溫州市第八中學(xué) 王 潔
本文將從教材分析、教學(xué)方法與教材處理、教學(xué)程序、教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)等四個(gè)方面對(duì)高中英語(yǔ)新教材高一（下）第十八單元New Zealand進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。
一． 教材分析
1．教材內(nèi)容分析
本單元的中心話題-New Zealand (新西蘭)學(xué)習(xí)新西蘭人文地理狀況的相關(guān)主題。教材以“看地圖，說(shuō)地圖”為切入點(diǎn)展開聽力、對(duì)話、閱讀、寫作、綜合運(yùn)用的教學(xué)，以“新西蘭的地理，氣候，歷史，資源，畜牧業(yè)，毛利人及風(fēng)土人情等”為載體使學(xué)生接受語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及訓(xùn)練。新西蘭是另一說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的重要國(guó)家，可就相關(guān)內(nèi)容做深層次挖掘和整理，拓寬其文化視野，增強(qiáng)對(duì)兩中地域及文化的差異的敏感性。
Warming up部分展現(xiàn)在學(xué)生面前一幅祖國(guó)地圖，圖中標(biāo)明鄰國(guó)、鄰海、鄰島，要求學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)中方位的表達(dá)方式來(lái)談?wù)摬煌恢谩Ｗ寣W(xué)生在情景中進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言操練。為了激活學(xué)生已有的相關(guān)知識(shí)，可加入“暢所欲言話祖國(guó)”（動(dòng)嘴）；“描畫五洲四洋”（動(dòng)手），以此達(dá)到較好的熱身之效。
Listening部分是一篇聽力材料，涉及“鯨魚島”（離斐濟(jì)島僅10分種）。300字左右的材料的信息零散繁多，共呈現(xiàn)了：鯨魚島的位置，地貌，氣候，城市，交通，農(nóng)業(yè)及旅游。為了降低聽辯的難度，聽前設(shè)計(jì)了一份列表，以增加學(xué)生聽力信息的汲取量，提高信息的準(zhǔn)確率。
Speaking部分旨在通過(guò)有關(guān)出生地的方位的對(duì)話來(lái)鞏固“Expressing location and direction”的語(yǔ)言功能。該部分在設(shè)計(jì)上留有空間，因此在課堂上舉行了一場(chǎng)“家鄉(xiāng)旅游資源推介會(huì)”，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生在真實(shí)的情景中饒有興趣地進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá)的能力和豐富學(xué)生有關(guān)描述“方位”“景點(diǎn)介紹”等的語(yǔ)言。
Reading是一篇介紹太平洋島國(guó)---新西蘭的文章。文章共分四部分，即新西蘭的地理位置及城市，新西蘭的氣候特征，新西蘭的旅游及鳥類資源，居住者及毛利人的歷史。通過(guò)Pre-reading, Reading & Post-reading三個(gè)步驟，循序漸進(jìn)地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生略讀與查讀等閱讀技能。同時(shí)結(jié)合新西蘭風(fēng)土人情、社交禮儀、生活習(xí)慣等方面的知識(shí)，并用競(jìng)賽的方式，激發(fā)學(xué)生的合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)。又有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生之間的合作意識(shí)，促進(jìn)學(xué)科之間的滲透和交融。
Language study分詞匯和語(yǔ)法兩部分。詞匯部分設(shè)計(jì)了六組描述“l(fā)and” 的名詞與+容詞的配對(duì)練習(xí)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上造句。旨在要求學(xué)生注意名詞轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞加詞根（后綴）的構(gòu)詞法；培養(yǎng)學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確使用修飾語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣及能力。語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是有關(guān)“It”的使用，掌握 “It”(1) 指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、氣候、距離；(2) 作形式主語(yǔ)。在語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練中，即要注意加強(qiáng)學(xué)生的合作學(xué)習(xí)，又須使機(jī)械操練帶有一定的情景性和生活化。
Integrating skills分為讀、寫兩部分。學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀另一篇有關(guān)新西蘭人文生活的資料，要求通讀全文找出段落大意即文章框架。旨在讓學(xué)生根據(jù)此框架進(jìn)行寫作，即所居住地或省的描述文章。該操練旨在提高學(xué)生寫作結(jié)構(gòu)多樣，信息內(nèi)容密集的介紹地點(diǎn)的文章的水平。
Checkpoint通過(guò)學(xué)生自評(píng)方式，幫助他們簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)本單元語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)-It的用法。該部分還鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自己去總結(jié)本單元的重點(diǎn)詞組及表達(dá)。
2．教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)
重點(diǎn)：
1. 掌握英語(yǔ)中方位的表達(dá)方式,
2. “It” 用作主語(yǔ)(指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離及用做形式主語(yǔ))
3. 學(xué)習(xí)及拓展與新西蘭相關(guān)的詞匯和知識(shí)
難點(diǎn):
依照框架恰當(dāng)寫作描述國(guó)家或地區(qū)的介紹性文章
