【單元知識(shí)綱要】
類(lèi)別
語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目
備注
語(yǔ)
音
[k]c k ck [kw]qu
[f]f ph
詞
匯
單詞見(jiàn)[常用單詞積累]
掌
握
Say goodbye to, all the time
Be born, at first, Good luck(with…)!
Go on a trip, enjoy doing all day
Talk about, fly to, the next morning
日
常
交
際
用
語(yǔ)
Did you pack your bags last night?
Yes, I did.(No, I didn’t).
掌
握
運(yùn)
用
When did I get up this morning?
You got up at 6:45.
What did she do for her husband last year?
She invented the memory robot.
Who else often asked the robot questions?
Susan did.
When were you born?
I was born on May 18,1987.
How long did you live there.
I lived there for …
Why did you move there?
Because my father found work there.
They came to say goodbye to us.
Good luck with your Chinese.
語(yǔ)
法
一般過(guò)去式（二）
行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式
掌
握
核心知識(shí)
【常用單調(diào)積累】
memory，robot，pack，glass（pl.）wear，dry umbrella，because，trip，wife，husband，newspaper，useful，scientist invent，year，forget，important，follow， everything, meal, sleep, question, answer, why, parents, so-so, hard, great, luck, France, England, London, April, Monday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, hate, everywhere, agree, painting, airport.
Go on a trip, say goodbye to, start(begin) doing, go for a walk, all the time, talk to(with), watch sb. do sth. each other, try to do sth., enjoy doing sth., at first, Good luck with…, most of…, find work, move to…, how long, be born, fly to, the next morning, all day, talk about, remember to do, at a meeting, buy-bought, get-got, come-came, go-went, read-read, forget-forgot, see-saw, know-knew, can-could, find-found, say-said, fly-flew, meet-met, leave-left.
【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講】
1.Mr Mott is going on a trip.莫特先生正準(zhǔn)備去旅行。
(1)is going on a trip這里是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示的將來(lái)。英語(yǔ)中類(lèi)似這樣用法的動(dòng)詞還有：leave，start，come， arrive等。He’s coming soon.（他很快就來(lái)。）
（2）go on表示“去（訪問(wèn)、旅行等）”例：
①We’re going on a picnic tomorrow.明天我們準(zhǔn)備去野餐。
②They decided to go on a visit to the seaside.
他們決定了要去海邊看一看。
2.Did he pack his glasses？他把他的眼鏡裝箱了嗎？
glasses作“眼鏡”講，它是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以它的答語(yǔ)是No. He’s wearing
them.不，他正戴著呢！若指“一幅眼鏡”應(yīng)用a pair of glasses.
3.So he asks his robot for her.所以他向機(jī)器人詢(xún)求幫助。
ask…for的用法見(jiàn)Unit 6［基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講］4。
4.When did we finish packing？
我們什么時(shí)候整理行裝完畢？
finish結(jié)束，完成，后接動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞名詞（v－ing）表示“做完某事”如：
①I(mǎi) finished reading the book last night.
昨天晚上我看完了這本書(shū)。
②Do you finish mending the bike？
你修理完了自行車(chē)嗎？
5.Did we start packing my bags？
我們開(kāi)始打包嗎？
start開(kāi)始，其后可跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞，意為“開(kāi)始于某事”例：
①The student start to have their lessons at eight every morning.
學(xué)生們每天早上8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始上課。
②The little boy started to cry after his mother left.
小男孩的母親走后，他就開(kāi)始哭了起來(lái)。
③It started raining.開(kāi)始下雨了。
6.The memory robot followed Mr. Mott all the time.
智能機(jī)器人總是跟隨著莫特先生。
（1）follow這里是“跟隨”的意思。例：
①He followed me up the stairs.他一直跟隨我到樓上。
②The child followed her mother about all day long.
