1. 本單元詞匯的掌握。
2. 一些重要單詞與短語(yǔ)的用法。
3. 本單元難點(diǎn)句的理解。
知識(shí)總結(jié)與歸納
（一）本單元詞匯的掌握：
本單元詞匯眾多，除了短語(yǔ)以外，有大部分詞匯可以運(yùn)用學(xué)過(guò)的構(gòu)詞知識(shí)和在語(yǔ)境中通過(guò)上下文內(nèi)容的判斷來(lái)掌握。
1. 構(gòu)詞：詞根，前綴以及后綴。
inspiration（inspire） biologist（biology; biological）
boundary（bound） promising（promise）
disable（able） misunderstand（understand）
scientific（science; scientist） observe（observation）
unhappiness（un-happiness-happy ） microscope（micro-scope; tele-scope）
geographer（geography） incurable（in-curable; cure）
2. 合成詞：
undertake; radioactivity; wheelchair
3. 通過(guò)讀音和分解的方式記憶下面的單詞：
obvious; curious; agriculture; exploration; intelligent patient
4. 通過(guò)上下文理解詞義：
（1）Thomas Edison said, “Genius（靈感）is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
（2）The students are going to debate which branch of science is the most important and useful to society.
（3）The Senate will debate the subject of tax increases.
（4）After a long debate, the committee all voted to close the factory which polluted the city seriously.
（5）Scan the text to answer the following questions.
（6）I scanned the newspaper while I waited for the train.
（7）she scanned the list of names to see whether hers was on it.
（8）Since then, Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe.
（9）The travelers are seeking shelter from the rain.
（10）The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
（11）Scientists predict that environment pollution will increase in the next ten years. They warn that if we do not take measures to solve the problem, we will ruin our planet.
（12）The police let the man go after they found out that his DNA did not match the DNA they had got from the crime scene.
（二）一些重要單詞與短語(yǔ)的用法：
1. match：比賽，對(duì)手；和……相配，和……相一致, 使……和……相稱。
The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
I’m no match for her when it comes to arithmetic.
He was good at tennis, but he met his match when he played the champion.
His latest film doesn’t match his previous ones.
He is doing his best to match his spending to his income.
2. be / get engaged to sb. ：與……訂婚
In fact, things were going rather well for me and I had got engaged to a very nice girl, Jane Wilde. But in order to get married, I needed a job…..
注意另一個(gè)短語(yǔ)：be engaged in/ on…：忙與做……=be busy with/ doing…
-Can you come on Monday ? -No, I’m engaged.
Come on Monday evening if you are not otherwise engaged.
Sorry, the line is engaged.
3. turn out：結(jié)果是；證明是；原來(lái)是
Scientists, on the other hand, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.
It’s turned out to be nice and sunny again.
To my surprise the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my father.
注意辨別以turn為核心的其他短語(yǔ)：turn up; turn down; turn off; turn on; turn over; turn to；turn against
4. use up ：用完，用盡。
The couple used up all their money to seek their 5-year-old son, who was lost six months ago.
另一個(gè)表達(dá)“用盡”的短語(yǔ)：
give out：Our supply of oil is giving out.
My strength gave out.
注意辨別以u(píng)se為核心的其他短語(yǔ)：make use of; used to do; be/get used to sth/doing sth.
5. be satisfied with：對(duì)……感到滿意。類似的短語(yǔ)還有：be pleased with… / be content with
6. what if：倘使……將會(huì)怎樣，即使……又有什么要緊。
By asking why, how, and what if, curious minds find new ideas and solutions.
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter?
What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it will look better?
（三）本單元中閱讀材料難點(diǎn)句的理解：
1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.
分析明顯存在的事物需要非凡的頭腦。
2. There did not seem much point in working on my PHD- I did not expect to survive that long.
取得博士學(xué)位對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有什么意義，我沒(méi)有期望活得那么久。
（1）句型：There is no point in doing sth. 做……沒(méi)有意義。
There is very little point in protesting. It won’t help much.
（2）that在這里相當(dāng)于so：那么。
3. Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of.
他也沒(méi)有讓這種疾病阻止他過(guò)自己一直夢(mèng)想的生活。
（1）這是一個(gè)有Nor開頭的倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。正常語(yǔ)序是：He didn’t let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of, either.
否定副詞neither, nor, not, not until 等開頭的句子常用倒裝句語(yǔ)序。
He is not familiar with the town. Nor is he interested in the custom here.
（2）he had always dreamt of. 作為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞life
（3）注意句中兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)： stop somebody from doing something. Dream of doing sth.
4. People laughed at Zhang Heng when he first introduced his seismograph, and it was only later that the world recognized his greatness.