二． 教學(xué)目標(biāo)
理論依據(jù)：《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）
根據(jù)《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）關(guān)于總目標(biāo)的具體描述，結(jié)合高一學(xué)生實(shí)際和教材內(nèi)容，分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、語(yǔ)言技能、學(xué)習(xí)策略、情感態(tài)度、文化意識(shí)五個(gè)方面制定相應(yīng)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。
1． 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)
單詞：理解、內(nèi)化、運(yùn)用以下生詞-- surround, settle, sign, , relation, landscape, cattle, region, agreement, export, agricultural, subtropical, ethnic, mainly;
詞組：lie in/to/on/off, take possession of, sign an agreement, refer to, make up, be marked with, turn to doing, be shipped to, be of high quality
功能：學(xué)習(xí)掌握一些用于描述地點(diǎn)和方位的結(jié)構(gòu)句式，如：
1) He is from Weihai, a city in northeast Shandong.
2) Weihai lies about 88 kilometers east of Yantai.
3) She is from Shentong, a small village, 30 kilometers south of Jinan.
4) It is some 3,500 kilometers from Polynesia to New Zealand, which they traveled in narrow boats.
語(yǔ)法：復(fù)習(xí)、掌握：It用做主語(yǔ)(指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離及用做形式主語(yǔ))
2． 語(yǔ)言技能
聽：捕捉特定信息、抓關(guān)鍵詞（如：地理、氣候、城市、河流、歷史等），聽懂一篇地區(qū)或國(guó)家的介紹性文章。
說(shuō)：學(xué)生能熟練掌握與話題相關(guān)的常用詞匯與表達(dá)，如：如何在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中就地點(diǎn)和方位進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的全方位的表述，同時(shí)使學(xué)生能就話題較好地完成一些開放性話題，以提高在真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中的英語(yǔ)交際能力。
讀：獲取關(guān)于New Zealand的相關(guān)信息,且進(jìn)行skimming, scanning, careful reading, generalization; inference等閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練。
寫：能分層次、分段落地描寫一篇國(guó)家或地區(qū)的介紹性文章。
3． 學(xué)習(xí)策略：
學(xué)生能在一定程度上形成自主學(xué)習(xí)、有效交際、信息處理和英語(yǔ)思維的能力。如：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生使用圖書館、網(wǎng)絡(luò)查閱資料的能力。
4． 情感態(tài)度：
(1) 在有趣的話題激勵(lì)下，誘導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與，充分調(diào)動(dòng)他們學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。
(2) 學(xué)習(xí)新西蘭人文地理狀況，拓寬學(xué)生的文化視野；同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生以滿腔的熱忱在語(yǔ)言情景中激發(fā)愛國(guó)主義熱情。
(3) 在共同完成設(shè)計(jì)“溫州旅游資源推介會(huì)”、“ 暢所欲言話祖國(guó)”、“描畫五洲七洋”等任務(wù)的過(guò)程中，加強(qiáng)團(tuán)體協(xié)作意識(shí)。
5． 文化意識(shí)：
增強(qiáng)對(duì)中新兩國(guó)地域及文化差異的敏感性，培養(yǎng)世界意識(shí)；通過(guò)文化地域?qū)Ρ龋由顚?duì)祖國(guó)相關(guān)知識(shí)的理解，增強(qiáng)對(duì)祖國(guó)的熱愛之情。
三． 教學(xué)方法與教材處理
教學(xué)方法：
根據(jù)我們幾年來(lái)“第二語(yǔ)言習(xí)得論”和“整體語(yǔ)言教學(xué)”的理論和實(shí)踐，同時(shí)滲透當(dāng)前教學(xué)改革，課程改革等的先進(jìn)理念。為達(dá)成上述教學(xué)目標(biāo)，本人運(yùn)用任務(wù)型教學(xué)途徑，英語(yǔ)課堂設(shè)計(jì)采用 “P-T-P” 自主學(xué)習(xí)立體模式。（Pre-task--- Task-cycle--- Post-task）
說(shuō)明：
1． Pre-task:
引入話題，激活學(xué)生下網(wǎng)絡(luò)和掃清詞匯障礙，明確學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)和任務(wù)完成的步驟， 激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)興趣。
學(xué)生：認(rèn)知處于主動(dòng)狀態(tài)，有完成任務(wù)的強(qiáng)烈愿望。
教師：學(xué)習(xí)的組織者、促進(jìn)者；善導(dǎo)、激趣的過(guò)程。
2． Task-cycle: 任務(wù)的完成過(guò)程。
學(xué)生：用英語(yǔ)做事，運(yùn)用體驗(yàn)、參與、合作、實(shí)踐、交流、探究等方式進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，發(fā)展聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫綜合英語(yǔ)技能。
