本章教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 學(xué)會(huì)詢問(wèn)某人的身份、職業(yè)等交際用語(yǔ)；
2. 掌握名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)；
3. 閱讀理解有關(guān)人物使記的文章；
4. 根據(jù)課文，練習(xí)寫作人物生平的總結(jié)。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破
【對(duì)話】
1．Four American students are comparing notes on famous people.
四個(gè)學(xué)生在談?wù)撝目茖W(xué)家。
compare notes on sth.／with sb.交換意見；談?wù)�；�?duì)筆記
There are a few things we might compare notes on. 有些事情我們得交換一下意見。
歸納：compare sth.with sth.，把……與……相比較，compare sth.to sth.把……比作……，comparedto／with 和……比起來(lái)(做狀語(yǔ))
2．I′m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. 我在猜報(bào)紙上的字謎游戲。
(1)puzzle名詞，“難題、謎”，用作單數(shù)時(shí)，作“迷惑、困惑”解釋。
He is in a puzzle about the matter.他對(duì)這件事大惑不解。
It is a puzzle to me how he could come here.他如何能到這來(lái)，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)難解的問(wèn)題。
(2)do a word puzzle=do a puzzle in words=do word puzzles 猜字謎，fitthepuzzle對(duì)上了字謎，find outthe puzzle猜出謎底。
(3)puzzle動(dòng)詞，意為“使……迷惑”、“使……為難”。
Puzzled by his puzzling problem，I didn't know how to answer，so therewas a puzzled expression on my face.他的迷惑不解的問(wèn)題難住了我，我不知怎樣回答，所以臉上有一種迷惑不解的表情。
搭配：puzzle one's brains about／over sth.為某事大傷腦筋／絞盡腦汁，puzzle out思索而得，puzzle over苦思
【課文】
1．By the time he was fourteen years old，he had learned maths byhimself到十四歲時(shí)，他已經(jīng)自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué)。
by the time是個(gè)連詞，意為“到……時(shí)候”，指不遲于某時(shí)，或甚至于在某時(shí)以前(已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作)。注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)。
By the time he woke up,he found the others had already set out.當(dāng)他醒來(lái)后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)其他的人早已出發(fā)了。
We shall have left by the time you come back here.當(dāng)你回來(lái)時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)離開了。
Breakfast will be ready by the time you have dressed.等到你穿好衣服時(shí)，早餐就會(huì)準(zhǔn)備好了。
注意：by表示時(shí)間，不遲于……， 到……為止。當(dāng)by后接將來(lái)時(shí)間時(shí)，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)；當(dāng)by后接現(xiàn)在時(shí)間時(shí)，句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)by后接過(guò)去時(shí)間時(shí)，句子時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
2．He found it hard to get along with the otherboys.他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與其他的孩子相處。
如果賓語(yǔ)有自己的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，常常先用“it”作形式賓語(yǔ)代替它，而把用作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句放到后面。
He found it better that he should get up early in the morning.他覺(jué)得早上早點(diǎn)起床要好些。
必背：帶有形式賓語(yǔ)的常見動(dòng)詞有：consider、believe、feel.make、find、know、resard等。
切記；it不能代替what從句。
3．be contentto do sth.愿意、樂(lè)意做某事
She seems well content to sit in front of TV set all night.她似乎很樂(lè)意整晚都座在電視機(jī)前。
be content with +n.／pron.感到滿足、安心
My father had to be content with this small success.我父親只好滿足于這次小小的成功。
content oneself/sb.with使自己／某人滿足于
We should never content ourselves with book knowledge.我們切不可僅滿足于一點(diǎn)書本知識(shí)。
4．go on with/go on doing/go on to do
(1)go on with后面必須接名詞作賓語(yǔ)
(2)go on doing繼續(xù)或不斷地做同一件事
(3)go on to do是指做完一件事以后轉(zhuǎn)而去做其他事
5．...which／ed to his new discoveries in physics.這導(dǎo)致了他物理學(xué)方面的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。
(1)leadto導(dǎo)致；引起：造成。to為介詞，其后跟名詞、代詞、-ing形式。
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.過(guò)量工作和休息不足經(jīng)常引起疾病。
This kind of test is bad because it leads to incorrect learning.這種測(cè)試很糟糕，因?yàn)樗鼘?dǎo)致不正確的學(xué)習(xí)(方法)。
(2)lead to／lead sb.to some place通向；領(lǐng)著某人去，帶領(lǐng)
All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。
This road willlead you to the hospital.走這條路，你會(huì)到醫(yī)院的。
注意：lead作“帶領(lǐng)、引導(dǎo)”解釋時(shí)不能跟不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，只能跟一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)。如：他領(lǐng)那位盲人過(guò)街。應(yīng)說(shuō)成：He ledthe blind across the street.而不是：He led the blind to walk across the street.
