作者:郭克晴
在復(fù)合句中起定語(yǔ)作用、修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語(yǔ)從句,被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞(that, which , who, whom等)和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why等)引導(dǎo),位于先行詞之后。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。在這里我們只簡(jiǎn)單介紹關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法:
1.先行詞指物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞常用that或which。如:
China is a country which/that has a long history. 中國(guó)是個(gè)具有悠久歷史的國(guó)家。(which/that代替先行詞country,在從句中作主語(yǔ)。)
I always remember the stories which/that my mother told me during my childhood. 我總是記得童年時(shí)母親給我講的故事。(which/that代替先行詞stories,在從句中作told的賓語(yǔ)。)
2. 先行詞指人時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用who, whom, whose或that。
The students who studies hard is not afraid of the examination. 學(xué)習(xí)用功的學(xué)生不怕考試。(who代替先行詞student,在從句中作主語(yǔ)。)
This is the girl who/whom you want to see. 這就是你想見(jiàn)的那個(gè)女孩。(who/whom代替先行詞girl,并在從句中作see 的賓語(yǔ)。)
This is the boy whose bag was lost yesterday. 這就是昨天丟失了書(shū)包的那個(gè)男孩。(whose代替the boy's,在從句中作定語(yǔ)。)