or me C. and I D. or I
10.He didn’t think the shirt ________, so he didn’t buy it.
A.enough cheap B. enough expensive
C. cheap enough D. expensive enough
11.________ he told us about how to learn English well is really very important.
A.Which B. That C. What D. Where
12.Is this story the same as ________ in that newspaper?
A.what B. that C. it D. the one
13.I ________ go there this morning, so I stayed.
A.needn’t to B. didn’t need
C. didn’t need to D. needed not
14.“Aren’t you Mary’s sister?”“________. I’m her aunt.”
A.No, I am B. Yes, I’m not
C. No, I’m not D. Yes, I am
15.“Tom does very well in Chinese.”“____________”
A.He does it B. He does so
C. So does he D. So he does
16.She asked me whether ________ able to read and write in English.
A.was he B. he was
C. he could be D. could he be
17.“I’m sorry I’ve forgotten to bring you the letter.”
“Never mind. ________.”
A.I’m going to get it myself
B.I’m going and get it myself
C.I’ll go and get it myself
D.I’ll go to get myself
18.I ________ that piece of cake for two yuan.
A.spent B. cost C. bought D. took
IV. 完形填空
Have you ever seen snow? ___1___ people in the world have not. A lot of countries never have snow or they have it only on the tops of very high mountains. In Scotland and in the north or England, there is quite a lot of snow every ___2___ but in the south of England, there is usually ___3___.
When a student from ___4___ country like Malays (馬萊半島) or Indonesia (印度尼西亞) comes to Britain in autumn for the first time, he feels ___5___ at first. There are ___6___ dark clouds, gray sky and cold rain in Britain in autumn, and most students from warm countries ___7___ like this.
But snow is different. Although it is very cold, it is very beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of ___8___ in his room. He thinks, “Is it so ___9___?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is no very last. He ___10___ out of the window and there is the ___11___ , on the ground and on the roofs (屋頂) of the houses and ___12___. The light in his room came from that clean, beautiful white snow.
1. A. A lot of B. Much C. A little D.A lot
2. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
3. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
4. A. a cold B. a windy C. a warm D. a rainy
5. A. hot B. cold C. cool D. warm
6. A. often B. not C. no D. even
7. A. not B. does not C. do not D. have
8. A. light B. dark C. wind D. bright
9. A. early B. cold C. warm D. late
10. A. sees B. looks C. looks at D. sees for
11. A. wind B. rain C. snow D. fog
12. A.anywhere B. nowhere C. where D.everywhere