教師：指導(dǎo)者、幫助者、參與者、合作者的角色；引思的過(guò)程。
3． Post-task: 展示成果，交流成果的過(guò)程。
學(xué)生：體驗(yàn)成功和喜悅，自我評(píng)價(jià)、小組評(píng)價(jià)、認(rèn)識(shí)自己、樹立自信、反思自己、調(diào)控自己。
教師：評(píng)價(jià)者、總結(jié)者；總結(jié)教學(xué)中的成功與不足；發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中的問(wèn)題和不足；精講過(guò)程。
總體：學(xué)生愿學(xué)-樂學(xué)-慣學(xué)-論學(xué)過(guò)程。
師生真正學(xué)習(xí)共同體形成過(guò)程；教與學(xué)的交往、互動(dòng)，師生雙方交流，相互溝通、相互啟發(fā)、相互補(bǔ)充。
教材處理：
綜上所述，我把本單元的任務(wù)確定為：
學(xué)生能根據(jù)框架, 運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ), 圍繞國(guó)家的地理位置人文歷史、能源等話題，得體而有邏輯地介紹一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)。其三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)如下：
Pre-task: 學(xué)生回憶已有的地理知識(shí)，暢所欲言祖國(guó)的地大物博；以激活背景知識(shí)，使課堂倍感親切。
Task-cycle: 學(xué)生完成圍繞國(guó)家人文這一話題，展開聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，學(xué)會(huì)聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫的各項(xiàng)技能，強(qiáng)化“介紹國(guó)家和地區(qū)”的表達(dá)能力，為完成任務(wù)作好鋪墊。
Post-task: 達(dá)成任務(wù)，展示成果，反饋學(xué)習(xí)情況。
四．教材安排
根據(jù)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，學(xué)習(xí)階段的側(cè)重以及高一學(xué)生的發(fā)展，我把本單元?jiǎng)澐譃?課時(shí)：聽力、口語(yǔ)、閱讀（2課時(shí)）、語(yǔ)言（0.5課時(shí)）、寫作、評(píng)價(jià)（0.5課時(shí)）。同時(shí)安排一些單元教學(xué)前和單元教學(xué)后的活動(dòng)任務(wù)。
Period 1 Warming up & Listening
Step1 Pre-task
Goal: 這部分的重點(diǎn)是激活學(xué)生已有的相關(guān)背景知識(shí)，引出本單元的話題-地理人文，了解學(xué)生對(duì)其的熟練程度，同時(shí)讓學(xué)生操練位置的表達(dá)方式，并在口頭上加以操練；充分表達(dá)學(xué)生對(duì)祖國(guó)的熱愛之情。
1. Put the names of the oceans and continents in the right place of the map ( Class work )
2. Talk about the information in the card first and then fill it as homework: ( Group work )
Background to China
▲Full country name ______________________
▲Location ____________________________
▲Area _______________________________sq km
□ the largest country □ the 2nd largest country
□ the 3rd largest country
▲Population ___________________________
▲Capital city __________________________
▲Languages __________________________
▲Religion ____________________________
▲Minorities __________________________
▲Major products / industries _____________
Goal: 激發(fā)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生以滿腔的熱忱就所列出的表格對(duì)祖國(guó)的地大物博暢所欲言；為引入本單元的主話題New Zealand作好鋪墊；同時(shí)亦能使學(xué)生在描述的過(guò)程中表達(dá)對(duì)自己的祖國(guó)的熱愛。
3. Ss are demanded to look at the map of China and the names of countries, islands and seas beyond China. Say what the positions are of the different places and waters in relation to China.(Groups work )
Ss are divided into 2 groups:
Topic 1----countries and islands in relation to China
Topic 2----seas and oceans in relation to China
* Goal: 充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生參與教學(xué)的積極性通過(guò)地圖-這一直觀的教具的刺激，使學(xué)生對(duì)掌握的地理知識(shí)進(jìn)行回憶；同時(shí)運(yùn)用已學(xué)的方位（位置）表達(dá)詞組：lies in, lie on, lie to加以操練鞏固。并引入本課的重點(diǎn)---中國(guó)的鄰國(guó)、鄰海和臨近島嶼。
Step 2 Task –cycle （Listening ）
1. Pre-listening:
Show the Ss five pictures of well-known beautiful islands worldwide:
(1) Hainan Island (China)
(2) Phuket Island (Thailand)
(3) Dongtou Island (Wenzhou)
(4) South Island (New Zealand)
(5) Dolphin Island (Fiji)
然后讓學(xué)生小組討論以下問(wèn)題，各組派一人回答。
1) Do you know the islands? What’s their location?
