Unit 4 A Garden Of Poems
Period 1 -- Warming up and speaking
Ⅰ.Teacher: Leng yu fang
Ⅱ.Teaching material: SEFC Book 2A -- Unit 4
Ⅲ. Lesson type: warming up & speaking
Ⅳ. Teaching aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. a projector
3. Slides and Pictures
Ⅴ. Teaching Objectives:
1. To present the topic of this unit -- poetry
2. To help students form concept of poetry.
3. To learn some words and useful expressions in order to express their own feelings.
4. To cultivate students’ interest of poetry.
Ⅵ. Teaching Important Points:
How to improve the students’ speaking ability.
Ⅶ. Teaching Difficult Points:
How to make the students gain enough information to express themselves.
Ⅷ. Teaching Methods:
1. Pair work or group work to make every student join in the class activities
2. Discussion to make every student express himself freely.
Ⅸ. Teaching Procedure:
Step 1: Daily Greetings (1 minute)
T: Good morning, students!
Ss: Good morning, Miss leng!
Step 2: Lead-in (11 minutes)
T: Last unit we have learnt something about architecture, right?
Ss: yes
T: It is a kind of art. This time we will learn another kind of art. What is it?
Ss: Poetry.
T: yes, poetry. From now on, we will begin a mysterious trip of poetry--Unit 4: a garden of poems. Here “poem” means 詩,它是指一首具體的詩。It is a countable noun. We can say “a poem” or “poems”. For example, we can say “a love poem”. Well, the word “poetry” refers to 詩歌，它是指詩歌的總稱。So it is an uncountable noun. Is that clear?
Ss: yes.
T: Ok. Who are the people that write poems?
Ss: poet.
T: yes, we call them poet. Can you name some famous poets in China?
Ss: ……
T: very good. So many. Now, I’d like to introduce you two of them. Who is he?
(show a picture of Li Bai on the Blackboard)
Ss: Li Bai.
T: Good. Li Bai. Can you recite any of his poems?
Ss: ……
T: Good job. (show a poem written by Li Bai on slide 1)
So from his poems, we can see that Li Bai is full of imagination, right? His poems are always very romantic. So we say Li Bai is a representative of Romanticism. What about another famous poet? Who is he?
（show a picture of Du Fu on the blackboard）
Ss: Du Fu.
T: yes, you’ve got it. Do you know any of his poems?
Ss: ……
T: Wonderful, thank you. Compared with Li Bai, most of his poems present us a real life in that period. For example, “朱門酒肉臭，路有凍死骨” . It tells us the living condition of the people at that time, right?
Ss: yes
T: So, we call Du Fu realistic poet. Now, I’d like to take a poem written by Du Fu for example.
(show a poem written by Du Fu on slide 2)
Xxx, would you please read it for us?
S1: (reading)
T: Thank you very much. Well, can you understand the meaning of this poem?
Ss: No.
T: I don’t know, either. I think if we don’t know the background of the poem and some necessary explanations, it will be very difficult for us to understand a traditional poem, right?
Ss: yes
T: Well, what about this one? Who’d like to read it for us?
(show a Chinese limerick on slide 3)
S3: (reading)
T: Do you think it is easier to understand?
Ss: yes
T: I’m sure all of us know what it talks about. Actually, we call such kind of poem “l(fā)imerick”.
Step 3: Warming-up (5 minutes)
T: A limerick is a special, funny poem. It is very easy to understand. It is written just to make others laugh. Now, would you please open your textbook and turn to page 25. There are two limericks. Each one tells us a story. Let’s read the first one together and see what has happened. Ok, a large lady, one two start……
Ss: (reading)
T: Thanks for your sweet voice. Now who can tell me what’s wrong with the large lady?
S4: There wasn’t a door she’d get through.
T: yes. She can’t get through a door. Do you know why?
Ss: Because she’s too fat.
T: Oh, too terrible. She’s so fat that she can’t get through a door. What about the second one? It seems that there is something wrong with that man. I’ll read it for you. Please listen to me carefully and then tell me what is the matter. Ok?
Ss: ok.
(Read the limerick and explain some difficult words.)
T: Can you understand the meaning of this poem? It talks about a teacher, right? Well, what’s wrong with him?
S5: He was as mad as a door.
T: I’ve heard the correct answer. He was as mad as a door. Maybe he was too active. Well, I think I’m also very active. Am I as mad as a door?
Ss: No.
T: Really? Thank you. How lucky I am! Do you think these two poems interesting or uninteresting?
Ss: interesting.
T: So we say the style of this poem is interesting. That is what we call limerick, a special and funny poem, right?
Step 4: Discussion (10 minutes)
T: Ok, up till now, we have collected several words to describe different styles of poems. Well, what other words will we need to talk about poems? Now, would you please form a group of four and have a discussion.
What other words will we need to talk about poems? Are you clear?
Ss: yes
T: Ok. I’ll give you three minutes. After that, I’d like some of you to list some words you need. Now, go!
(Three minutes later)
T: Ok. Time’s up. Who’d like to be the bravest one?
S6: funny, happy.
T: Good. Any other opinions?
S7: boring, dull, sad.
T: very good. Any other words?
S8: moving, meaningful, meaningless.
……
Step 5: Conclusion (3 minutes)
T: Today we just begin our magical journey of poetry. We have talked about some famous poets and learnt many words to show our ideas about poems and songs, right?
Ss: yes
T: Thank you.