當(dāng)初張衡發(fā)明出他的地動(dòng)儀時(shí)，人們都在嘲笑他，只有后來(lái)全世界才意識(shí)到他的偉大。
后半句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)only later.
5. Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.
每個(gè)人都有自己的專長(zhǎng)和興趣，只有發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的特長(zhǎng)我們才能期望自己的目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)，作到真正的與眾不同。
后半句又是一個(gè)由only 開始的倒裝句。
Only then did I realize its importance.
Only in this way can you make progress in your English study.
（四）學(xué)習(xí)建議：
進(jìn)入高中二年級(jí)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)后，希望大家不要把精力過(guò)多得投入到語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)中。應(yīng)運(yùn)用各種方法掌握好教材中的詞匯，短語(yǔ)。同時(shí)注意多在閱讀上下工夫。擴(kuò)大閱讀量。最重要的是以每個(gè)單元的閱讀材料為依據(jù)，精度課文，了解課文的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，作者的思想。
學(xué)會(huì)欣賞某些課文中的英語(yǔ)美感。對(duì)于語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，不要扣的太深，太怪。重要的是掌握基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)，達(dá)到理解含有相關(guān)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜句子，能夠用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)造句。
做題時(shí)，首要的是準(zhǔn)確理解題干的語(yǔ)境。
【典型例題】
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. -I’m worn out. Shall I stop now ?
-There is not a moment to lose. Go on _____, please.
A. to work B. working C. work D. to working
分析：由下一句There is not a moment to lose.可知，后面要說(shuō)“繼續(xù)工作”即：go on doing 或go on with sth. 而go on to work：接著做另一件事。
答案：B
2. Who will _____ responsibility for this work ?
A. undertake B. conduct C. perform D. complete
分析：undertake responsibility for sth.：承擔(dān)對(duì)某事的責(zé)任。
答案：A
3. The House of Representatives _____ the proposal for three days.
A. quarreled B. argued C. talked D. debated
分析：議會(huì)爭(zhēng)論這項(xiàng)議案有三天了。Debate是及物動(dòng)詞。前三項(xiàng)答案是不及物動(dòng)詞。
答案：D
4. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ___ very good.
A. went on B. tried out C. turned out D. carried on
分析：turn out very good：結(jié)果卻很好。
答案：C
5. The girl was wearing a dress with a hat and gloves to ___.
A. agree B. fit C. suit D. match
分析：女孩穿著一條裙子，帶著一頂帽子和與之相配的手套。Match ：與……相配。
答案：D
二. 翻譯句子
1. 公司的總部在美國(guó)，但它在世界各地都有分支。
2. 這頂帽子和這件毛衣十分相稱。
3. Tom 和Mary訂婚了，他們是在火車上認(rèn)識(shí)的。
4. 時(shí)間過(guò)得真快，轉(zhuǎn)眼我們就要結(jié)束暑假生活了。
答案：
1. The company’s head office is in the USA, but it has many branches all over the world.
2. The hat and the sweater are perfectly matched.
3. Tom got engaged to Mary, whom he had met on the train.
4. Time went by so quickly. We are already at the end of our summer holiday life.
【模擬試題】
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. The scientist _____ that there would be a rainstorm the next week, and it did happen.
A. predicted B. various C. observed D. debated
2. _____ we move the picture over there? Do you think it’ll look better ?
A. What if B. What about C. As long as D. Until
3. Her dream _____ China has come true at last with the help of her grandfather.
A. to visit B. in visiting C. visiting D. of visiting
4. I’ve visited a lot of places and stayed in lots of different hotels, but none of them ____ this one.
A. makes B. beats C. compares D. matches
5. All the money he had had been _____, so he had to make a living by begging.
A. used up B. taken up C. stayed up D. brought up
6. As time _____, the theory proved correct.
A. went by B. went away C. got through D. made up
7. I’m _____ the guidebook, looking for information about Guangxi, where I’ll travel.
A. looking B. scanning C. seeking D. arguing
8. There is no point _____ further. It won’t be help much.
A. on explaining B. to explain C. of explaining D. in explaining
9. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home.
A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize
10. You would think that John would have been the courageous one and Janet the timid one, but it was just _____.
A. another way B. the another way round
C. the other way around D. other way round
二. 完型填空
The little train came to a stop at our station and we got out, very glad to be so near home at last. The __1_ part of the journey from London had been quite comfortable; __2__ when we had changed into the little train, we were, already tired and dirty, and the __3__ run, with its frequent stops at unimportant villages, had only made us __4_ tired and dirty.