2) Which country do they belong to?
3) What do you think they attractive so many tourists home and abroad? ( Long, white and attractive bay; named paradise. etc.)
Goal: 教師展示五幅著名島嶼的畫面，并設(shè)置開放性問(wèn)題，進(jìn)一步啟發(fā)學(xué)生進(jìn)行口頭描述，旨在從視覺和聽覺上激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)本聽力話題-鯨魚島的興趣。
2. While-listening
1) First listening for information
Get the Ss to listen to the tape and get the information needed in the form below:
Location
Length
Width
Made up of
Capital
Cities
Goal: 提醒學(xué)生在首聽的過(guò)程中尤其注意捕捉該島的以上特定信息，以養(yǎng)成在進(jìn)行有關(guān)介紹國(guó)家、城市、地點(diǎn)的聽力訓(xùn)練中準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)、第一時(shí)間地汲取這一首要信息的良好習(xí)慣。
2）.Second listening and marking on the map
Listen to the tape a second time ,write down and mark other 3 cities, beach, rock, etc. on the map as quickly as possible. Check in group.
Goal: 成功獲取相關(guān)信息后，并在地圖上標(biāo)出是進(jìn)行地理性文章的聽力訓(xùn)練的另一重要環(huán)節(jié)。
3）.Third listening and answer the Qs in the text (P37) and talk about the island(Group work)
Goal: 說(shuō)&寫在聽力訓(xùn)練中是兩個(gè)不可缺少的環(huán)節(jié)，起著相輔相成的重要作用。
3.Post-listening: （Suggestion: Time not permitting, leave it as homework.）
Task:
DIY Listening material. Ss are asked to:
First-find a favorite island in China or abroad (Qiandaohu Island / Dongtou Island / Taiwan Island etc. )
Next-write down the location and direction and other information they like
Finally-record the material in the tape
Goal: 學(xué)生在DIY自制聽力材料的“三步曲中”，即能體驗(yàn)“采，編，播”的 樂趣，又可感受合作帶來(lái)的快樂。該任務(wù)可作為學(xué)生的課后作業(yè)。
Period 2 Speaking
Step 1 Pre-task
1.Revision: Competition in asking and answering （Pair work ）
展示中國(guó)地圖，學(xué)生進(jìn)行提問(wèn)和回答，多者勝。如：
(1) Sa: Where is Thailand?
Sb: It lies on the southeast of China.
(2) Sa: What’s the position of Sea of Japan?
Sb: It lies to the southeast of Helongjiang.
(3) Sa: Where is Qinhai located?
Sb: It’ s in the western part of our motherland.
Goal: (1) 激活學(xué)生思維。
(2) 重溫并引出本課的重點(diǎn)-如何用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)方位與位置，注意使用一些詞組，如：
lie in / to / on the south of…
in the northern / western part of…
southeastern / northeastern Zhejiang ..
Central / East China
2. Make up a dialogue ( Group work)
展示新建成的甬臺(tái)溫高速公路(直至福建省廈門)的道路圖，根據(jù)圖所示的方向，距離進(jìn)行口語(yǔ)操練。
Situation given:
My family plans to have an automobile tour from Wenzhou to….。The members are discussing which city to be chosen as the destination along the highway.
A-Dad. B-One member in the family
Goal: 活躍課堂氣氛；鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生將本課中有關(guān)方位距離的表達(dá)運(yùn)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中；同時(shí)培養(yǎng)合作精神。
Step2 Task-cycle
1. Mechanical practice (Class work)
(1) Learn the dialogue
a. Read the dialogue
b. Find out all the useful expressions about describing location and direction.(Get the Ss to focus on the word formation: -ern / south + east= southeast)
(2) Practice ( Pair work )
Act it out.