這個(gè)小孩整天都跟著她媽媽。
follow還可作“跟著到來(lái)”；“聽(tīng)懂，理解”，例：
①Spring follows winter.冬去春來(lái)。
②I don’t follow what you said.我不太懂你說(shuō)的話。
③Do you follow me？你理解我的意思嗎？
（2）all the time.一直，總是。
He is a businessman all the time.他一向是做生意的。
7.When were you born？你是什么時(shí)候出生的？
I was born on May 18，1987.我生于1987年 5月 18日。
（1）be born出生、生于，常常用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中。
例：Tom was born in England.湯姆出生于英國(guó)。
I was born in a small village in Wuhan.
我出生于武漢市的一個(gè)小村莊里。
但 be born有的也用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)中。
A boby will be born tomorrow morning.
明天上午將會(huì)有一個(gè)小孩出生。
be born還可以引伸為“誕生”
New China was born on October 1st，1949.
新中國(guó)誕生于1949年10月1日。
（2）at，on，in作介詞，都可用于表時(shí)間，但是on用于某一特定的日期或某天的上、下午，晚上。
如：on September 1st，2O01.在 2001年 9月 1日
on Teachers’ day在教師節(jié)這天
on Sunday morning在星期日上午
in指較大的時(shí)間，用于年、月、季、上午、下午、晚上等。如 in 1999，in July， in Summer，in the evening.
at指時(shí)刻如：at 6：00， at that time（在那時(shí)）
8. Good luck with your Chinese.祝你的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)好運(yùn)。
Good luck！祝你好運(yùn)！用以鼓勵(lì)，表示盼望有好運(yùn)等。
例：①Happy New Year and good luck！新年好，祝你好運(yùn)！
②A：Did you win？ 你們贏了嗎？
B：Yes，we are the first. 是的，我們第一名。
A：Good luck. 好運(yùn)氣。
Bad luck！倒霉，運(yùn)氣不好。用以表示同情。
例： A：Did you go to the park with your classmates last Sunday？
上星期天你和班上同學(xué)一起去了公園嗎？
B：No，I was ill and had to stay at home.
沒(méi)有，我病了，不得不呆在家里。
A：Bad luck.真倒霉。
9.He talked about English teaching in Japan.
他談?wù)摰搅嗽谌毡镜挠⒄Z(yǔ)教學(xué)。
talk about談?wù)�，談到，例�?/p>
The students are talking about the film.
學(xué)生們正在談?wù)撾娪啊?/p>
1O.He couldn’t remember what they said.
他沒(méi)能記住他們所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。
What they said是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 their words.例：
Do you understand what I said？
你懂得我講的話嗎？
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析】
1.Wear和 put on的區(qū)別
（1）wear=be in表示穿著的狀態(tài)，意為“穿著，戴著”。
We always wear warm clothes in winter.
冬天我們總是穿著暖和的衣服。
Many of the students wear glasses now.
現(xiàn)在學(xué)生中很多人都戴眼鏡。
（2）put on穿（上）戴（上），表示穿戴的動(dòng)作。
He put on his coat and went out.
他穿上外套就出去了。
We put on clothes when we get up in the morning.
我們?cè)绯科鸫矔r(shí)，穿上衣服。
2.They came to say goodbye to us.他們來(lái)是向我們道別的。
（1）to say…是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。
①He went to the seaside to spend his holiday.
他去海邊度假了。
②We came here to visit our friends.
我們來(lái)這兒看望我們的朋友。
（2）say goodbye to sb.向某人告別，類(lèi)似的表達(dá)還有：
say hello to sb.向某人問(wèn)候
say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉
say no to sb.拒絕某人
3.It listened to everything he said. It saw everything he did.
它傾聽(tīng)他所說(shuō)的每一件事。它看見(jiàn)了他做的每一件事。
（1）Listen to聽(tīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽(tīng)”的動(dòng)作。 hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，側(cè)重于聽(tīng)的結(jié)果。
①He tried to listen to me. But he heard nothing.