There was a carriage __5__ for us at the station, __6__ by two black horses. As soon as we and our bags __7_ in, the driver waved his whip and we set off through the snowy forest. Even __8__ the forest it was growing dark: it was the __9_ day of the year, and the sky was _10_ with clouds. Among the trees it seemed as if it was in the middle of a moonless night, the oil lamps on our carriage _11_ just enough light for the driver to _12__ his way and for us to be able to _13_ that we were driving between thick walls of trees.
After _14_ seemed like two hours to us（but was actually only an hour）, at last we _15_ my friends house. First we saw a row of lights _16_ came from the windows, and then we were suddenly at the door, _17_ about half a dozen children _18_ all ages shouting and asking questions __19__ together. As we were getting out of the carriage, a fine old lady with white hair came out, _20_ I recognized without difficulty as my friend’s mother.
1. A. first B. next C. one D. other
2. A. because B. however C. so D. but
3. A. rapidly B. fast C. thirsty D. slow
4. A. even B. less C. more D. much
5. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
6. A. pulled B. pulling C. pushed D. pushing
7. A. stepped B. arrived C. already D. were
8. A. in B. near C. outside D. out
9. A. hottest B. longest C. happy D. shortest
10. A. covered B. hidden C. closed D. full
11. A. sent B. gave C. did D. made
12. A. take B. look C. feel D. see
13. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk
14. A. it B. what C. might D. having
15. A. got B. reached C. visited D. observed
16. A. brightly B. shining C. which D. straight
17. A. with B. and C. seeing D. meeting
18. A. at B. in C. about D. of
19. A. every B. each C. all D. put
20. A. whom B. such C. which D. so
三. 閱讀理解
A
Everywhere there are plenty of pubs, in which people play darts, talk and drink, usually while standing up. Every pub has its names, its sign and its regulars, its customers who turn up night after night. A few old pubs have real character but many are dull and ugly. It seems that the English think it rather indecent（不象樣的）for people to drink alcoholic drinks in any place where they can be seen from outside. So pubs usually not only have no tables outside, but are so built that it is impossible for people outside to see in, or for those who are inside to see out. There are exceptions to this, but not many. Pubs are meeting places for working men after the evening meal. With pint glasses filled with beer-in Scotland the national drink is whisky –they argue about football, the races, cars…The traditional pub was a place for the men only. But things have changed, and more and more pubs are now places where men and women sit at tables, and they often provide good lunches. Most of them have a public bar, where drinks are slightly cheaper, and a saloon bar, which middle-class people usually prefer because it is more comfortable and less crowded.
1. This passage mainly tells us about _____.
A. drinking habits of the English. B. poor conditions in pubs.
C. what pubs are like in the UK. D. why pubs are special for men.
2. We can infer from the text that _____.
A. many of the pubs are of no character.
B. you can often see people drinking outside the pubs.
C. you can easily see people inside the pubs from outside.
D. people inside the pubs can see what’s happening outside.
3. The underlined word “regular” in the text refers to _____.
A. rules in the pub. B. people who often go to the same pub.
C. people who have real characters. D. dull and ugly pubs.
4. People go to the pubs mainly because of their _____.
A. whisky B. meals C. surroundings. D. atmosphere
5. Traditional pubs are often the places _____.
A. for men and women.
B. for men after evening meal to drink and argue about the sports.
C. which have a public bar and salon bar and provide lunch and dinner.
D. which are mainly popular with high-class people.
B
“In the old days,” as one wife said. “The husband was the husband and the wife was the wife.” In the past husbands each had their own way of going on. The wives’ jobs were to look after them.
“The wives wouldn’t stand for it nowadays. Husband help with the children now. They stay more, as well as have more interest, at home.” We shall give some examples of what husbands do, firstly in sharing work with their wives; and secondly, in their largely independent domain（領(lǐng)域） of house repairs.
“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” Mr. Hammond washes up the dishes every night and lays the breakfast for the morning. Mr. Clark said that on Sunday mornings he usually hovered（吸塵）around and read plays aloud for his wife while she did a bit of washing. Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks. So it goes on….
6. The expression “act as assistants to their wives” means that _____.
A. husband read plays aloud.
B. husband are paid by their wives.
C. husband help their wives.
D. husband look after their sick children.
7. the meaning of the wife’s words at the beginning of the passage were that _____.