Step 7: Homework (5 minutes)
T: Here comes your homework. Next period we’ll make a further study about poetry, especially English poetry. So:
1. Please preview the reading part and look up the new words in the dictionary.
2. Try to find an English song or poem, and write a review.Are you all clear?
Ss: yes
T: Ok. So much for today. Thanks for your attention. See you!
Ss: See you!
Ⅹ. Blackboard Design:
Unit 4 A Garden Of Poems
具體的一首詩
romantic 浪漫主義的 realistic 現(xiàn)實主義的 poetry 詩歌（總稱）
interesting uninteresting poet 詩人
funny 滑稽的，可笑的 dull / boring 枯燥的 limerick 打油詩
happy sad 悲傷的 style 風格
meaningful meaningless
lyric 抒情的 bold and unconstrained 豪放的
moving 感人的 lovely 可愛的
encouraging 振奮人心的
Period 2--listening
Ⅱ.Teaching material: SEFC Book 2A -- Unit 4
Ⅲ. Lesson type: listening
Ⅳ. Teaching aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. slides
Ⅴ. Teaching Objectives:
1. To improve students’ ability of listening
2. To help them learn how to enjoy English poems
Ⅵ.Teaching Important Point:
How to get the students to grasp the main idea of a passage by listening.
Ⅶ.Teaching Difficult Point:
How to direct the students to grasp the detailed information to finish the listening task.
Ⅷ.Teaching Methods:
1. To create a situation that helps the students know what they will hear from the conversation
2. To present an English poem and cultivate their interests.
Ⅸ.Teaching Procedure:
Step 1: Greeting. (1 minute)
Step 2: Pre-listening (7 minutes)
T: Since Monday we have talked so much about poetry, especially English poetry. Have you ever planned to read some English poems?
Ss: No.
T: Really? What a pity! Well, I find it very interesting. I’d like to know more about poetry. So during the seven-day holiday, I went to my teacher and asked for some suggestions. First, he asked me: “What would you like to read?” I said: “I don’t know.” And then he asked me: “Do you have any favorite poets?” I said: “No, I don’t know.” At that time, he was very surprised, at last he said: “Ok, maybe you can read this book first. You can find a topic or a poet that you like best, and then I’ll give you more advice.”
Look, this is the book that my teacher advised me to read. There are a lot of famous poets and great poems inside. So we call it a collection of poems. It includes a lot of things. I believe it will help me a lot. Maybe I’ll become a great woman poet some day. if you want to read some poems, you can ask me for help; you can ask your own English teacher Miss Cao for help; and you also can ask a librarian for help when you go to library, right? Here is a conversation between a librarian and a student. The student wants to read some poems but he doesn’t know where to start. And the librarian gives him some suggestions. I think you will learn something fro their conversation.
Step 3: while-listening (25 minutes)
T: Now please open your textbook and turn to page 25, listening. Totally, I’ll play the tape three times. For the first time, would you please draw the main idea of the dialogue and finish exercise 1. Are you clear?
Ss: yes
T: Ok, now let’s have a look at exercise 1 to see if there are some new words.
……
T: Ok, are you ready?
Ss: yes.
T: Ok, here we go.
(listen to the tape for the first time)
T: Stop here. Who’d like to tell us the answer?
S1: ……
T: Good. Thank you. Now let’s have a look at exercise 2. (explain the requirement of exercise 2)
This time please listen to the tape more carefully and take some notes while you are listening. Ready? Go!
(listen to the tape for the second time)
T: Is it difficult?
Ss: yes.
T: Take it easy. Just have a try, ok? The first question, any volunteers?
S2: A conversation between a librarian and a student.
T: Good. It’s mainly about a student who is looking for some poems to read. The next one?
S3: It’s a collection of poems.
T: Well done. Just like my book, right? It’s a collection of poems. The third one?
S4: ……
T: I think this one may be a bit difficult. Let’s listen again later and then find the answer to this question, ok?
Thank you all the same. Sit down, please. Let’s see question number 5 first.
S5: He likes reading about nature.
T: yes. His favorite topic is nature. While his favorite poet is William Shakespeare, right?
Great! You did a good job. Now let’s listen to the tape for the last time and find the answer to question number 4, ok?
Ss: ok.
(listen to the tape for the third time)
T: Have you found the answer?
S6: Just choose something you like to read.
T: Perfect. You should not read all the poems but go through them and only read those which you like from looking at the title, the topic or the first or last line. Just choose something you like. A very smart answer.
So much for our textbook. I won’t let you do the exercise 3. Let’s see something different.
Step 4: post-listening. (12 minutes)
T: Just now, we have learnt where to start if we want to read some poems, right? So, following the principle, I read my book and choose one of them. I’d like to share this poem with. But unluckily, I missed some words. Would you please help me to complete the blanks, ok?
Ss: ok.
T: Let’s listen to the tape and do the blank filling.
(several minutes later)
T: You’ve got it, right?
Ss: yes
T: It’s easy. The missing words are……
Ss: moments, beauty, true, soul, face.
T: Correct. Now let’s go into that poem together. This is a love poem written by famous Irish poet William Butler Yeats. When he was 24 years old, he met an actress named Maud Gonne. Quickly he fell in love with her. So he expressed his love to her, unluckily refused. Five years later, Yeats wrote this poem, expressing his deep love. In 1903, Maud was married, however, his husband died during a battle in 1913. So again Yeats showed his love to Maud, but again refused. In 1917, Yeats married another woman at last. He practised his words in the poem with precious 26-year youth. Are you moved by such a romantic story?