他試圖聽(tīng)我說(shuō)話。但是他什么都沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。
②A：Did you listen to the radio yesterday evening？
B：Yes，We listened for about 3 hours and heard “San Gao” singing in the Forbidden City.
A：你們聽(tīng)了昨晚的收音機(jī)嗎？
B：是的，我們聽(tīng)了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)，聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了“三高”放歌紫禁城。
（2）everything he said／he did.中的 he said， he did是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞every thing.
4.It watched him talk to his students.
它觀察到了他和他學(xué)生交談。
watch sb. do sth.看到某人做某事。在英語(yǔ)中l(wèi)et，watch，see，make，hear 等感觀動(dòng)詞和使投動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)的不定式不帶to。
Did you watch them come into the classroom？
你們看見(jiàn)他們進(jìn)入教室嗎？
②Let him finish his homework first.讓他先做完作業(yè)。
③I saw her dance in the party.
我看見(jiàn)她在晚會(huì)上跳舞。
（2）talk to/with和…交談
5.We lived there for about nine years.我們?cè)谀抢锞幼×司拍辍?/p>
介詞for表示一段時(shí)間，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用“How long”.意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，多久”。
例：
How long did you learn English in this school？
你在這個(gè)學(xué)校學(xué)英語(yǔ)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？
I learned English in this school for 2 years.
我在這所學(xué)校學(xué)了兩年英語(yǔ)。
6. De you enjoy living here？你喜歡在這兒生活嗎？
enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth.享受做某事的樂(lè)趣，喜歡做某事。
I like swimming=I enjoy swimming.我喜歡游泳
enjoy oneself=have a good time.過(guò)得愉快、玩得高興
①Did you enjoy yourself yesterday？你昨天過(guò)得愉快嗎？
②They had a good time in the summer holiday.暑假他們玩得非常開(kāi)心。
7.Why did you move there？
為什么你們搬到那里？
Because my father found woke there.
因?yàn)槲业陌职衷谀莾赫业搅斯ぷ鳌?/p>
（1）move搬動(dòng)，遷移，與它相關(guān)的詞組有：
move to搬到，move away搬開(kāi)
move on繼續(xù)向前移動(dòng)，move in搬運(yùn)
（2）由why引出的詢(xún)問(wèn)原因的特殊疑問(wèn)句，常用because回答。
①Why was he late yesterday？ Because he got up late.
昨天為什么他來(lái)遲了？因?yàn)樗鹜砹恕?/p>
②Why didn’t she come to our party？ Because she had a lot of homework to do.
她為什么不來(lái)參加我們的宴會(huì)？因?yàn)樗性S多功課要做。
8.My Chinese is so-so. At first I found it hard，but now I can understand most of the lessons.我的中文一般。開(kāi)始我發(fā)現(xiàn)它有點(diǎn)難，但是現(xiàn)在我能弄懂大部分課程。
（1）so-so，一般的
（2）at first首先，開(kāi)始，其反義詞為 at last最后、終于
（3）句中it作found的賓語(yǔ)，hard = difficult作it的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，例：
①I(mǎi) found the book interesting.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書(shū)很有趣。
②Tom’s mother found him a good pupil.湯姆的媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。
由此可知： find+名詞（代詞）+形容詞（形容詞+名詞）
↓ ↓
賓 賓補(bǔ)
9.There he flew to Beijing with the robot.
然后他和機(jī)器人一起飛往北京。
fly to…=go to…by plane乘飛機(jī)去……
①Jim flies to England three days ago.三天前吉姆乘飛機(jī)去英格蘭了。
②My father often flies to Shanghai on business.
我的爸爸經(jīng)常乘飛機(jī)去上海出差。
10.all day整天，比較all the time一直，始終
all day=all day long
11.next week和 the next week的區(qū)別
next week下周，和一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用
the next week第二周，緊接著的一周，和過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用。
12.Did you pack your bags last night？
你昨天晚上整理了你的旅行包嗎？
動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的表達(dá)，除be動(dòng)詞外，其他動(dòng)詞都沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。其否定句、疑問(wèn)句中都要用助動(dòng)詞did，did之后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用原形。一般疑問(wèn)句的回答也用did。
現(xiàn)以work為例將行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)列表如下：
動(dòng)詞
肯定式
否定式
work
I(You, He, She, It, We, You, They)worked
I(You, He, She, It, We, You, They)did not(didn’t) work.