6．Such was Albert Einstein.這就是愛(ài)因斯坦。
此句為倒裝句，句中的such是代詞，意思是“這”或“這些”，在句首指代上文所說(shuō)的情況，注意本句型是倒裝句以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
Such are the results we have got.這些就是我們?nèi)〉玫某晒?/p>
7． But Einstein was able to prove that light...
(1)prove vt.“證明：證實(shí)；驗(yàn)證”，其后跟名詞、代詞、從句和復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad.一件瘋事并不足以證明一個(gè)人是瘋子。
They will prove that we are telling the truth.他們可以證明我們講的都是事實(shí)。
It has been proved that failure is the mother of success.事實(shí)證明失敗是成功之母。
(2)prove連系動(dòng)詞，“證明，結(jié)果是”，后跟形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞或to be。
His efforts proved(to be)a failure.他的努力結(jié)果證明是失敗的。
The book has proved of great help to us...這本書證明對(duì)我們是很有用的。
8．a(chǎn)PPear“好像”
(1)appear后接形容詞、名詞時(shí)可加to be;appear后還可接不定式的各種形式。
He appeared(tobe)rich.他顯得很富。(冒充富)
He appearedtohave heard ofthe news.他好像聽說(shuō)了這個(gè)消息。
(2)appear可用于形式主語(yǔ)it的句型中，后接that從句。
It appeared(to me)that she would probably never walk.看來(lái)她永遠(yuǎn)不能夠行走了。
(3)appear可用于there為引導(dǎo)詞的句型結(jié)構(gòu)中。
There appeared to be only one room.好像就一個(gè)房間。
9．He worked out just how much the light would be bent.
(1)算出，解(題)(getthe result for)
He said he could work this puzzle out,but he didn't.他說(shuō)他能解出這道難題，但他并沒(méi)解出來(lái)。
(2)作出，制訂出，解出。�？勺g作：理解，弄懂；看出。
You had better work out a plan first.你最好先制訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。
I can't work out the meaning ofthe poem.我不理解這首詩(shī)的意思。
10．stick to“堅(jiān)持(意見、原則、計(jì)劃、決定、諾言等)”，有“執(zhí)意不改變”的含義。
No matter what you say,I shall stick to my stand.不管你說(shuō)什么我會(huì)堅(jiān)持我的立場(chǎng)。
You have made a promise and you should stick to it.你許下諾言，你就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持。
11．take sides參加某事；支持某人，袒護(hù)某人，常與介詞in(sth)和with(sb.)搭配，take the side of支持某人／某一方；on the side of站在……一邊
Tom did not take sides in the quarrel between them.湯姆沒(méi)有介入他們的爭(zhēng)吵。
We took the side ofthe workers in the strike.在罷工中我們支持工人。
The United States entered the gulf war on the side of Kuwait.美國(guó)參加海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以支持科威特。
1. All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone.
在他整個(gè)一生中，他樂(lè)意孤身一人度過(guò)他的大部分時(shí)光。
(1) content為形容詞，作“滿足的，滿意的，甘愿的”解。be content to do sth.
