單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 熟悉冠詞的用法
2. 熟悉I'm sure與I'm not sure…的用法
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析】
1. 舒特一家正在洗衣服。
誤：Shutes are doing the washing.
正：The Shutes are doing the washing.
析：英語中在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前加定冠詞the，指一家人或夫婦倆。
2. 今天天氣怎么樣?
誤：What's a weather like today?
正：What's the weather like today?
析：weather(天氣)一般用作不可數(shù)名詞，不能用不定冠詞修飾，如表示特指，可用定冠詞，也可用形容詞來修飾。
3. 湯姆是你個子最高的弟弟。
誤：Tom is the your taller brother.
正：Tom is your tallest brother.
析：在“the+形容詞最高級”結(jié)構(gòu)中，the不能省略，如形容詞有指示代詞、物主代詞、名詞所有格修飾時，定冠詞就必須省去。另外，副詞最高級前的the可以省略。如：Which day do you like best?
4. 她是兩個女孩中年齡較小的。
誤：She is younger of the two girls.
正：She is the younger of the two girls.
析：比較級前一般不使用定冠詞，但如果給定了比較范圍僅有兩個比較對象時，就要加定冠詞。
5. 我們正在欣賞一部非常精彩的電影。
誤：We are seeing the most wonderful film.
正：We are seeing a most wonderful film.
析：此句不表示比較， 譯為“很、非�！�。
6. 老師的桌子在教室的前面。
誤：The teacher's desk is in front of the classroom.
正：The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom.
析：in front of指在某人或某物范圍之外的前面；in the front of指在某一物體范圍之內(nèi)的前部。
7. 第一課。
誤：The lesson one.
正：Lesson one.
析：基數(shù)詞用在名詞后起序數(shù)詞作用時，所構(gòu)成的詞組不用定冠詞。
另外，還需注意“有無冠詞意不同”。如：
young年輕的，the young年輕人；in hospital生病住院，in the hospital住在具體哪家醫(yī)院，go to bed 上床睡覺，go to the bed到床那兒去；go to school 上學(xué)，go to the school 到學(xué)校去；other指不定范圍中的另一個，the other指兩者中的另一個。
【命題趨勢分析】
1. It's time for supper now. Let's it. (江西)
A. stop to have B. stop having
C. to stop to have D. stopping to have
2. It's too hard. Why the farmer for help? (浙江)
A. not to ask B. don't ask C. ask not D. not ask
3. The teacher told us in the street. It's dangerous. (包頭)
A. to play B. not play C. playing D. not to play
4. -Will you please us a story, Miss Gao?
-OK. Shall I it in English or in Chinese? (山西)
A. tell; speak B. talk; speak C. tell; say D. talk; say
5. -What are the girls doing?
-They're the music. (北京)
A. listening to B. talking with C. coming from D. looking for
6. Please before you cross the road. (安徽)
A. look up B. look yourself C. look around D. look again
7. -I'm afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please him to turn it down ?
-Sure. (寧波)
A. make B. let C. ask D. keep
8. The ticket is on the floor. Please . (吉林)
A. pick up it B. pick up them
C. pick it up D. pick them up
答案及簡析：1. A。stop to do sth. 意為“停下來去做某事”。let后接不帶to的不定式，故C錯了。2. D。“Why not+動詞原形”意為“為什么不……? ”。3. D。tell sb. not to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)意為“叫某人不要做某事”。4. C。這四個動詞中，只有tell后可接雙賓語；“用某種語言說某事”應(yīng)用“say sth. in+語言名詞”表達(dá)。5. A�！奥犚魳贰奔磍isten to the music。6. C。根據(jù)情景，只有l(wèi)ook around(環(huán)顧四周)符合題意。7. C。ask sb. to do sth. 意為“請某人做某事”。let，make的賓語后用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，keep后應(yīng)接v-ing形式。8. C。指代前句中的單數(shù)名詞ticket時，顯然只能用it，故排除B、D；pick up的賓語為代詞時，代詞只能位于動詞后、副詞前。
核心知識
【常用詞匯積累】
名詞 Basic billion bridge future golf painter Seattle software sound Haward joke Microcomputer microsoft million programme Speaker JB tool T-shirt University Washington
動詞 made improve lie lose spend
形容詞 interested large lucky personal pleased unlucky unusual upstairs usual
詞組 be interested in, in the end, in the future, play a joke on, look out.