Ss: yes.
T: Now, let’s listen to the tape again, looking at the Chinese version. Here we go.
(several minutes later)
T: Very attractive voice. Let’s end our class in such a romantic atmosphere. Thanks for your attention. See you!
Ss: See you.
Ⅹ. Blackboard Design:
English poetry--listening
poem
the sea a collection of poems 詩集
collection suggestion 建議
the World Wars librarian 圖書管理員
nature topic 話題
gardens
the countryside
Slide：
When You Are Old
by William Butler Yeats
When you are old and gray and full of sleep
And nodding by the fire, take down this book
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;
How many loved your _____of glad grace,
And loved your ____ with love false of ____;
But one man loved the pilgrim ____ in you,
And loved the sorrows of your changing ____;
And bending down beside the glowing bars,
Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead,
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.
《當你老去》
當你老了，頭白了，睡思昏沉，
爐火旁打盹，請取下這部詩歌，
慢慢讀，回想你過去眼神的柔和，
回想它們過去的濃重的陰影；
多少人愛你年輕歡暢的時候，
愛慕你的美貌，出于假意或者真心，
只有一個人愛你那朝圣者的靈魂，
愛你已改的容顏痛苦的皺紋。
躬身在紅光閃耀的爐火旁，
凄然低語，愛為何消逝，
它漫步走上高高的山巒，
將臉龐隱沒在了群星間。
Period 3 -- Reading (content)
Ⅱ.Teaching material: SEFC Book 2A -- Unit 4
Ⅲ. Lesson type: reading
Ⅳ. Teaching aids: Multi-media
1. a computer
2. a tape recorder
Ⅴ. Teaching Objectives:
1. To learn the main develop steps of the history of English poetry.
2. To learn the characteristics of poems during different periods.
3. To master some extra-curricular knowledge about some famous poets.
4. To improve students’ reading ability.
Ⅵ. Teaching Important Points:
1. The extra-curricular knowledge of English poetry
2. the similarities and differences between the Chinese and English poets and poems.
Ⅶ. Teaching Difficult Point:
How to grasp the information presented in the reading material.
Ⅷ. Teaching Methods:
1. Fast-reading to rasp the main idea of three most important paragraphs.
2. The introduction of some famous poets to widen their background knowledge about English poetry.
3. Pair work or group work to get every student to join in the class activities.
Ⅸ. Teaching Procedure:
Step 1: greeting and revision (2 minutes)
T: Good morning, girls.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Luo.
T: Yesterday, we started our trip of poetry. We mentioned a lot of things. Some new words and some famous poets in china, right?Ss: yes
Step 2: pre-reading (3 minutes)
(Adopt paragraph 2 as a lead-in part of the whole passage.)
T: Well, who are the two famous poets we have talked about yesterday?
Ss: Li Bai and Du Fu.
T: yes, Li Bai and Du Fu. Well, when did they live? Which dynasty did they live in?
Ss: The Tang Dynasty.
T: Quite right. As we know, in China Tang is a most brilliant period for poems, right? There are a lot of famous poets at that time, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, Bai Juyi as well as my ancestor Luo Binwang. Are there any other periods that are also very famous for poems?
Ss: The Song Dynasty.
T: Good. Can you name some famous poets at that time?Ss: ……
T: Excellent. So we say Tang and Song are the most splendid periods in the history of Chinese poetry. Poems produced in those two periods stand out in the halls of glory.
Step 3: while-reading (30 minutes)
(Deal with paragraph 3, 4 and 5)
1. Fast-reading (10 minutes)
T: What about English poetry? Now, please open your textbook and turn to page 28. Let’s have a look at paragraph three, four and five first. Please listen to the tape carefully and find out how many periods have been mentioned in the passage? Is that clear?
Ss: yes
T: Ok, here we go.
(Several minutes later)
T: Who’d like to tell us the answer? How many periods?
S1: There are three periods.
T: Three? Are you sure? Do you agree with her? Ok, after we finish these paragraphs, I’d like you to answer this question again, to see whether there are three periods or more. Ok?
S1: Ok.
T: Thank you. No matter how many periods there are, do you think English poetry has a long history like Chinese?
Ss: No.
T: Of course not. Generally speaking, we can divide the history of English poetry into five periods:
1. The Renaissance Period 2. The Neoclassical Period 3. The Romantic Period 4 .The Victorian Period 5. The Modern Period
But the earliest work of poetry appeared after 14th century. So we say it doesn’t have a long history.
2. Intensive-reading (20 minutes)
T: Despite its short history, there are a lot of good English poets around. This time, would you please read the third paragraph more carefully and answer the questions on the screen?
1. How many poets are there in paragraph 3? Who are they?
2. Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of the poems by Su Dongpo?
3. What is the poetry of John Milton famous for?Are you clear?Ss: yes
(Several minutes later)
T: Have you finished yet? The first question: How many poets are there in paragraph 3?
Ss: Four
T: Who are they? xxx would you please?
S2: They are William Shakespeare, John Milton, John Donne and Alexander Pope.
T: Good. Thank you. There are four poets, right? William Shakespeare, John Milton, John Donne and Alexander Pope. What about the second question? Any volunteers?
S3: John Donne.