表示“愿意、樂(lè)意做某事”，相當(dāng)于be willing or ready to do sth. 。e. g.
I should be well content to do so. 我很愿意這樣干。
(2) content還可以作動(dòng)詞用，一般為及物動(dòng)詞，常用content sb. /oneself(with) 這個(gè)詞組。e. g.
We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.
我們切不可滿足于僅僅有一點(diǎn)書本知識(shí)。
(3) content作不可數(shù)名詞用時(shí)，意為“滿足”或表示滿意的狀態(tài)。e. g.
Now she began to live in peace and content.
現(xiàn)在她開始生活平靜而滿足。
習(xí)慣搭配
(1)表示“滿足于”的意思，除可用to content oneself with這一動(dòng)詞詞組外，還可用形容詞短語(yǔ)形式to be content with。e. g.
Are you content with your present salary? 你對(duì)現(xiàn)在的薪水滿意嗎?
(2) content常作名詞，用于to one's heart's content短語(yǔ)中，意為“盡情地”。e . g.
We can swim in the river to our heart's content.
我們能夠在這條河里盡情游泳。
2. When he was a young boy he used to ask lots of questions.
他小時(shí)候經(jīng)常提出許多問(wèn)題。
(1) used to+動(dòng)詞原形，意為“過(guò)去經(jīng)�！�。e. g.
He is not what he used to be. 他已不是從前的他了。
(2) used to的否定式為used not或didn't use. 疑問(wèn)句可用used開頭，也可用did開頭。e. g.
①He usedn't/didn't use to come. 他過(guò)去不常來(lái)。
②You used to go there, usedn't/didn't you?
你過(guò)去常到那里去，不是嗎?
3. It was said that he found in music the peace which was missing in a world full of wars and killings.
據(jù)說(shuō)，他從音樂(lè)中找到了在充滿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與屠殺的世界里所失去的和平。
(1)這是一個(gè)由引導(dǎo)詞it引導(dǎo)的句子，it是形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)，在that從句中又有一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，其中主句是he found. . . peace，后跟一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為peace，介詞短語(yǔ)in music作狀語(yǔ)。
(2)full of是形容詞短語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于filled with)，作“充滿”解釋。
(3)missing在這里是形容詞，意為“失去的，找不到的”。
4. The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.
困難在于怎樣才能向其他科學(xué)家證明他的想法。
由連接副詞how引導(dǎo)的從句how he could prove his ideas to other scientists是表語(yǔ)從句。
其他連接副詞如when, where, why, because等也可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句分別用來(lái)說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、因果等事實(shí)。本課最后一句就是很好的例子：
That is why Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA in 1933.
那就是愛(ài)因斯坦和他的家人于1933年離開歐洲去美國(guó)的原因。
另外，連接代詞that, what也可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。
核心知識(shí)
【常用單詞積累】
單詞：content; prove; stick; respect; leading; rule; advance; advanced; education; course
詞組：do a word puzzle 猜字謎
compare notes 交換意見、看法等
get along with sb. 與……相處
be content to do sth. 滿足于做某事
go on with 繼續(xù)
lead to 通向
the Nobel Prize for Physics 諾貝爾物理獎(jiǎng)
a cheque for $1500 1500美元的一張支票
take American nationality 獲得美國(guó)國(guó)籍
make music 創(chuàng)作樂(lè)曲
work out 算出；解決；效果(如何)
stick to 堅(jiān)持
take sides (in) 站在……一邊
advanced mathematics 高等數(shù)學(xué)
further education 進(jìn)修；深造
【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講】
1. I'm doing a word puzzle in this newspaper.
我正在猜這份報(bào)上的字謎。
(1) puzzle作名詞時(shí)，意為“難題，謎，復(fù)雜難懂的事物”。e. g.