語氣詞 OK
【基礎(chǔ)知識精講】
1. It must be very interesting. 它一定很有趣。
must 這里為情態(tài)動詞，表示“猜測”，可能性非常大。must+之后要用動詞原形。
2. It's written by Bill Gates. 它由比爾蓋茨寫成。
be written 這里是一個被動結(jié)構(gòu)。written是write的過去分詞，被動結(jié)構(gòu)可翻譯為“由… ”“被…”如：
He was told to go to school. 他被告知去學(xué)校。
3. It tells us how computer technology can solve business problems in new ways.
它告訴我們電腦技術(shù)怎么能用新方式解決商業(yè)問題。
4. I don't think you'll like if. 我想你不會喜歡它。
這種結(jié)構(gòu)一般是主句加以否定，從句不再否定，如：
I don't think chicken can swim. 我想雞不會游泳。
5. It was one of the best-sellers of the New York Times.
它是紐約時報(bào)上最暢銷的書之一。
6. It seems to be an interesting book. 它像是一本有趣的書。
seem是系動詞。
7. Some of my classmates are interested in Bill Gates.
我的一些同學(xué)對比爾蓋茨感興趣。
be interested in 對……感興趣。如：
I'm very interested in English. 我對英語非常感興趣。
interesting interested
interested是指某事物本身具有吸引人的東西，如：
It's an interesting book.
interesting是指其他人或事被吸引。如：
He's interested in playing computer games.
8. I'm sure you'll like her. 我確信你會喜歡她。
I'm sure 我確信…… 如：
I'm sure he'll come.
9. I didn't know he could write books. 我不知道他還會寫書。
這里用didn't有“我原以為…”的意思，如：
I didn't know you were at home.
我不知道你在家 (有“我原以為你不在家”的意思)
10. Gates was named William Henry after his father and grandfather.
依據(jù)他的父親及祖父，蓋茨叫威廉姆享利。
這里的after有依據(jù)……之意。
11. His favourite subjects at school were science and maths.
在學(xué)校，他最喜歡的學(xué)科是科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)。
science 科學(xué) scientist科學(xué)家
12. When he was 13 years old, Bill started to play with computer.
當(dāng)他13歲時，比爾蓋茨開始玩電腦。when這里是一個時間狀語從句。
13. He and some of his friends spent lots of time doing unusual thing with it.
他和他的一些朋友花費(fèi)大量時間用它做不尋常的事情。
with這里是用什么工具的意思。如：
He wrote the letter with a pencil.
14. At Harvard, he developed the BASIC language for the first microcomputer.
在哈佛，他為第一臺微電腦發(fā)明了BASIC語言。
15. They thought that the computer would be a very important too in every office and in every home, so they began developing software for personal computers.
他們認(rèn)為電腦應(yīng)該成為每個辦公室和每個家庭的一種非常重要的工具，因此他們開始為個人電腦開發(fā)軟件。
16. I think it's next week, but I'm not sure.
我想是下星期，但我不敢確定。
17. It's very popular this year. 今年非常流行。
18. He also liked to play jokes on his friends.
他也喜歡同他的朋友開玩笑。
play a joke on. 同某人開玩笑。
19. He likes to lie on the floor under the seat.
他喜歡躺在椅子下的地板上。
lie 躺 lay 過去式 lying現(xiàn)在分詞
lay 下蛋，產(chǎn)蛋 laid過去式
典型例題
【課本難題解答】
1. They usually TV in the evening. (北京)
A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches
2. We'll stay at home if it this afternoon. (吉林)
A. rain B. rains C. to rain D. raining
3. -Where's Li Lei?
-He his sports shoes in the room. He football with his friends. (江西)
A. is putting on; is playing B. puts on; will play
C. is putting on; will play D. put on; played
4. In front of the bedroom a small garden. (鹽城)
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5. - I take the newspaper away? (安徽)
-No, you mustn't. You read it only here.
A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must
6. -Must I write all the words down now? (天津)
-No, you .