Goal: 通過(guò)對(duì)話的學(xué)習(xí)和操練，學(xué)生能進(jìn)一步熟悉和了解此項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言功能的日常交際用語(yǔ)，為下一步的應(yīng)用、掌握奠定基礎(chǔ)。
2. Situational practice ( Group work)
Show five typical seaside cities in Zhejiang and describe where they are. How can you get to these cities from Wenzhou?
Names of the city Describe where it is: to the north, south, east, west of…; The nearest city/ county is…; to the river, sea, ocean
Goal:通過(guò)句型操練，學(xué)生能進(jìn)一步鞏固此項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言功能的日常交際用語(yǔ)。
Step 3 Post-task “Welcome to Wenzhou!” ( An interview at the travel conference )
Design: Suppose you were a manager of a Travel Service in Wenzhou, you are introducing the known places of interest to the travel agencies or the travel reporters in other cities in China.
Individual work
Each thinks of the known places of interest in Wenzhou and describe their locations. For example:
● Mount Yandang lies about 100 kilometers north of Wenzhou.
● Dong Spring lies in Taishun, a village county, 300 kilometers northwest of Fuzhou.
● Dongtou Island, about 80 kilometres off the east coast of Wenzhou, is famous for beach and waters.
Group work
Divide the class into two groups. Talk about the places of interest in Wenzhou at the national tourism conference. Two suggested situations are for them to choose one as they like.
Situation 1---- Welcome to visit the sceneries of Wenzhou! ( Speech by a manage of Wenzhou Abroad Travel Service )
Situation 2 ---- Interview between a manager of Wenzhou travel service and the travel reporters nationwide.
Ask them not to forget to put the proper feeling into the speech or interview, adding some proper facial expressions and body language.
Goal: 1. 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生善于利用各種機(jī)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行真實(shí)交際。
2. 增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自信心，豐富的想象力和獨(dú)到的見解。
3. 提高學(xué)生“說(shuō)”- 即語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用技能。
Homework:
Draw a map of Wenzhou, including cities, seven counties, rivers, islands and traveling spots, and mark them out in the map. Show it in slide the next lesson. (Better in group)
學(xué)生以小組為單位，通過(guò)各種途徑如Internet等搜集有關(guān)溫州的組成、地理、河流、島嶼和景點(diǎn)，并將它們標(biāo)在地圖上，在用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言描述。要求以圖片或powerpoint的形式由每組的group speaker展示.
Goal: 1.充分利用現(xiàn)代網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源進(jìn)行探究性學(xué)習(xí)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)，同時(shí)團(tuán)體合作精神。
2.抒發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的熱愛。
Period3&4 Reading
Step 1 Pre-task
1.Talk about some island countries. ( Pair work )
(Ss ma say: Australia, Japan, the Philippines, etc. and get one to report the result.)
Goal: 學(xué)生和partner交換信息，可包括位置、氣候、語(yǔ)言、時(shí)區(qū)等。教師提示學(xué)生：準(zhǔn)確使用方位的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。通過(guò)該環(huán)節(jié)的語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練，為引出本課的話題-太平洋島國(guó)New Zealand作鋪墊，同時(shí)使學(xué)生事先獲取相關(guān)信息。
2. Look and guess
Present five pictures of New Zealand.
Get the Ss to listen some clues of New Zealand:
(1) nearest country to Australia (3) almost as the same size as Japan
(2) cattle farming (4) one of the first countries to see a new day
(5) 12 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)
Goal: 通過(guò)展示圖片與給出線索，使學(xué)生在視覺和聽覺上的刺激，自然地導(dǎo)入-新西蘭，再者激發(fā)了學(xué)生獲取更多信息的欲望。
Step 2 Task-cycle
1. Pre-reading
Make a choice: Suppose we’re going to pay a visit to New Zealand, please make a choice as you like before starting off.
What would you like to go ? How long is your stay?
□ All New Zealand □ 3-7 days
□ North Island □ 8-13 days
□ South Island □ 14+ days
Goal: 通過(guò)兩個(gè)的問(wèn)題的回答，使學(xué)生置身于“新西蘭之旅”中，增添了實(shí)效性與可操作性。接著提問(wèn)：Can you tell us the reason why you choose…?引出本文的具體內(nèi)容,如：geography features, climate, population, landscapes, etc.
2. While-reading
(1) Skimming: Look at the map , read the first paragraph and then put the eight parts (made as boards): (1)North Island, (2)South Island, (3) the Pacific, (4) Wellington, (5) Auckland, (6) Christchurch, (7) Queenstown, (8) the Tasman Sea. on the map of New Zealand correctly.
