●知識(shí)記憶
§2.1知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)
1.quit vt. 放棄，停止，離開(kāi)
I’ve quit my job.我辭職了。
I’ve quit working.
我已經(jīng)停止工作。
I’d had enough,so I quit.
我受夠了，所以辭職不干了。
2.burden
（1）n. 負(fù)擔(dān)，責(zé)任
She bore the burden of caring for her sick mother.
她母親生病，她擔(dān)負(fù)起照料的重任。
The boy was a burden to/on his family.
那個(gè)男孩是他家里的一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)。
（2）vt. 負(fù)擔(dān)，給……加負(fù)擔(dān)
I don’t want to burden her with my trouble.
我不想以我的苦惱加重她的負(fù)擔(dān)。
3.relief n. （痛苦、困苦、憂慮等）減輕或解除；援助
Will this medicine give immediate relief from pain?
吃了這藥能馬上止痛嗎？
They often send relief to refugees.
他們經(jīng)常送救濟(jì)物品給難民。
4.deliver v. 遞送，傳送，發(fā)言，接生
Would you deliver my message to your mother?
你可以幫我傳口信給你母親嗎？
The mailman delivers the mail twice a day in this area.
這個(gè)地區(qū)的郵差每天送兩次信。
He delivered a long speech.
他發(fā)表了一場(chǎng)很長(zhǎng)的演說(shuō)。
The doctor managed to deliver the triplets safely.
醫(yī)生總算平安順利地接生了那三胞胎。
5.properly adv. 恰當(dāng)?shù)�，正確地
The child can’t use chopsticks properly.
那小孩不能正確使用筷子。
properly speaking=to speak properly
6.apply（...） to...運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用
The nurse applied a bandage to the wound.
護(hù)士將傷口包上繃帶。
You can’t apply this rule to every case.
這規(guī)則并不能適用于所有的狀況。
What you said doesn’t apply to me.
你所說(shuō)的對(duì)我不適用。
apply oneself to...專心致力于……，專心從事
7.go for
（1）攻擊，批評(píng)
She really went for me when I came in late.
我來(lái)晚了，她狠狠地罵了我一頓。
（2）試圖得到，爭(zhēng)取獲得
Smith is going for gold in the 200 meters.
史密斯想爭(zhēng)奪200米金牌。
（3）挑選，拿
When you offer him sweets,he always goes for the biggest one.
你給他糖果時(shí)，他總是挑最大的。
（4）喜歡，被……吸引
Do you go for modern music?
你喜歡現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)嗎？
（5）適用于，應(yīng)用于
He thought the lunch was terrible,and the same goes for all the rest of us too.
他認(rèn)為這頓午餐糟透了，我們其他人也有同感。
8.live through活過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)（困難、危險(xiǎn)）之后仍舊活著
He lived through two world wars.
他經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。
9.tough adj. 堅(jiān)韌的，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的，能吃苦耐勞的
Only tough breeds of sheep can live in the mountains.
只有強(qiáng)壯品種的羊才能在山區(qū)生存。
We won the contract,but only through a lot of tough negotiating.
我們贏得了合同，但卻是經(jīng)過(guò)了多次不屈不撓的談判才達(dá)到的。
§2.2發(fā)散思維
1.lose heart泄氣，灰心
Don’t lose heart;have another try.
別灰心，再試一次。
注意heart的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
by heart默記
have a change of heart改變主意
have...at heart把……牢記在心
have the heart to do有勇氣做
heart and soul全心全意地
lose one’s heart to 愛(ài)上某人，傾心于
take heart振作精神
2.keep up維持，保持
Will the weather keep up?
這樣的天氣會(huì)持續(xù)下去嗎？
注意keep相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
keep away from避開(kāi)，離開(kāi)
keep back后退，阻止
keep...from不使做，不做
keep from doing避免做
keep off...離開(kāi)，使不接近
keep on繼續(xù)
keep out不進(jìn)去，使不接近
keep out of置身于……之外，從……離開(kāi)
keep up with跟上
3.lose one’s way迷路
When they went into the forest,they lost their way.