He is in a puzzle about the matter. 他對(duì)這件事大惑不解。
(2) puzzle作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，作“使……迷惑，使……為難”解釋。e. g.
This letter puzzles me. 這封信使我迷惑不解。
習(xí)慣搭配
puzzle 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可和某些介詞構(gòu)成詞組。如：
puzzle one's brains about (或over)sth. 為某事大傷腦筋
puzzle out 思索而得
puzzle over 苦思
2. . . . he went on with his studies at university.
……他又繼續(xù)他的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。
動(dòng)詞go的主要意思有“去，走，到達(dá)；變成，處于……狀態(tài)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，進(jìn)行；消失，逝去”等 等。e. g.
①The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
②My father's hair is going grey. 我父親的頭發(fā)漸漸變成灰白。
③My eyesight is going. 我的視力越來(lái)越差。
習(xí)慣搭配
(1) go on with sth. 作“繼續(xù)從事某事”解釋。通常指接著干同一件事，但中間有間隔。e. g.
After ten minutes' break, they went on with their conversation.
休息十分鐘后，他們接著交談。
(2) go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)不停地干同一件事，中間未停頓。e. g.
He went on doing his experiment and paid no attention to any of us.
他繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗(yàn)，沒(méi)有注意到我們中任何一人。
(3) go on to do sth. 干完一件事后，接著干另一件事。e. g.
Let's go on to discuss another question!
我們接著去討論另一個(gè)問(wèn)題吧!
3. With the pay that he received and saved, he went on with his studies at university, where he received a doctor's degree in 1905.
他用所得的工資和積蓄，又繼續(xù)他的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，并于1905年，在這所大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位。
(1)句中with the pay that he received and saved是介詞with引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)，that he received and saved是由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾pay。where引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，where指at university。
(2) degree: A grade or rank to which scholars are admitted by a college or university 學(xué)位。大學(xué)的學(xué)位有三級(jí)，即：學(xué)士(bachelor's degree)，碩士(master's degree)，博士(doctor's degree)。如：bachelor's degree of physics物理學(xué)學(xué)士。
4. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
阿爾伯特愛(ài)因斯坦，就是這樣一位單純樸實(shí)的20世紀(jì)最偉大的科學(xué)家。
(1)該句是倒裝句，such(＝such a man)是代詞，作表語(yǔ)，Albert Einstein是主語(yǔ) ，a simple. . . scientist是同位語(yǔ)。
(2)注意這種倒裝語(yǔ)序的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)視具體情況而定單數(shù)形式、復(fù)數(shù)形式。這種倒裝語(yǔ)序的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持單、復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)一致關(guān)系。e. g.
Such were the viewpoints of Dr. Green, a famous physicist in Britain.
這些就是英國(guó)著名的物理學(xué)家格林博士的觀點(diǎn)。
5. But Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research.
但是，愛(ài)因斯坦仍然堅(jiān)持自己的觀點(diǎn)，繼續(xù)他的探索。
(1)句中stick to意為“堅(jiān)持，固守”。e. g.
I stick to what I said at the meeting. 我堅(jiān)持我在會(huì)上所說(shuō)的話。
(2)動(dòng)詞stick有及物或不及物用法，含義有“把……插入，塞進(jìn)，粘貼，刺入，陷 入，忍耐”等。e. g.
①A nail stuck in the tire of my car. 一顆釘子扎入我的車胎了。
②The two stamps have stuck together. 那兩張郵票粘在了一起。
(3) stick作名詞時(shí)意為“棍棒，樹枝，手杖，球桿”等。e. g.
He put a stick into the ground to mark the point.
他在地上插了一根棍子作為那個(gè)地點(diǎn)的記號(hào)。
習(xí)慣搭配
(1)動(dòng)詞stick的成語(yǔ)有許多。如：Stick to it! 堅(jiān)持到底!
(2) stick的過(guò)去分詞也用于許多成語(yǔ)中。e. g.
①Are you stuck on this question? 你被這個(gè)問(wèn)題難住了嗎?