Goal: 直觀教具使學(xué)生更易于知曉該國(guó)的地理位置與城市，增加文章的親切感。
(2) Scanning
a. First scanning. Divide the whole passage into four parts.
Para1: Geographical feature and cities.
Para2: Climate
Para3: Landscapes
Para4: Earliest settlers-Maori
Goal: Scanning 使學(xué)生對(duì)文章的脈絡(luò)更清晰，為下一步找出細(xì)節(jié)作好鋪墊。
b. Read the passage again and finish answering questions in the following form.
Par. Main Idea Detailed Information
1 Geographical feature and cities (1) What’s the location?
(2) What’re the waters in relation to NZ?
(3) (Marking the main cities, capital, two parts-north / south islands, seas, ocean on the map.)
2 Climate (1) What’s the main type of climate ?
(2) What are the seasons like?
3 What landscapes can we see in NZ? (1) What can we see near the coastline?
(2) Where can we see volcanoes and hot springs?
(3) What’s NZ’s national bird?
4 The earliest settlers-Maori (1) What was NZ called 100 years ago?
(2) What did they bring in to NZ when they settled ?
(3) Who has ever related to NZ besides Chinese Captain Zhou?
(4) When is considered as a national holiday?
Goal: 此類文章信息多，經(jīng)過(guò)梳理后并不雜，易于學(xué)生掌握關(guān)鍵詞，為下步的Retell打好伏筆。
(3) Practice for understanding and word study
在幫助學(xué)生理清文章的線索的過(guò)程中，仍須處理以下問(wèn)題：
1. Which of the following refers to New Zealand? ( C )
A. It is made up of four parts -Wales, England, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
B. It consists of four parts -Hokkaido, Kyushu, Honshu and Shikoku.
C. There are two parts in it -North Island and South Island.
D. It is made up of three islands, including Bali Island.
2. What does the words “ these settlers” in Para 4 refers to? (B )
A. Englishmen B. Europeans C. Americans D. Polynesians
3. What’s the Chinese for the word “hot spring” in the text? (C )
A. 暖春 B. 加熱了的彈簧 C. 溫泉 D. 受人崇拜的年輕人
4. Which of the statements are NOT TRUE? ( B )
A. Maldives lies off the east coast of the Indian Ocean.
B. Guangdong lies to the southeast of Hunan.
C. East Tibet lies Sichuang Province.
D. The East China Sea lies to the east of Zhejiang Province.
5. Which of the following words is of the same root as “surround”?
A. discover B. natural C. possession D. landscape
Goal: 幫助學(xué)生更好地猜測(cè)詞義，鞏固構(gòu)詞法，及準(zhǔn)確理解文章，并在課文的基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)?shù)匮由臁?/p>
(4) Consolidation
Retell the passage with the help of the form.( Let the Ss to retell different parts of the text)
Goal: 通過(guò)復(fù)述使學(xué)生注意抓住中心關(guān)鍵詞句，提高英語(yǔ)思維能力和表達(dá)能力。
3. Post-reading
(1) Role play:
Situation-Roles: a guide ( with a small flag ); three tourists ( with travel cap on head)
Destination: New Zealand
Demands: Each of the tourists should ask the guide at least two questions about any of the main topics in the reading material
要求表演的學(xué)生適當(dāng)加上體態(tài)、表情，做到熱情自然，觀眾學(xué)生則根據(jù)他們的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)：
評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容 自評(píng) 互評(píng)
Language
Eye Contact
Smile
Body Movement
Other Facial Expression
滿分：20 各項(xiàng)均4分
Goal:
1. 將 “復(fù)述”進(jìn)行包裝, 使學(xué)生在原有的Retell基礎(chǔ)上完成得更好。
2. 在真實(shí)的體驗(yàn)中，即充當(dāng)導(dǎo)游和游客，滲透了情感因素，激勵(lì)學(xué)生正確使用地道迫切愿望；讓閱讀和交際相輔相成。
(2) Open-minded question
Suppose you were a teenager brought up in a Maori village. In the near future, would you prefer to remain in the village and continue your own way of life, or to live in big modern cities? Why?
“原住民的生活方式是留還是去？”將這個(gè)引起大家爭(zhēng)議的話題引入課堂中，是對(duì)本課話題的進(jìn)一步的延伸；通過(guò)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極關(guān)注身邊發(fā)生的事，拓展視野。
Step 3 Post-task
1. More information input about New Zealand. ( Pair work )
Students are asked to find more information related to New Zealand ( culture, language, sports and spare time, agriculture, Captain Cook, the movie The Lord of the Rings) by Internet, English books and newspaper. Then show them to the class the next lesson in form of dialogue, speech, short play, etc.