他們進(jìn)入了森林就迷了路。
注意way的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
all the way一直
by the way順便一提
by way of經(jīng)過(guò)，經(jīng)由
find one’s way找到路，設(shè)法到達(dá)
get into the way of doing養(yǎng)成做……的習(xí)慣
in any way不管怎樣，好歹
in a way在某種程度上，有點(diǎn)
in no way決不
in the way妨礙
lead the way領(lǐng)路，指導(dǎo)
make one’s way前進(jìn)，行走
No way沒(méi)門(mén)
on the/one’s way（to）...在去……的路上
under way（計(jì)劃等）進(jìn)行中
●語(yǔ)篇領(lǐng)悟
閱讀本單元對(duì)話與課文，完成下列各題:
§1.1細(xì)枝末節(jié)
1.The reason why my father wanted to go to California is that .
A.California was in desert
B.California was far away
C.California was a wonderful land described in a book
D.California was the largest state in the USA
答案：C
2.People moving to the west would meet in .
A.Kansas
B.California
C.Salt Lake Valley
D.Salt Lake Desert
答案：A
3.On which day did the author enter the Salt Lake Desert?
A.April 12. B.November 4.
C.October 15. D.December 25.
答案：B
4.Why did the travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long Drive”?
A.Because the landscape was dry and barren.
B.Because water was salty and not drinkable.
C.Because their water supply was so low.
D.All of the above.
答案：D
5.After the travelers burnt their wagons,they had to go on their feet with another
miles to go.
A.2 500 B.500
C.90 D.45
答案：B
6.Why didn’t the author stay behind with the children and wait for help?
A.Because that meant he/she would die.
B.Because he/she knew that children were tiresome.
C.Because he/she knew that there was a wagon waiting for him/her.
D.Because he/she felt he/she could get a prize by his/her father.
答案：A
7.The animals almost ran when the travelers reached the edge of the desert,why?
A.Because they were tired and weak.
B.Because they had no burden.
C.Because they must have smelt the water.
D.Because they went back to their home.
答案：C
§1.2 推理判斷
8.How long did the author spend finishing the journey?
A.More than 40 months.
B.About 2 months.
C.About a year.
D.About a year and a month.
答案：A
9.From the text,we can infer .
A.the author and the travelers had to go all day and all night long
B.there was no oxen left when the travelers reached California
C.many travelers died when their days of hardship came to an end
D.it’s a long way to travel from the author’s hometown to California
答案：D
§1.3主旨大意
10.The best title of the text is .
A.A Journey To California
B.Long Drive
C.The Salt Lake Desert
D.Enjoy Your Life
答案：B
§3.4用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.My friends did what they could （help） me out when I was in difficulty.
答案：to help
2.Don’t be discouraged. （take） things as they are and you’ll enjoy every day of your life.
答案：Take
3.They didn’t like my suggestion that we （share） the cost of the trip.
答案：share
4.Professor Wang once （work） in Africa with wild animals for eight years.
答案：worked
5.-I ran my car into a tree yesterday.
-I suppose you （drive） too fast.
答案：were driving
6.Before they reached the house,a new wave came, （sweep） down trees and brought down some walls.
答案：swept
7.I lost my way in complete darkness and, （make） matters worse,it began to pour.
答案：to make
8. （produce） different kinds of pianos,the factory is sure they can satisfy people’s needs.
答案：Having produced
9.He （play） football with other boys when he should have been doing his homework.
答案：was playing
10.He kept looking at her, （wonder） whether he had seen her somewhere.
答案：wondering
●思路開(kāi)拓
§4.1實(shí)戰(zhàn)類例
1.（重慶2004）I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.
A.I realized B.I had realized
C.had I realized D.did I realize
解析：以only+狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子要用倒裝。
答案：D
2.（廣東2004）Helen always helps her mother even though going to school most of her day.
A.takes up B.makes up
C.saves up D.puts up
解析：take up占用（時(shí)間）， make up補(bǔ)足， save up儲(chǔ)存， put up建立。
答案：A
3.（湖南2004）Everyone was on time for the meeting- Chris,who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.