②It looks at if I'm stuck with the job of clearing up this mess.
看來(lái)我得長(zhǎng)期干這收拾雜物的活。
6. He had taken Swiss nationality in 1901 and therefore did not have to join the army, as Switzerland did not take sides in the war.
在1901年，他加入瑞士國(guó)籍，由于瑞士人在大戰(zhàn)中沒(méi)有參加戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的任何一方，因此他也沒(méi)有必要去當(dāng)兵。
to take sides意為“參加”，后面接“介詞in+sth. ”，或接“介詞with+sb. ”其中side是名詞，原義為“一邊，一(方)面，旁邊，斜坡”等。e. g.
It is safer to take sides with the stronger party. 參加實(shí)力較強(qiáng)的一方是比較穩(wěn)妥的。
習(xí)慣搭配
take the side of, be on the side of作“支持某一方”、“袒護(hù)……”解釋。e. g.
①We took the side of the workers in the strike. 在罷工中我們支持工人一方。
②The United States entered the gulf war on the side of Kuwait. 美國(guó)參加海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以支持科威特。
聯(lián)想遷移
(1)參加軍隊(duì)或組織，加入黨派，或參入某人一起做某事，常用join動(dòng)詞。e. g.
Won't you join us in a tennis match? 你不想?yún)⒓游覀兊木W(wǎng)球比賽嗎?
(2)參加某活動(dòng)常用短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞take part in。e. g.
Did you take part in the fighting? 你參加過(guò)那次戰(zhàn)斗嗎?
(3)參加會(huì)議、聚會(huì)、典禮等常用動(dòng)詞attend。e. g.
The party was well attended. 那次聚會(huì)有很多人參加。
(4)表示袒護(hù)、支持某人，還可用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) take the part of a person或take a person's part。
7. This work provided him with enough money to live on.
這項(xiàng)工作給他提供足夠的生活資金。
句中provide是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“提供”。e. g.
Sheep provide wool. 羊提供羊毛。
(1)供給某人某物，可使用to provide sb. with sth. 或 to provide sth. for sb . 。e. g.
They provided the sufferers with food and clothes.
＝They provided food and clothes for the sufferers.
他們提供食物和衣服給受難者。
(2) provide for是“贍養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)”的意思。e. g.
He had to provide for the large family. 他必須贍養(yǎng)這個(gè)大家庭。
聯(lián)想遷移
(1)過(guò)去分詞provided和現(xiàn)在分詞providing可起連詞作用，其后跟可以省略that的從句，用來(lái)表達(dá)“在……條件下，倘若”之意。e. g.
①Provided(that) there is no opposition, I will act as representative of our class. 倘若沒(méi)有反對(duì)的話，我將擔(dān)任本班的代表。
②I shall go providing(that) it doesn't rain. 倘若不下雨，我就去。
(2)表示“供給”之意，還可使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)to supply sb. with sth. 或supply sth . to sb. 。 e. g.
The government decided to supply the refugees with houses.
＝The government decided to supply houses to the refugees.
政府決定供給難民住房。
8. He already knew what he wanted to be when he grew up.
他已經(jīng)知道他長(zhǎng)大后，該干什么。
(1)這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主句是He already knew. . . 。由what引導(dǎo)的從句是賓語(yǔ)從句，在句中作knew的賓語(yǔ)，when he grew up是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在句中作to be的狀語(yǔ)。
【單元知識(shí)綱要】
類別
語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目
詞 匯
content, stick, respect, advance, education, do a word puzzle, get along with sb, lead to, make music, work out, further education.
日常交
際用語(yǔ)
Is it. . . ?
No, it is not him.
Is he(she). . . ?
Who is he?
What did he do?
語(yǔ)法
學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)的用法
典型例題
【基礎(chǔ)題】
★例1_______was the story that happened to my family last year.