動(dòng)詞
疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)
work
Did I work?
Yes, You did.
No, You didn’t
Did you work?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t
Did he(she,it)work?
Yes, he(she,it) did.
No, he(she,it) didn’t.
Did we work?
Yes, we(you) did.
No, we (you) didn’t
Did you work?
Yes, we did.
No, we didn’t.
Did they work?
Yes, they did.
No, they didn’t
典型例題
【課本難題解答】
練習(xí)冊(cè)P123第4題
此題用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，注意一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞。
1.plays，rained，play，was
2.am，was，cleaned，washed，planted，went
3. is，like，tries，cooked，was
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞和短語(yǔ)常用：usually、often、sometimes、on Sunday、in the morning、every morning等。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)則常用具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間，如yesterday， last week， two days ago，at that time等。
【有關(guān)"Unit 9 The memory robot" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 36
前言
Properties: Recorder
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
Teaching Objectives:
Students should master how to ask and direct ways to different places, and the pronunciation of [k] and [kw]
Language Focus:
The ways of asking ways:
1. Where is the nearest…?
2. Which is the way to…?
3. Can you tell me the way to…?
4. Do you know the way to…?
5. I am looking for…, do you know where it is?
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)過(guò)程
【關(guān)于“Unit 9 The memory robot”的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題】
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題1: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元1
問(wèn)題：
A：Who ____ the door？
B：Tom ____.（山東中考題）
A. broke breaks
B. broke，did
C. breaks，breaks
D. breaks, do
解答:
分析 答案是B，“誰(shuí)把門(mén)打破了”應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中did為助動(dòng)詞代上文中的“broke the door.”
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題2: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元2
問(wèn)題：
Mr. Jiang ____（teach） us Chinese last term.（湖北黃岡市中考題）
解答:
分析 答案是taught.此句給了明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) last term句子應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題3: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元3
問(wèn)題：
Children always enjoy ____picture books.（吉林省中考題）
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
解答:
分析 答案是C，enjoy + doing喜歡做某事，enjoy之后只能接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題4: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元4
問(wèn)題：
I was born ____ August，1985.（吉林省中考題）
A. at B. on C. in D. to
解答:
分析 答案是C，August是月份，是大概念的時(shí)間，用in.
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題5: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元5
問(wèn)題：
All of us found ____ difficult to work out the maths problem.（黑龍江中考題）
A. it B. that C. which D. what
解答:
分析 答案是A,動(dòng)詞不定式“to work out the maths problem”作 found的賓語(yǔ)，形式賓語(yǔ)只能用it.
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題6: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元6
問(wèn)題：
－Do you often hear John ____ in his room！
－Listen! Now we can hear him ____ in his room.（安徽省中考題）
A. sing, to sing B. singing，singing
C. sing， singing D. to sing，singing
解答:
分析 答案是 C，hear sb. do sth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)到動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。 hear sb. doing sth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事。強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)到動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生之中。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題7: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第九單元7
問(wèn)題：
A：Not all the children like fried chicken.
B：Not every ____ ____ fried chicken.（江西中考題）
解答:
分析 答案填child likes. every child是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)。
【有關(guān)"Unit 9 The memory robot" 的課后練習(xí)】
課后練習(xí)1：課后練習(xí)
[按要求進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換]：
1．Mother found some oranges in the fridge.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)
________mother________ ________oranges in the fridge？
2．You'd better sit in front of me.(改為否定句)
You'd better________ ________in front of me.
課后練習(xí)1：課后練習(xí)答案
解：
①Did，find，any
②not，sit