A.but B.only
C.even D.yet
解析：even“甚至”，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明每個(gè)人都按時(shí)參加會(huì)議。
答案：C
4.（湖北2004） straight on and you’ll see a church.You won’t miss it.
A.Go B.Going
C.If you go D.When going
解析：從后邊的and以及 and后的句子用將來(lái)時(shí)可知本句是個(gè)祈使句。
答案：A
5.（福建2004）It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A.because B.which
C.since D.that
解析：這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，with great joy是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。
答案：D
§3.5 句型轉(zhuǎn)換
完成B句，使其與A句意思相同或相近。（每空一詞）
1.A.By the way,what time does your watch say?
B.By the way,what time is it ?
答案：by your watch
2.A.Although he had a disease of the brain which was getting worse,he decided to continue with his research.
B.Although he had a disease of the brain which was getting worse,he decided to
his research.
答案：go on with
3.A.I’ve always dreamt of coming to China,and now my dream has become a reality.
B.I’ve always dreamt of coming to China,and now my dream has .
答案：come true
4.A.I’m determined to enjoy myself as much as I can,even though I can’t see everything.
B.I’m determined to enjoy myself ,even though I can’t see everything.
答案：as much as possible
5.A.One of the towers is on the top of the hill,but the other buildings are easy to get to.
B.One of the towers is on the top of the hill,but the buildings are easy to get to.
答案：the rest of
6.A.Hopefully tomorrow will turn out to be a fine day.
B. tomorrow will turn out to be a fine day.
答案：It is hoped that
7.A.That is because this professor has a disease which prevent him from speaking.
B.That is because this professor has a disease which him speaking.
答案：stops/keeps;from
8.A.By the time he was 21 years old he had already begun to notice that it was difficult to move around.
B. 21 years old he had already begun to notice that it was difficult to move around.
答案：By the age of
9.A.Why do people come to his lectures since he is difficult to understand?
B.Why do people come to his lectures since
him?
答案：it is difficult to understand
10.A.The truth is that everyone should help disabled people,not just the government.
B.The truth is that everyone should disabled people,not just the government.
答案：take care of
§3.3介詞、副詞填空
1.-Thank you very much helping to repair my computer.
-That’s all right.Thanks your letter,I can come in time and repair it for you.
答案：for;to
2.I don’t know what happened-we just got cut .
答案：off
3. more and more forests destroyed,some animals are facing the danger of dying out.
答案：With
4.Paper made the fibers of that plant is as soft and light as silk.
答案：from
5.He tried to speed the car,but it was impossible,for it was too old and it could only run a speed of 30 km an hour.
答案：up;at
6.Teachers and students couldn’t agree the spring outing,but the headmaster agreed the plan.
答案：on;to
7.It’s nice to travel expenses paid by your employers.
答案：with
8.I will go to attend the meeting on condition that it clears tomorrow.
答案：up
9.Little by little I have found my neighbor great help to my work and study.
答案：of
10.Every summer those who want to visit the Great Wall come to Beijing great numbers.
答案：in
§3.2 單項(xiàng)填空
1.It was nearly an hour the sleeping pill effect.
A.when;took B.before;took
C.when;had D.before;had
解析：take effect意為“起作用”。
答案：B
2.Carol said the work would be done by 8 o’clock, I personally doubt very much.
A.it B.that
C.when D.which
解析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前邊一句話。
答案：D
3.On the contrary,I think it is Truman you, to blame.
A.more than;are
B.less than;who are
C.rather than;that is
D.rather than;is
解析：rather than“而不是”， be to blame“應(yīng)受責(zé)備”。
答案：C
4.In autumn,the cattle have into the cattle pen and counted.
A.been arranged
B.to be arranged
C.been rounded up
D.to be rounded up
解析：have been表示“已經(jīng)”， have to表示“不得不”， round up指“圈起來(lái)”。
答案：D
5.Does it to let children chat online with strangers?
A.make sure B.make out
C.make known D.make sense
解析：make sense “起作用，有意義”。
答案：D
6.You’ve been working so hard for nearly a month.Relax yourself,or you will
sooner or later.
