Module 3 Unit 1 Changing our lives
［教學(xué)過程］
一般過去時的構(gòu)成
★一般過去時是用動詞的過去式來表示的。
His words fetched a laugh from all present.
他的話使在場的人都笑了。
I did not sleep well last night.
我昨晚沒睡好。
Did you direct the tourist to the hotel?
你告訴這位游客去旅館的路了嗎？
提 示
在一般過去時的句子中通常都要有表示過去的時間狀語。
【誤】I visited the Palace Museum. （在沒有上下文的情況下，應(yīng)避免這樣說）
【正】I visited the Palace Museum last year.
【正】I have visited the Palace Museum.
一般過去時的用法
①一般過去時的基本用法
★表示過去某個特定時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
He suddenly fell ill yesterday.
昨天他突然生病了。
The engine stopped because the fuel was used up.
發(fā)動機(jī)因燃料用光而停機(jī)了。
★表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
I wrote home once a week at college.
我上大學(xué)時每周給家里寫一封信。
He was already in the habit of reading widely in his boyhood.
他少年時就養(yǎng)成了廣泛閱讀的習(xí)慣。
★表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一系列動作。
She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully.
她走進(jìn)房間，拿起一本雜志，認(rèn)真地翻閱了起來。
The students went up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.
學(xué)生們很早起床，做早操，然后在室外朗讀英語。
★在時間、條件狀語從句中表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。
We would not leave until the teacher came back.
老師回來我們才會離開。
She told me she would not go if it rained the next day.
她告訴我如果第二天下雨的話，她就不去了。
一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的比較
一般現(xiàn)在時要和現(xiàn)在的時間相聯(lián)系，而一般過去時和說話的“現(xiàn)在”沒有聯(lián)系。
His father is a film director.
他父親是電影導(dǎo)演。
（他現(xiàn)在還是）
His father was a film director.
他父親曾是電影導(dǎo)演。
（他現(xiàn)在不是）
How do you like the novel?
你覺得這部小說怎么樣？
（還在看小說）
How did you like the novel?
你覺得這部小說怎么樣？
（已看完小說）
一般過去時是重要語法內(nèi)容之一，同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)中須認(rèn)真掌握。一般說來注意以下幾點：
1. 表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語如yesterday, last night /‘week / month / year .... ,...ago等連用。如：He was late for school last Monday.
2. 由動詞的過去式來體現(xiàn)，動詞be有was、were兩個過去式，was用于第一、三人稱單數(shù)，were用于其他情況。如：
She was at school yesterday.
They were at home last night.
3. 實義動詞的過去式?jīng)]有單復(fù)數(shù)及人稱的變化，但一般須借助動詞did構(gòu)成其否定句及疑問句。如：
They lived there two years ago. 肯定句
They didn't live there two years ago. 否定句
Did they live there two years ago？疑問句
4. 為幫助同學(xué)們記憶，現(xiàn)將其用法口訣歸納如下：（一般）過去時，表過去，過去時間常不離。
動詞be的過去式，was、were要牢記；was用一三單，were用于其他人稱前。
否定句，was、were 后not添，疑問句，was、were提到主語前。
至于實義動詞過去式，
否定、疑問句要靠did來周全，動詞切記要還原。
Wish的用法
1）后接動詞不定式
I don’t wish to leave my mother.
I wish to give you a good education.
2）后接含有動詞不定式的復(fù)合賓語
You know I wish you to be happy.
Why don’t you wish your son to be a teacher?
3）后接從句
I wish I were an angel.
4）后接雙賓語 wish+間賓+直賓
They wish him good luck.
I wish you a Happy New Year.
Learn與study辨析
1）learn可用于初級階段的學(xué)習(xí)，study用于高級階段的“學(xué)習(xí)”，“研究”。
The child is learning to talk.
She is at university studying law.
2）learn 可表示“學(xué)會”“學(xué)到”，“得知”，而study無此含義。
He studied hard and finally learned the lesson.
I learned that he was in France.
3）“向…學(xué)習(xí)”、“從…學(xué)到”只能用learn（from），而不能用study。
We must learn from Lilei.
What can we learn from this story?
Although
從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意思是“盡管…”、“雖然…”。
Although the moon is very beautiful, the earth is more important.
Although still young he is going very grey.
enough詞性有三個，用作代詞好掌握；定語形容修飾名，名詞前后由你定；副詞狀語表程度，必在形、副后邊行；若是用在動詞前，enough位置準(zhǔn)錯用。
[注]
1. enough用作代詞時，作主語或賓語。
如：You have done more than enough. 你已經(jīng)做得夠多了。
I had enough. Thank you. 我吃的已經(jīng)夠多了，謝謝。
2. enough用作形容詞時，作定語，其位于名詞前、后都可以。如：
I have enough time to do the work. /I have time enough to do the work.