T: Correct. Thank you. The poetry of John Donne reminds Chinese readers of the poems by Su Dongpo. Do you know why? Because of his use of surprising images. So the term “metaphysical poetry” is commonly used to the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. And 《The Rising Sun》is his most famous work..
Well, what about John Milton? What is his poetry famous for?
S4: The poetry of John Milton is famous for the absence of rhyme.
T: Thanks for your smart answer. John Milton is the 2nd greatest poet in England. He left us three great works: 《Paradise Lost》、《Paradise Regained》 and 《Samson Agonists》. While, do you know in which situation John Milton created these three works? When he was blind and suffering. Don’t you think we can learn something from him?
After we have mentioned two famous poets, there is one master who we can’t omit in the history of English poetry. Who is he?
Ss: William Shakespeare.
T: Yes, he is William Shakespeare. Yesterday I asked you to look for some information about Shakespeare, right? Now who’d like to say something about Shakespeare?
Ss: ……
T: Quite good. Compared with other poets, I think, we are more familiar with William Shakespeare, especially his drama, right?
Ss: yes
T: Can you name some of his plays?
Ss: ……
T: Actually, his plays include many aspects: history plays, comedy and tragedy. Among them, I think his comedies and tragedies are more famous. There are four comedies. Let’s see. Maybe you’ll know some of them.
1.《A midsummer Night’s Dream》2.《The merchant of Venice》3.《Twelfth Night》4.《The Merry Wives Of Windsor》
And there are four greatest tragedies:1.《Hamlet》2.《Othello》3.《King Lear》4.《Mac Beth》
Besides these four greatest tragedies, there are another two famous tragedies. I’m sure you are very familiar with one of them. Let’s see. One is Julius Caesar, and what about another one?Ss: 《Romeo and Juliet》
T: yes. Do you like it?
Ss: yes.
T: I’m very glad to hear that. So we say Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights. On the other hand, he is also a very excellent poet. All his life, he created 154 sonnets and 2 long poems. And his poems are always about pure love and deep friendship. You see, how great Shakespeare is! So much for Shakespeare. Now I’d like you to pay attention to the time. Have you found that John Donne, John Milton, William Shakespeare, all of them were the poets during late 16th century and 17th century. So which period did they belong to?
Ss: The Renaissance Period.
T: yes. What about Alexander Pope? Do you think they are in the same period?
Ss: No.
T: From the end of paragraph 3, we can know that Pope was a poet in 18th century, right?
Ss: yes.
T: So we say he was a poet during The Neoclassical Period. Actually paragraph 3 gives us some information about two different periods, right? Well, now, xxx would you please tell us how many periods have been mentioned in our passage?
S1: Four.
T: That’s right, thank you. How time flies! The windmill of the time accompanied us going through the Renaissance and the Neoclassical Period. And now it brings us to the third stop--The Romantic Period. It also produced a great number of good poets. I’ll read paragraph 4 for you. Please listen to me carefully and find out answers to these questions:
1. According to this paragraph, how many poets are there in this period? Who are they?
2. Byron’s Isles of Greece is an example of what?
3. Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of Du Fu or Li Bai? Are you clear?
Ss: yes.
(Reading)
T: Ok, now I will ask some of you to give me your answers. I think the first one is easy. Let’s answer it together. How many?
Ss: There are three.
T: Good. Who are they? Any volunteers?
S5: They are John Keats, William Wordsworth and George Gordon Byron.
T: Very good. Are you clear? Shall I say it again?
Ss: No.
T: Ok. What about the next one? Actually it is a question from post-reading--multiple choice, number 3. Well, which one do you choose? Is it a sonnet or romantic poetry or nature poetry or modern one?
Ss: B. Romantic poetry.
T: yes, very good. Here, I’d like to tell you more about Byron and his work.
Byron was considered to be the representative of romantic poetry. As a leading Romanticist,, his chief contribution is his creation of “Byronic Hero”. When he was 19 years old, he published his first collection of poems: 《Hours of Idleness》. But his masterpiece is 《Don Juan》, a great comic epic of the early 19th century. Here, in our textbook, Isles of Greece is a part of that masterpiece. It is mainly about a tragic lot of Greece. By the way, although Byron was born in a noble family, he still showed his empathy to these suffering people. He is a kind man, right? But unluckily, he died when he was only 36 years old. Very young, right? While, at the same time we have another famous poet who had a long life. Who is he?
Ss: William Wordsworth.
T: yes. He is regarded as the beginning of real romanticism. Together with another two famous poets, they were known as “l(fā)ake poets”. So the poetry of Byron, John Keats and Wordsworth reminds Chinese readers of the poems by Li Bai and Du Fu. This is the answer to the third question. Have you got it?
Ss: yes.
T: Ok. We sill leave the last period. Now let’s read paragraph 5 together. Finally, one two start……
(reading)
T: Here I won’t deal with the poet in Modern period in details. If you are interested in Robert Frost, you can discuss with me after class or surf on the internet. Ok?Ss: Ok.
T: Up till now we have mentioned a lot of poets n different periods. Shall we finish exercise 3 in post-reading together?
Ss: Ok.(Do the exercise and check the answers.)
Step4: Discussion (5 minutes)
(Deal with the last two paragraphs)
T: Totally there are four periods, right? Well, each period has its own characteristics. On the other hand, every poet has his own style, right?
Ss: yes
T: So, how can we understand them? Basically, they speak English, but we speak Chinese. If I know nothing about English, what shall I do? Who can help me?