A. in the past men stayed at home all day.
B. in the past there was a clear division of role in the family.
C. in the past most boys and girls were married at an early age.
D. in the past wives and husbands lived separately.
8. What does Mr. Davis do at weekends ?
A. He cleans the floors and makes the beds.
B. He reads plays aloud and does the weekly shopping.
C. He cooks food for his wife.
D. He takes the dog out for a walk.
9. In the past, the woman’s main job was to _____.
A. take the children to school.
B. take care of their husband.
C. do the washing up.
D. dig the garden.
10. The passage is mainly about_____.
A. the division of husbands, wives and children.
B. how to get on well between husbands and wives.
C. the relationship between husband, wives and children.
D. the relationship between husband and wives today.
【試題答案】
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. A 科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)下周將有暴雨。
2. A 我們把這幅畫挪到那邊去怎么樣？ What if….? 做……會(huì)怎么樣？
3. D 她到中國(guó)來(lái)的夢(mèng)想。Dream of doing：做某事的夢(mèng)想。
4. D 沒(méi)有一家旅館能和這一家相媲美。Match：與……相配。
5. A 他身上所有的錢都已經(jīng)花光了。Use up：用完，耗盡。Take up：占據(jù)；stay up：
熬夜；bring up：教育，撫養(yǎng)。
6. A 隨著時(shí)間的流逝。Go by：走過(guò)，過(guò)去；get through：接通，克服；make up：組成。
7. B 我正在瀏覽旅游手冊(cè)。
8. D 進(jìn)一步解釋是沒(méi)有意義了。There is no point in doing sth. 做…沒(méi)有意義。
9. C 直到上課了他才意識(shí)到書落在家里了。Only+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在句首后面接倒裝句語(yǔ)序。
10. C 事實(shí)正相反。The other way around：相反。
二. 完型填空
1. A 分號(hào)把旅途前后兩段進(jìn)行對(duì)照，此處是旅途的第一部分。
2. D but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前一段旅行comfortable，而后一段卻tired and dirty,形成鮮明的對(duì)比。
3. D the表明run是名詞，表示小火車的行進(jìn)旅程。下文with its frequent spots at unimportant villages 表明此處火車行駛的很慢。
4. C even 和much 是修飾比較級(jí)的。根據(jù)上下文提到的旅途勞累，應(yīng)填more
5. C 有一輛馬車正在站臺(tái)等我們。Doing短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ).
6. A 后面的介詞短語(yǔ)by two black horses表明用pulled，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)修飾carriage。
7. D 根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)，此處應(yīng)填be動(dòng)詞。
8. C 根據(jù)it was growing dark 和even 判斷,此處是指outside。
9. D 本句進(jìn)一步解釋前一句it was growing dark，一年中白天最短的時(shí)候，天黑得最早。
10. A 天空布滿烏云。Be covered with結(jié)構(gòu)。
11. B give light指發(fā)光。
12. D 上文 the oil lamps on our carriage gave just enough light表明，駕車人能看清道路。
13. A 而我們也能知曉我們正行駛在濃密的森林中。Tell在此表示：知曉。
14. B what表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于the time which
15. B 我們終于到達(dá)了朋友的家。Reach：及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接地點(diǎn)。
16. C _16_ came from the windows是定語(yǔ)從句修飾lights, 有which引導(dǎo)。
17. A 以下三個(gè)空的句子是含with +名詞+doing結(jié)構(gòu)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
18. D all ages：不同年齡，表示多大年齡的人用介詞of 連接。
19. C all together：大家一起。修飾前面的shouting and asking questions.
20. A 先行詞the old lady 表明此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是由關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從
句，并在從句中做recognized 的賓語(yǔ)
三. 閱讀理解
A
1. C 本題考查全文的主旨：根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知文章在講述英國(guó)的小酒館。其他三個(gè)答案
只是文章的個(gè)別細(xì)節(jié)
2. A 細(xì)節(jié)推理題：根據(jù)A few old pubs have real character but many are dull and ugly.可知：
大部分的小酒館都相似沒(méi)有自己的特色。
3. B 詞義猜測(cè)：根據(jù)：Every pub has its names, its sign and its regulars, 每一家酒館都有自
己的名字和招牌，再有就應(yīng)該是自己的�？土�
4. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解：根據(jù)：which middle-class people usually prefer because it is more
comfortable and less crowded.當(dāng)中的more comfortable and less crowded就是指“氛圍”。
5. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解：本題在問(wèn)“傳統(tǒng)的小酒館是什么場(chǎng)所” Pubs are meeting places for working
men after the evening meal.和The traditional pub was a place for the men only.可以得出答案
B
6. C 根據(jù)第三段：“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” 可以得知丈夫在也幫助他們的妻子。
7. B 根據(jù)第一段可以知道：在過(guò)去，在家庭中夫妻各有分工，充當(dāng)各自的角色。
8. A 根據(jù)最后一段：Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and
during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks.可以得出結(jié)論。
9. B 根據(jù)第一段：The wives’ jobs were to look after them.可以知道過(guò)去妻子的任務(wù)。
10. D 考查文章的主旨：從全文內(nèi)容上看，文章講述了夫妻在家中的關(guān)系。