Goal: 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生課外探究學(xué)習(xí)的能力，和合作精神；讓學(xué)生以演講、短劇等多種形式展示成果，有利于發(fā)揮自主學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的能動(dòng)性。
2. Writing about:
Topic-- Similarities between New Zealand and …
(Ss can choose any island country they like to make a comparison. Be sure to make a list before writing. 120-150 words)
(Two days is given to Ss in purpose of making good preparation and offering perfect answers.)
Goal: 該閱讀為Integrating Skills的寫作打下基礎(chǔ)。
板書設(shè)計(jì)：
Para. Main Idea Detailed Information
1 Geographical feature and cities Location_________
Consists_________
Waters in relation to NZ___________
Cities______ Capital______
2 Climate Climate _________
Coldest season_______
Warmest season_______
3 What landscapes can we see in NZ? Sights_________
National bird_______
4 Earliest settlersMaori/Europeans Persons discovering NZ:___________
Period 5 Language study & grammar
Step1 Pre-task
Match competition
Match Column B with Column A correctly (within 1.5minutes)
A B
sunny professor
kind-hearted forests
sandy boy
wooded season
knowledgeable skyscraper
naught lawyer
exciting movie
23-story desert
Goal: 1. 鞏固復(fù)習(xí)已有的詞匯（形容詞和名詞），并進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的搭配。
2. 復(fù)習(xí)形容詞的構(gòu)詞法：-y / -ed / -ing / -ous / Num.-n.
3. 限時(shí)競(jìng)賽的形式，可激發(fā)學(xué)生的興奮點(diǎn)和好勝心。
Step 2 Task-cycle
1. Expansion of word.
Ss are divided into 4 groups and choose one of the following:
Get the Ss to find out Nouns and Adjectives describing…and combine them. Then talk about them.
1: weather and time ( Suggested combination: sunny morning / snowy evening / windy season)
2:people in different professions with different characters. (Suggested combination: kind-hearted lawyer/ grumpy manager / timid taxi-driver / shy actor / gracious house-keeper / knowledgeable professor / cold-blooded boss , etc.)
3: buildings
4: movie
*Encourage Ss to speak out as many Nouns and Adjectives as possible. Praise those who can find out more words.
Goal: 1. 學(xué)生通過(guò)brainstorm活動(dòng)，快速激活學(xué)生的詞匯，提高識(shí)記能力。
2. 為下一環(huán)節(jié)的語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練打下伏筆。
2. Finish Ex on Page 40.
3. Grammar study: Tell what “it” in the following refers to:
Teacher says: Last night when I was alone at home, I heard a knock at my defense door. I was so frightened that I did dare to open the door, for I wondered who it was outside the door. What does it stand for? ( It stands for an unknown person whose gender one doesn’t know.)
Goal: 以情景導(dǎo)入本單元語(yǔ)法的學(xué)習(xí), 即： “It”的用法。
4． Class work
(1) Judge what the impersonal “it” can be used to talk about.
● The smoke is not a warm-blooded animal. It is a cold-blooded one.
● –Who is knocking at the door? --It’s me.
● --- What time is it? --It’s 3 o’clock.
● It’s a long way outside. Put on more clothes.
● It’s nearly 80 kilometers to the south of the Philippines.
Summary: Impersonal “it” can be used to talk about something/ somebody mentioned above, time, date, weather, season, distance, environment, etc.
(2) Find out the proper Adj. and make up sentences using “It” as in the subject position to stand for the infinitive or a clause. (Pair work)
Eg. It’s nice to be with you. (代不定式)
It’s rather exciting that one makes something impossible possible. （代that-clause）
It doesn’t interest me whether he comes or not. （代 whether-clause）
一人找出評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞，partner則說(shuō)出一個(gè)詞組或完整的句子，然后將兩部分連成一句，要求(1) It用做形式主語(yǔ) (2)句子意思適當(dāng)。
Goal: 1. 檢測(cè)學(xué)生正確使用 “It” 做形式主語(yǔ)的的能力。
2. 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在交際中靈活運(yùn)用詞匯的意識(shí)。
3. 開放式的練習(xí)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性思維。
Step 3 Post-task
Expanded reading.
Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with “it is” or “it” and explain what each “it” is used for.