S6: I think we need a translator.
T: yes, a translator may do something. Well, if a poem is translated into another language, is it still the same poem? What are some differences? Now, please read the last two paragraphs and have a discussion with your desk-mates. Then I will invite some of you to help me to solve this problem. Clear?
Ss: yes
T: Ok. Now read and discuss with your partner.
(several minutes later)
T: Stop here, please. Now, who can help me?
S7: ……
T: Very good. Thank you very much. No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. So we’d better learn English well, thus we can read poetry in English.
Step 5: Post-reading (3 minutes)
(Adopt the first paragraph as a conclusion of the whole passage)
T: So, today, we have learnt a lot of things about English poetry, including some famous poets and their representative works, right? Ss: yes T: Although we are Chinese, they are English; although we are modern people, they are ancient men; poetry can bring us together, right? Just as Mu Dan wrote: Quietly, we embrace in a world lit up by words.
Step 6: Homework (2 minutes)
T: Here comes your homework.
1. Finish exercises in post-reading
2. Review the information we have collected this class.
3. Read the whole passage again and underline some language points. Is that clear?
Period 3 Language points
一．. I，m interested to read some Romantic poetry about love and friendship.我想讀一些關(guān)于愛情和友誼的浪漫主義詩歌。
(1) interest v.使感興趣 n.興趣interested adj. 感興趣的，關(guān)心的be interested in 對……感興趣
be interested to do 想做某事；有興趣做某事（對所知或所做的事情的感情反應）
of interest 有意思的（=interesting作表語或定語）with interest 感興趣的
take/have/feel an interest in 對……感興趣
針對性訓練題：
完成下列句子（利用上面的短語）：
○1他們對藝術(shù)界發(fā)生的事感興趣。They______what is going on in the art world.
○2我不理解為什么他如此地想知道有關(guān)你的一切。I could not make out why he_________know all about you.
○3這一些對我來說一點意思都沒有。All this ____________to me.
○4他饒有興趣的傾聽著。He listened _________________.
○5沒有什么能使他感興趣。There，s nothing that can _______him.
（2）romantic 浪漫的，傳奇的，不現(xiàn)實的；Romantic（文藝等）浪漫主義的; 浪漫派的；浪漫主義作家（n.）
二.I like reading poems about friendship and I think Romantic poetry will be very nice to read. 我喜歡讀關(guān)于友誼的詩歌，我認為浪漫主義詩歌讀起來很不錯。
不定式to read 的邏輯賓語為該從句的主語poetry，注意不可使用不定式的被動式。類似的還有：
This question is easy to answer.這個問題很容易回答。
The box is very heavy to carry.這個箱子搬起來很重。
This room looks very comfortable to live in.這個房間看上去住起來很舒服。
The water in the river is not fit to drink.河里的水不適合飲用。
三.belong to 屬于；是……的成員（無被動式，無進行時）
Which door does this key belong to?這把鑰匙是哪扇門上的？
I dislike the school to which he belongs.我不喜歡他所在的那所學校。
As a writer, he really belongs to the 18th century.作為一個作家，他的確屬于18世紀。
He has never belonged to a trade union.他從未加入過工會。
針對性訓練題：
China has been developing rapidly since its foundation, but as is known to us, she is still a country ______ the Third World.
A. belonges to B. belonged to
C. belonging to D. to belong to
四．remind vt. 使想起；提醒
That story reminds me of an experience I once had.那個故事使我想起了我的一次經(jīng)歷。
That reminds me (that) I must write to him.那使我想起了我必須要寫信給他。
Remind me to take my medicine.請?zhí)嵝盐页运帯?/p>
I may forget it unless you remind me of (about) it.除非你提醒我，否則我可能會忘記的。
May I remind you that the bell will ring soon?我可以提醒你鐘馬上就要敲響了嗎？
針對性訓練題：
What you said just now ______ me of that American professor
A. mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorized
五．stand out 顯眼：引人注目；顯得突出
stand out for 堅持要求/贊成 stand out against 堅決反對
stand out as 是一個杰出的 stand out form 在。。。。中很突出
Robert“s red hair made him stand out in a crowd.羅伯特的紅頭發(fā)使他在人群中顯得十分引人注目。
On this list two names stood out particularly.在這張名單上，兩個名字顯得十分引人注目。
He stands out for his rights.他堅持要求他的權(quán)利。
針對性訓練題：
I’m standing out _____ his idea; I’m standing out ____ my own.
A. for; as B. from; against C. for; against D. against; for
五．light up 點（煙）；照亮；泛起亮光；（使）高興起來；點 燈 開燈
He lit up before speaking.未曾開口他先點了一支煙。
It，s time to light up.是該點燈的時候了。
A smile lighted / lit up her face.她的臉上洋溢著喜悅的微笑。
針對性訓練題：
“Why! It’s you!”Catherine said. Her face ______ .
A. lighted up B. turned up C. took up D. brought up
六 glory (1) n high fame and honour won by great achievements：光榮，榮譽[U]
eg: Our team didn，t exactly cover itself with glory today.