A. mustn't B. can't C. won't D. needn't
7. The poor man needs our help, he? (河北)
A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't
8. Let's go to the island, ? (寶雞)
A. won't you B. will you C. shall we D. will we
9. Alice has to finish her work now, ? (河南)
A. has she B. hasn't she C. does she D. doesn't she
10. The boy enjoys the radio in the morning. (吉林)
A. listening B. listening to C. listen to D. to listen
答案與簡析：1. A。句中有usually一詞，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。2. B。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。3. C。上句情景提示下句第一空應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；后一句的動作在說話時尚未發(fā)生，故用一般將來時。4. A。本題屬倒裝句，主語在后。因主語不是某人，故不能用表示“某人有”的have或has。5. B。上句表示請求。故用may 。6. D�；卮鸨硎居袩o必要的must問句時，否定回答用needn't。7. D。前句中的needs明顯屬 行為動詞，不是情態(tài)動詞，故排除A、B。8. C。Let's…shall we? 意為“讓我們……好嗎? ” 9. D。have(has)to意為“必須”，其否定式用don't/doesn't have to，故本題變反意疑問句時應(yīng)先排除A、B。10. B。enjoy后接v-ing形式。
【閱讀分析點(diǎn)撥】
Last year I went to America. I stayed there for half a year. I found most Americans had three meals(餐) a day. They had breakfast in the morning, a light lunch at noon, and a big dinner in the evening. They often had breakfast and lunch in a hurry, but they had more time for dinner. Americans usually drank a lot of water, a lot of milk, and a lot of coffee, but they did not drink much tea.
Some Americans liked to have meals in a cafeteria(自助餐廳). They could go there for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. In the cafeteria a person(人) first took a knife, a fork(叉)， a spoon(勺), and a napkin(餐巾). Then he went to a long counter( 柜臺). He could see all the food there. He chose his meal and put it on his big plate. Then he paid (付賬)for it and carried his big plate to a table. People liked this self-service, for the meals were not very expensive in a cafeteria; they were more expensive in a restaurant.
( )1. Americans had three meals a day.
A. Every B. All
C. The greater part of D. Each
( )2. They .
A. didn't have dinner in a hurry.
B. had dinner in a hurry.
C. didn't have time for dinner
D. had little time for dinner
( )3. Most Americans preferred .
A. tea to coffee B. tea to milk
C. drinking tea or drinking water
D. coffee, milk and water or tea
( )4. Foods in a cafeteria cost(花) than those in a restaurant.
A. fewer B. less C. more D. a lot
( )5. In a cafeteria .
A. a waiter would serve(為…服務(wù))you
B. customers(顧客) could ask waiters to help them
C. there was no waiter
D. customers served themselves
【關(guān)于“Unit 23 A famous person”的常見問題】
常見問題1: Unit 23
問題：
1. Who will teach English next term(學(xué)期)?
A. we B. us C. ours D. ourselves
2. Eating more vegetables will keep you .
A. health B. fat C. week D. healthy
3. -Did you have a good time last night?
-Yes. We all enjoyed very much.
A. us B. yourself C. ourselves D. ourself
4. Please help to some chicken, Kate.
A. you B. yourself C. your D. yours
5. The doctor asked me in bed for two days.
A. stay B. to stay C. stays D. staying
6. It's getting dark. We'd better a bus home.
A. took B. taking C. to take D. take
7. Don't the queue at the bus stop.
A. take B. jump C. have D. do
8. There are no buses. We walk home.
A. may B. must C. have to D. must to
解答:
1. B。在teach(give, show, buy)sb. sth. 中，sth. 是直接賓語，sb. 是間接賓語，故用賓語。
2. D�！発eep+賓語+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞是賓補(bǔ)，結(jié)合句意，故選D。
3. C。enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得很高興。
4. B。help oneself to sth. 隨便吃些……
5. B。在ask(tell, want, teach…)sb. to do sth. 中，不定式作賓補(bǔ)。
6. D。had better是情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形。
7. B。jump the queue不按次序排隊(duì)。
8. C。must “必須”，它表示主觀愿望或看法。have to“不得不”，它表示由于客觀原因 不得已而為之。