A．What B．Allthat C．Such D．All such
導(dǎo)析：此題中that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾story，如果去掉定語(yǔ)從句，則留下主句--wasthe story。如用what，句末必須用問(wèn)號(hào)，因此應(yīng)該用such這個(gè)代詞。答案：C
★例2 Someone is ringing the doorbelL Go and see_________.
A．whoisit B．whoheis C．whois he D．whoitis
導(dǎo)析：對(duì)不明身份性別的人使用代詞it，所填結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為疑問(wèn)詞加上正常語(yǔ)序。答案：D
【易錯(cuò)題】
★★例1
--This jacketdoesn't________me.Do you have a larger size?
--Yes,but the color is different.Does it_________you?
A．fit;suit B．suit;fit C．fit;fit D．suit;suit
導(dǎo)析： fit表示“合適”，通常表示衣、帽鞋等物的大小、尺寸、形狀等方面的“合適”。suit也表示“適合”，但常用來(lái)指衣著、款式、顏色等方面的“合適”或“中……之意”。答案：A
★★例2 The suit fitted him well__________the color was a little bright.
A．exceptfor B．except that C．except when D.besides
導(dǎo)析：except that后面跟從句，意思是“只不過(guò)”。except when后跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。except for后跟名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。答案：B
【創(chuàng)新題】
★★例1_________makes mistakes must correct them．
A．No matter who B．Whoever
C．Anyone D．Who
導(dǎo)析：no matter who只用于作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。whoever相當(dāng)于anybody／those who，作名詞從句的主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)題意：“無(wú)論誰(shuí)犯了錯(cuò)誤都必須改正”。答案：B
★★★例2________fashion differs from country to country may refleet the cul-tural differencesfrom one aspect.
A．What B．That C．This D．Which
導(dǎo)析：that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)起連接作用，本身無(wú)具體含義，位于句首時(shí)多不能省略。答案：B
【高考題】
★★★例1 (2002年,上海春季)When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkey exactly he wants.
A．what B．which C．when D．that
導(dǎo)析：相當(dāng)于“the thing(s)／person that...”， 即“先行詞+賓語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，不可省略。答案：A
★★★例2(1996年，全國(guó))-we'll go campingtomorrow depends onthe weather.
A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where
導(dǎo)析：whether和if含義相同，均表示“是否”的意思，但引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且主語(yǔ)從句不后置時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。答案：B單元綜合訓(xùn)練
【閱讀分析】
Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership(伙伴關(guān)系) which does good to both of them. You may have noticed so me birds sitting on the back of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but they find easy food in the parasites(寄生蟲) on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can man age without each other, they do better together.
Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot manage without each other. This is so in the corals(珊瑚) of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants which act as “dustman”, taking some of the waste products from the coral and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are even prevented from light so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die.
1. Some birds like to sit on a sheep because .
A. they can eat its parasites
B. they depend on the sheep for existence
C. they enjoy travelling with the sheep
D. they find the position most comfortable
解析 這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。答案是A。文中You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want to ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites on sheep. 便是該題的信息。
2. The underlined word “they” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to .
A. birds and parasites B. birds and sheep
C. parasites and sheep D. sheep, birds and parasites
解析 這是一道所指題。劃線單詞系指鳥和羊，故B為答案。
3. It can be learnt from the text that the coral depends on the plant for .
A. comfort B. light C. food D. oxygen
解析 這是一道判斷題。從文中In their skins they have tiny plants which act as “dustman”, taking some of the waste products from the coral and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. 一句可以得出結(jié)論，D為該題的正確答案。
4. What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?
A. Some animals and plants depend on each other for existence
B. Some animals and plants develop their relationship easily
C. Some pants depend on each other for food
D. Some animals live better together.
解析 該題要求考生找出第二自然段的中心思想。本段通過(guò)例舉珊瑚來(lái)證明動(dòng)植物為了生存而相互依靠，故A為最佳答案。
【課本難題解答】
Lesson 50
2. 1879：He was born in Germany.