我隊今天未能真正載譽而歸。
[警示]作為“可夸耀的事，自豪的原因”講時，為可數(shù)名詞
eg: One of the glories of the British heritage is the right to a fair trail. 英國人引以自豪的傳統(tǒng)之一是有獲得公正審判的權(quán)利。
[拓展] ○1go to glory 死，上天堂○2send sb. to glory 送某人歸天，殺死某人
○3cover oneself with glory 獲得名聲及榮譽
(2) v. 因某事而自豪
eg: He glories in his strength. 他為自己的體力而自豪。
We glory in our success. 我們?yōu)樽约旱某晒Χ院馈?/p>
(3) adj. glorious 光榮的，榮譽的，美麗的，燦爛的 adv. Gloriously
針對性訓練題： 他們?yōu)榱藝业臉s譽而戰(zhàn)。（漢譯英）______________________________________
七．a(chǎn)dmire v. look at with pleasure or satisfaction; have a high regard for; express admiration of (1)欽佩，羨慕，佩服
eg ；Visitors to Switzerland admire the Alps.到瑞士的游客都會稱贊阿爾卑斯山。
I really admire people who can work in such difficult conditions.我很佩服在這種困難環(huán)境中工作的人。
[警示]表過“佩服某人某方面”時，應和介詞for搭配，即admire sb.for sth.
eg : I admired him for his honesty. 我佩服他的誠實。也可說I admired his honesty.
(2) 表示贊美,夸獎
eg: Aren，t you going to admire my new hat 你難道不想夸夸我的新帽子嗎？
admirer n. 贊美者，崇拜者，（對女性的）愛慕者
eg: I,m not a great admirer of her work. 我對她的工作不太欣賞。
She has many admirers. 她有許多追求者。
Admiration n.感嘆，佩服，稱贊
eg: we had great admiration for his courage. 我們非常佩服他的勇氣。
[拓展]
○1the admiration of 令人贊賞的對象 eg:
His skill at skiing is the admiration of us.我們對他的滑雪本領感到佩服。
○2a mutual admiration society 互相吹捧
針對性訓練題：
It is for her modesty and honesty that I admire her.( 英譯漢 ) __________________________________________________
八.absence n. being away; lack; non-existence (1) 不在，外出，缺席，缺勤（from）
eg :Behave yourself during my absence. 我不在時要規(guī)矩點兒。
After an absence of seven years I went home.外出七年后我返回故鄉(xiāng)。
（2） 缺少，缺乏（of）……的 eg :
Absence of rain caused the plants to die.因缺少雨水導致植物死亡。
[警示]lack也可作“缺乏,不足”講,該詞可以和不定冠詞搭配。構(gòu)成a lack of……
eg: a lack of information 信息缺乏 a lack of water 缺水
而absence 前不能用不定冠詞，常和定冠詞搭配
eg :the absence of definite proof 缺乏確鑿的證據(jù)
[拓展]
○1 absence of mind 心不在焉；魂不守舍○2in the absence of 不在時，外出期間，缺少，不存在
absent adj. not present at （1）不在場的，在別處的
eg :He was absent at roll call. 他點名時不在。
I’ll be absent from home in the afternoon. 我下午不在家。
（2）茫然的
eg :He had an absent look on his face. 他臉上帶著茫然若失的神情
另外absent還可以作動詞，意為“缺席，不在，不上班”
eg :He absented himself from the meeting. 他沒有參加那個會議。
[警示]作為形容詞使用時，僅僅表示當事人“不在”，但作為動詞使用時除了屬于生硬正式的表達以外，還有暗示“故意缺席”的意味。
針對性訓練題
他駕車時心不在焉，幾乎肇事。（漢譯英）_________________________________________
They spoke ill of the captain in his absence.(英譯漢)_________________________________________________
九．2．play with 相當于及物動詞，后面跟賓語，表示“玩弄”或“擺弄”某個東西，是以娛樂或消遣為目的的玩耍。
eg: The boy is playing with his toy train.這個男孩正在玩他的玩具火車。
It is wrong to play with others.玩弄別人是不對的。
I‘d like to play with my sister. She is very kind.我愿意和我的姐姐玩耍，她十分和善。
針對性訓練題
玩弄一個人的感情是錯誤的。（漢譯英）_____________________________________
I like ____ the model plane very much. 我非常喜歡這個飛機模型。
十Call up (1) 想起某事，回憶某物
eg :The music calls up old times. 這音樂讓人回憶起舊時光。
（2）打電話
eg :He called me up from London. 他從倫敦打電話給我。
[拓展]
○1call at 拜訪（某人家或某地）○2call back 召回，喚回，回某人電話，再打電話來
○3call for 大聲呼叫，要求去接某人，去拿某物○4call in 請（醫(yī)生等），要求退回，收回
○5call off 取消，拉開○6call on 訪問（人），請求○7call out 大聲叫喊，叫出
針對性訓練題
The sound of happy laughter called _____ memories of his childhood.