我有足夠的時間做此項工作。
3. enough用作副詞時，修飾形容詞或副詞表示程度，一般放在形容詞或副詞的后邊。
如：long enough, easy enough, fast enough, quickly enough等；但一般不說enough long, enough easy, enough fast, enough quickly。如：
The boy is old enough to go to school. 這個孩子到上學(xué)的年齡了。
4. enough用作副詞修飾動詞時，也需放在動詞之后。如：
The meat is not cooked enough. 肉燉得不夠熟。
［練一練］
1. They ＿＿＿＿＿＿ a movie on TV last night．
A. watches B. watchs C. watched D. watch
2. -What ＿＿＿＿＿＿ you＿＿＿＿＿＿ during the last weekend?
-I played a great new computer game with Mike．
A. do do B. are doing C. did do D. do did
3. She ＿＿＿＿＿＿ to the beach last weekend．
A. go B. went C. going D. is going
4. -How ＿＿＿＿＿ your weekend ?
-Not too bad． I stayed at home and watched TV.
A. was B. is C. did D. Does
5. ＿＿＿＿ you __________（remember） to buy the oranges?
6. Uncle Wang _____________（come ）into the room and __________（find）something to eat.
7. Who _____________（invent）the computer?
8. Lily ______________（study）in the classroom for two hours and then _______ （ leave ）.
9. In the evening at home, he _____ a cup of coffee for Jane. But he ________ not _______ any for himself. （make）
10. Jim _________（do）a lot today. He _________（go）shopping and ________（cook）supper.
11. We _________（go）to the cinema last night. The film ___________（be）very good.
12. I __________（start）packing my bags when it ___________ （ be ） 12 o'clock.
13. What time _________ you __________（get）to school this morning?
答案：
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A
5. Did remember 6. came found 7. invented
8. studied left 9. made did make 10. did went cooked
11. went was 12. started was 13. did get
【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）
一、填空
1. My friend has a lot of money, but I have got only________.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
2. Long ago, there was a poor farmer _______Fred.
A. call B. calling C. called D. to call
3. ________we are old, we still work in the fields every day.
A. Although B. but C. However D. Because
4. He was very ________ poems.
A. well at writing B. good at writing
C. well in writing D. good in writing
5. We still have __________.
A. enough food to eat B. food enough eat.
C. enough food eating D. eat food enough
6. A: ________many clothes?
B: No,__________.
A. Have he got; he have B. Have you got; we have
C. Has he get; he hasn’t got any D. Have you got; we haven’t got any
7. You are very different______ _______ people.
A. between other B. from other
C. from others D. between others
8. I ________happiness and health forever.
A. hope you B. hope your C. wish you D. wish your
9. What can we _________ others?
A. study from B. work for C. work hard D. work-hard
二、選擇正確的單詞完成句子。
1. I’m good at a lot of_________.（subject/ subjects）
2. Fred and his wife, Doris, lived ________（happy/ happily） together in their tiny, old hut.
3. I’d like to ________（give/take）you a wish.
4. I have lived here since I _________（was /were） born.
5. Although it was raining_________（heavy/ heavily）, Alice still went to school.
6. Kally and her classmates are going to __________（play out/ act out） the Luck Fairy story.
7. They ___________（laugh at / smile at） each other.
8. We haven’t got _________（some/ any） coins.
9. I’d _________（suggest/suggests） they go to the Bund.
10. Shanghai is famous _______（for/as） its night views.
三、字母組詞
1. What’s the _______? （tmeatr）
2. One winter night, the lucky________ visited them. （yiFra）
3. Lucy is good at all_________. （jstebucs）
4. He wants to buy some new________.（ltscohe）
5. You work very hard, but you_______ very little money.（anre）
四、單詞組句
1. every, work, we, in, day, fields, the
2. a, Tom, has, of, money, lot, pocket
3. hut, tiny, although, is, his, doesn’t, a, want, he, new, one
4. I, writing, report, to, am, a, manager, the
5. chocolate, cake, a, let’s, have
【試題答案】
一、1-5 BCABA 6-9 DBCA
二、1. subjects 2. happily 3. give 4. was 5. heavily
6. act out 7. smile at 8. any 9. suggest 10 . for
三、1. matter 2. Fairy 3. subjects 4. clothes 5. earn
四、1. We work in the fields every day.
2. Tom has a lot of pocket money.
3. Although his hut is tiny, he doesn’t want a new one.
4. I am writing a report to the manager.
5. Let’s have a chocolate cake.