From 1895 on: He studied at a university in Switzerland.
1905: He received a doctor's degree.
1921: He won the Nobel Prize for physics.
1933: He and his family left Europe for the USA.
1940: He took American nationality.
1955: He died in the USA.
4. 1)received 2)accepted 3)accept 4)received
5)received 6)receive 7)accept
Lesson 51
1. 1)× 2)√ 3)√ 4)× 5)√ 6)× 7)√ 8)× 9)×
2. 1)whether it is worth doing or not
2)that I forgot/have forgotten her address
3)why she doesn't want to see you
4)where he was born
5)what we always worry about/we are always worried about
6)that we can't afford(to buy) the big house
7)how we can reduce the noise
8)that they should improve their own spoken English first
【有關(guān)"Unit 13 Albert Einstein" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1. g2u13 Albert Einstein 教案
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ. 四會(huì)單詞和詞組：ruler , go on with , the First World War , worldwide , right (n .) , peace , work out , stick (vi .) , stick to , rule , course (n .)
三會(huì)單詞和詞組：communist , professor , scientific , darkness , shy , content , lead to , discovery , cheque , human right , prove , bent , respect , leading , sadness , take sides in , fuel , advance , advanced , mathematics , education , further education , technical
Ⅱ. 交際英語(yǔ)：怎樣表達(dá)詢問(wèn)與推測(cè)
1. Is it … ? No , it isn’t not him .
2 . Is he / she … ?
3 . Who is he / she ?
4 . What did he do ?
5 . It must be him / her … .
Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)：
學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)的用法。作主語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，因其在復(fù)合句中作主語(yǔ)，所以稱為主語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常被換為 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
內(nèi)容2：語(yǔ)法發(fā)散思維
內(nèi)容3：同步練習(xí)
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)2. Unit 13 Albert Einstein
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)3. 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 13 Albert Einstein
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
教學(xué)目的和要求
⒈單詞和詞組
ruler
L.49
四會(huì)
go on with the First World War wouldwide right(n.)
L.50
peace
work out stick(vi.) stick to ruler
L.51
course(n.)
L.52
communist professor
L.49
三會(huì)
scientific darkness shy content lead to discovery
L.50
cheque human right
prove bent respect leading sadness take sides(in)
L.51
fuel
advance advanced mathematics education
L.52
further education technical
Albert Einstein Alexander Bell
L.49
二會(huì)
the Nobel Prize bookmark
L.50
Swiss Hitler Jew
L.51
⒉日常交際用語(yǔ)：
Is it…? No, it’s not him/her Is he/she…?
Who is he/she? What did he do? It must be him/her
⒊語(yǔ)法：
學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句作語(yǔ)的用法。
教案內(nèi)容：
【關(guān)于“Unit 13 Albert Einstein”的常見問(wèn)題】
常見問(wèn)題1: Unit 13 Albert Einstein
問(wèn)題：
Those who are not with the progress they have made will have greater success.
A. proud B. afraid C. popular D. content
解答:
分析 答案為D。be proud of以……為自豪；be afraid of 怕……；be popular with 受……歡迎。
常見問(wèn)題2: Unit 13 Albert Einstein
問(wèn)題：
she couldn't understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
解答:
分析 答案為A。understand為及物動(dòng)詞，其后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng) 選擇連接代詞what。因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)從句已具有否定意義，表語(yǔ)從句意義不完整，所以由句意可知，表語(yǔ)從句需用why。
常見問(wèn)題3: Unit 13 Albert Einstein
問(wèn)題：
Premier Zhou to be unforgettable in the hearts of Chinese people.
A. proved B. regarded C. thought D. considered
解答:
分析 答案為A。sb. be regarded(thought) to be+n. (adj. ); regard sb. as+n. (porn. )把……當(dāng)作……。故不能選擇B、C、D。prove為連系動(dòng)詞，不定式作表語(yǔ)。