A.put down B.get down
C.break down D.turn down
解析：break down在此處指“身體垮掉”。
答案：C
7.It’s a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them .
A.properly B.repeatedly
C.clearly D.jokingly
解析：repeatedly“反復(fù)地，多次地”。句意為“多次看單詞對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是記憶新單詞的好方法”。
答案：B
8.The women carrying babies,come in first, ?
A.will you B.will they
C.don’t they D.don’t you
解析：本句暗含祈使句。在The women前省略了 Let/Make/Have。
答案：A
9.The time he has devoted in the past ten years the disabled is now considered
of great value.
A.to help;being
B.to helping;to be
C.to help;to be
D.helping;being
解析：devote ...to doing“獻(xiàn)身于……，將……奉獻(xiàn)于”， be considered to be “被認(rèn)為是……”。
答案：B
10. either your parents or your elder brother to attend the meeting tomorrow?
A.Is B.Are
C.Have D.Will
解析：在either...or,neither...nor句型中，動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)依據(jù)“就近性”原則。
答案：B
11.It was unexpected that I my childhood friend in such a far-away small town at all.
A.knocked into B.turned up
C.took pride in D.keep up with
解析：knock into“碰見(jiàn)”， turn up“出現(xiàn)”， take pride in“以……為驕傲”， keep up with“跟上”。
答案：A
12.Old memories are often when you hear a particular song or a piece of music.
A.called in B.called on
C.called out D.called up
解析：call up“喚起，使……記起”。
答案：D
13.I can’t make a decision right now.I need more time to think it over.
A.fairly B.rather
C.too much D.many
解析：rather可以修飾比較級(jí)，表示“很，更”。
答案：B
14. he works hard,I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
A.As soon as B.As well as
C.So far as D.So long as
解析：so/as long as“只要”。本句意為“只要他工作努力，我不在乎他什么時(shí)候做完這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)”。
答案：D
15.I listened to Dr Johnson’s lecture about biology,but I failed to get its key .
A.words B.points
C.notes D.message
解析：key points“主題”。
答案：B
§3.6單句改錯(cuò)
下列句子均有一處錯(cuò)誤（或多一詞，或缺一詞，或錯(cuò)一詞），請(qǐng)找出并改正。
1.The girl you considered being honest was caught cheating in the exam.
解析：consider作“認(rèn)為”解時(shí)，后接從句或復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、 to be或 to have done等）。
答案：去掉being或 being改為 to be
2.Our English teacher suggested us buy a good English-Chinese dictionary.
解析：suggest表示“建議”時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞、v.-ing形式或that從句。
答案：buy改為 buying
3.The news which China has won 32 gold medals at the Athens Olympic Games is true.
解析：China has won 32 gold medals at the Athens Olympic Games是 the news的同位語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句要用 that。
答案：which改為 that
4.-Where do you suggest we go to Beijing for our holiday?
-I think we’d better fly there.
解析：根據(jù)第二句fly there可知第一句問(wèn)的是“怎樣去北京”。
答案：Where改為 How
5.If your home is on a fire and you could save only one thing,what would it be?
解析：be on fire“著火”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。
答案：去掉a
6.Our house is worth of about 200 000 yuan.
解析：be worth后常接v.-ing形式、表示錢數(shù)的詞以及相當(dāng)于“代價(jià)”之類的名詞。
答案：去掉of
7.At the surprise of them,Isabel tore up the letter in her hand angrily.
解析：to one’s surprise（joy/horror/disappointment,etc.）=to the surprise（joy/horror/disa-
ppointment） of sb.。
答案：At改為 To
8.There used to be a church behind the school,didn’t it?
解析：there be構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的“主語(yǔ)”部分習(xí)慣上用 there。
答案：it改為 there
9.I feel like have a nice cool glass of lemonade.
解析：feel like doing“喜歡做某事”，是固定搭配。
答案：have改為 having
10.Didn’t you put any matches in your pocket?
解析：some可用于反問(wèn)，即否定疑問(wèn)句中，表示“一些”。
答案：any改為 some