A. up B. on C. at D. for
十一. come into being 出現(xiàn)；形成，產(chǎn)生
eg: We don’t know when the universe came into being. 我們不知道宇宙是從何時開始存在的。
Later two more armies came into being.后來又成立了兩支部隊。
Such a custom came into being long ago .這種風俗很久以前就有了。
針對性訓練題
這樣第一個工人聯(lián)盟就出現(xiàn)了。 （漢譯英）_______________________________________
十二. l ight up 點燃；點亮；照亮；使面有喜色；容光煥發(fā)
eg: He lit up a cigarette before he began his speech. 在開始講話前他先點上一支煙。
Hundreds of candles lighted up the hall. 幾百支蠟燭照亮了大廳。
A smile lit up her face. 她一笑表情為之開朗。
Her face lit up with joy. 她因高興而容光煥發(fā)。
針對性訓練題
The streetlights _____ ______ ______. 街燈已點亮。 （完成句子）
十三China has a long history during which many of the world‘s greatest poets were active. 中國有悠久的歷史，在此期間出現(xiàn)了許多世界偉大的詩人，他們活躍于世界詩壇。
這是一個主從復合句，主句是China has a long history， 從句是由介詞during+關(guān)系代詞which引導的定語從句。
eg ：There was a time during which people lived a hard life.曾經(jīng)有一段時期，人們過著艱難的生活。
也可用其他介詞which或whom
eg :She is a good student from whom we should learn .她是我們應該學習的好學生。
This is the house in which he lived last year.這就是去年他住過的那座房子。
針對性訓練題
The village _____ he lived twenty years ago has a history of more than 500 years .
A. in which B. which C. that D. the one
十四That makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read. 那就使詩寫起來較難，但讀起來卻很有意思。
該句式結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補+to do”。在這個句式中，句
子的賓語正好是不定式是的邏輯賓語，而動詞不定式動作的發(fā)出者，可能是句子的主語或包括主語，也可能不是或不包括主語，常用動詞除make 外，還有find，feel等。
Eg：I found the man hard to get alone with.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那個人相處。
We all felt the plan difficult to carry out.我們都感到那個計劃執(zhí)行起來很難。
注意下面這個句子：I made the poem written.我讓別人寫那首詩。
針對性訓練題
這位科學家感到在這個領域進行研究非常重要。 （漢譯英）________________________________________________
十五Chinese readers admire his works because of his use of surprising images that reminds them of the works of poets such as Su Dongpo. 中國的讀者贊賞他的作品是因為他們使用了使他想起像詩人蘇東坡的作品那樣令人驚奇的描繪/比喻。
在該句中because of是介詞短語作句子的原因狀語，在原因狀語中，含有一個限制性定語從句修飾images。
（1） works作“著作，作品”講時是可數(shù)名詞，且常用其得數(shù)形式。 eg :the (complete) works of Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集。
He likes OHenry’s works.他喜歡歐 亨利的作品。
（2）because of 因為……，由于……的緣故，用法與because不同，后面不接從句，而接名詞，代詞或動名詞。
eg: I was late because of the rain,我遲到是由于下雨的緣故。
I went to bed early because I was tired, 我因為疲倦所以早點睡了。
針對性訓練題
___________ his carelessness he didn’t do well in the examination.
A. Because B. Because of C. Since D. As
十六Despite its short history , there is a lot of good English poetry around. 盡管時間短，但確有許多好的英文詩。
句中despite是介詞，意為“盡管”。比相同含意的in spite of更正式。在句中作狀語，表示讓步，后面只能跟名詞或相當于名詞的詞或短語，不能接句子。
eg : Despite his naughty, we all like him. 盡管他淘氣，我們還是喜歡他。
a lot of 許多“大量”，同lots of，即可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，有類似用法的詞還有plenty of , a large quantity of (large quantities of ).
eg Large quantities of water has been polluted in the last few years. 在過去的幾年中，大量的水被污染了。
另外，只能修飾可數(shù)名詞表示“許多、大量”之意的詞有many, a good/great many (of) , a (large) number of等。只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有a great deal of , a large amount of , much等。注意，上述詞組一般只用于肯定句,否定句和疑問句則用many, much代替。
eg: There are’t many students in the classroom.教室里沒有多少學生。
針對性訓練題
There are a plenty of books on the book shelves. (單句改錯)____________________________________________
十七Besides, no matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. 而且，無論首詩翻譯得多好，原作中的某些精髓已失。
(1)no matter how well a poem is translated 是一個讓步狀語從句，no matter how也可用however 替代，但二者后面都必須跟形容詞或副詞。 eg : However/No matter how hot it is , he will not take off his coat. 無論多熱，他也不會脫掉外套。
You cannot catch up with a car , however fast you run.無論你跑得多快，也趕不上汽車。
(2)lost在句中作形容詞意為“喪失的”。
eg: The art of good conversation seems lost. 高雅談吐的藝術(shù)似乎已不復存在。
常用于以下表達：
１，be lost in sth. 專注于某事物。
２．be lost on sb. 對某人不起作用或無影響。
３. be lost to sth. 不再受某事物的影響。
４．make up for lost time 加緊／加快以補償失 去的時間�！�
針對性訓練題
You must try to finish your project, _____.
A. however are you tired B. however you are tired
C. however tired are you D. however tired you are
十八dare : be brave enough to ; take the risk of (1)可作為動詞。
１．敢……，膽敢……
eg; He didn,t dare to speak to her. 他不敢和她說話。
２．敢面對 eg : He will dare any danger. 他敢冒任何危險。
3.(以激將法向人)挑戰(zhàn)
eg: He dared me to jump. 他激我跳下去。
（２）作情態(tài)動詞。 敢……，膽敢……，竟敢……
eg :I dare not climb the mountain, 我不敢爬那山。
How dare you say such a thing ? 你竟敢說出這種話。
針對性訓練題
晚上他不敢一個人出去。（漢譯英）_______________________________
十九.send for 派人去叫；遣人去拿；召；請；叫
eg :We must send for a man to repair the TV.我們必須叫人來修理電視機。
Please keep these things until I send for them.請?zhí)嫖冶９苓@些東西，等我派人來取。
你最好叫個人代替你參加這次會議。（漢譯英） ___________________________________
二十.among , between 兩者都有“在……之間”之意
（１）among用于指作為一整體的人或事物之間�！�
eg :Hand out the books among the class. 把書分發(fā)給全班同學。
（２）among常接三個人／物以上的復數(shù)名詞
eg : The village lies among mountains.這村落位于群山之間。
between用于指兩個或兩個以上各自獨立的人或事之間。
（１） 在（兩者）之間
eg :The little girl was sitting between her parents.