My favorite time of the year in Beijing is the spring. Right now, ___ May, and you can see green trees and beautiful flowers everywhere. Although ____ cooler in the morning and evening than in the afternoon, ____ still warm enough to wear skirts or shorts. There are many interesting places you may want to visit. With buses and underground, ___ easy to get to any places you want to go. ___ only half a kilometer from the underground station to Tian’anmen Square. From there, you can take a coach to the Great Wall and get back before ___ gets dark.
Goal: 學(xué)生在語(yǔ)篇中進(jìn)一步體會(huì) “it”做主語(yǔ)的各種用法。
Period 6 Integrating Skills ( Reading and writing )
Step 1 Pre-task
1. Warming-up
Review what’s been learned about New Zealand in the text.
Class work What has been mentioned in the text? Get the Ss to kick them out.
△ geography △ history △ language △sports and spare time
△ agriculture △industry △ buildings △ politics
△ natural beauty △ wildlife △ marae △ resource
Q: What further knowledge about New Zealand would you like to get?
Goal:承上啟下，為下一步的閱讀做鋪墊。
2. Reading the passage: Life in New Zealand
(1) Skimming
What general information can you get after reading?
(Population; culture; language; sports, etc.)
(2) Scanning
a. Find out the main idea of each paragraph and complete the form.
Main Topics
Para.1 Population, ethnic groups and the languages spoken by them
Para.2 Culture of one ethnic group-Maori that are native to NZ
Para.3 Agricultural products ( famous )
Para.4 Sports and spare time
b. Second scanning.
Read the passage a second time and write down the words needed in the blanks. (Group work)
What can be written in a description? ( New Zealand )
Population ______ million, ____ ( 14% )
Language _______ (majority ); Maori language
Culture of natives 1. common meeting place:_____________
2. wedding, burial or conference:________
Agriculture 1. main agriculture:_____________
2. products:_____, lamb, ______, ______, forests products, ____________, wine
Sports& free time sailing, _______, ___________, rock-climbing, ______, seaside trip
Sights Cape Reinge, ____________, Waimangu Volcanic Valley,
Get groups leaders to report.
Goal: 學(xué)生通過(guò)以上兩項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，從粗到細(xì)，即從基本框架到細(xì)節(jié)信息把握住了范文，知曉“該寫什么？” 和 “怎么寫？”一篇國(guó)家或地區(qū)的介紹性文章。
Step 2 Task-cycle
1. Pre-writing
Show pictures of Wenzhou-the city in which we live.
Possible topics about Wenzhou are supplied to the Ss:
(1) Geographic feature and culture
(2) Population and language
(3) Economy ( trade, industry, agriculture ); what it is famous for
(4) Life of Wenzhounese in spare life and sights
Each group choose two of the topics above for their writing.
Discuss what to mention in the writing according to the above form and find out some useful words and phrases in the text.
Goal: 討論后各小組可集思廣益，選出合適的詞或詞組，為寫作做詞匯上的準(zhǔn)備。
2. Writing
Ss write about 15 sentences with the help of the form, and put them in order. Get the Ss to focus on the division of paragraphs.
Step 3. Evaluation
Pair work: 各自先讀自己的作文，以發(fā)現(xiàn)不妥之處；交換，從時(shí)態(tài)、單詞拼寫、所用詞匯及內(nèi)容方面進(jìn)行修改。
Class work: 展示1-2篇優(yōu)秀作文（幻燈機(jī)）；推薦1位學(xué)生評(píng)講。然后教師總結(jié)。
Homework:
任務(wù)型活動(dòng)：
要求：
根據(jù)地圖和提示，寫一篇介紹臺(tái)灣的短文。詞數(shù)：120左右。
1． 臺(tái)灣的地理位置。
2． 臺(tái)灣是我過(guò)最大的島嶼，面積36,000 平方公里，人口兩千多萬(wàn)。主要城市有臺(tái)北、臺(tái)中、臺(tái)南和基隆。
3． 自然資源豐富，香蕉、稻米、茶葉等弄產(chǎn)品馳名中外。
4． 風(fēng)景優(yōu)美，氣候宜人，世界各地的游客紛至沓來(lái)。
5． 臺(tái)灣自古以就是我國(guó)的一部分。島內(nèi)絕大多數(shù)居民來(lái)自福建、廣東。海峽兩岸人民都有統(tǒng)一祖國(guó)的強(qiáng)烈愿望。
New words: 古代 ancient time
南海 South China Sea
臺(tái)灣海峽 the Taiwan Strait
統(tǒng)一 unite