這個小女孩坐在她父母親的中間。
(2)也可用于三個以上，但用以表示個別的相互關(guān)系。
eg :Luxembourg lies between France , Germany and Belgium.
盧森堡位于法國、德國和比利時之間。
針對性訓練題
There is a big playground ______ the teaching building and the school gate..
A. in B. between C. both D. among
二十一Shade v/n. comparative darkness causes by the cutting of direct rays of light .
n: 陰暗處，樹陰
eg : let’s sit in the shade.我們在陰涼處坐下來吧。
(2) 蔽日物，遮簾，百葉窗（用復數(shù)形式shades太陽鏡）
eg :Please pull down the window shade.請拉下窗簾。
(3)差別，不同
eg: all shades of opinion 種種意見
a word with several shades of meaning 具有幾種不同意義的詞。
［警示］a shade 表示“微量，少許”，放在形容詞或副詞之前，修飾該形容詞或副詞，或與of連用，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
Eg：This book is a shade too difficult for children.這本書對小孩而言稍微難了一點。
Ｈe spoke with a shade of reaerve. 他說話帶有些許保留成分。
［拓展］
put sb./sth. in the shade 使某人／某事物相形失色
eg: I thought I was quite a good artist, but your painting puts mine in the shade. 我原以為自己畫得不錯，可比起你的畫來未免相形見絀。
針對性訓練題
They would like to stay in the ________in such hot weather.
A. shadow B. sunshine C. shade D. air
二十二Recommend vt speak favourably of ; say that one thinks sth. is good (for a purpose ) or that sb.is fitted (for a post ); suggest 推薦；介紹；勸告；建議
Eg：He strongly recommended her to our firm for the post. 他極力推薦她來我們公司擔任這職位。
［拓展］
recommend sb. to do sth. 相當于advise sb. to do sth. “建議某人去做某事，勸某人做某事�！啊 �
eg: I recommed you to see her at once. 我勸你馬上去看她。
recommend doing sth. 建議做某事
I recommend going by bus.我建議坐公共汽車去。
［警示］recommend后可接that從句，從句中謂語動詞用should+v 形式，should可省略�！ �
eg :He recommended that they (should) be set free.他建議釋放他們。
針對性訓練題
我可以推薦她為一名優(yōu)秀的秘書。（漢譯英）_______________________________________
The teacher recommended that we _____the novel.
A. read B. would read C. readed D. will read
二十三Contribute ( vt) join with others in giving help , money , etc. give ideas , suggestions , etc. ; write (articles , etc. )and send in 貢獻；捐獻；投稿
eg: He contributed a lot of money to the charity.
他捐很多錢給慈善機構(gòu)。
He didn’t contribute anything to world peace. 他對世界和平毫無貢獻。
(vi)有貢獻；有助于；促成；投稿
Contribute to “為……作貢獻；有助于……；向……投稿”
eg: A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health. 適量的運動有益健康。
The construction of a highway will contribute to the growth of the suburbs. 建造高速公路將有助于郊區(qū)的發(fā)展。
針對性訓練題
She ______ a lot of good ideas ______ the discussion.
她在這次討論中提出很多好的意見。(完成句子)
I make most of my money by _____ book but I _____ contribute.
我的錢大部分是靠寫書掙來的，但我也確實給雜志社投過幾次稿。
二十四 get through
(1)做完，結(jié)束
eg: I get through a lot of work in a day. 我一天做許多工作。
I’m afraid they won’t get through by twelve o’clock.十二點之前他們恐怕做不完。
(1) 通過（考試）
eg: They have all got through the examination.考試他們?nèi)ㄟ^了。
Did you get through your driving test ? 你駕駛考試通過了嗎？
(3)看完，度過，用完
eg: I must get through the book before Saturday. 我必須在星期六之前看完這本書。
(4)（電話）接通
eg :I can’t get through to him . 我給他打電話打不通。
針對性訓練題 漢譯英
除去物理她都不及格。__________________
我難以想象這段無聊的時間他怎么熬。________________
二十五look up （在字典、時刻表等中）查看；翻查；查找
eg :I looked up (the meaning of )the word in my dictionary. 我在詞典中查閱這個詞（的意思）。
Look up the directory for his telephone number. 在電話簿中找他的電話號碼。
針對性訓練題
漢譯英 我常到圖書館查找我所需的資料。____________________
二十六fall into
（1）養(yǎng)成（習慣）eg: fall into bad habits 養(yǎng)成壞習慣
(2)落入圈套 eg: We played a trick on them and they fell right into it. 們設了個圈套，他們正好中計了。
(3)開始（談話等）eg I fell into conversation with a writer at the party.在聚會中我與某位作家談了起來。
[拓展]
fall behind 落后，拖欠 fall off 掉落，降低，減少fall in love with 喜愛，迷上
針對性訓練題
Children should fall _____ a good habit of studying
A. in B. into C. off D. behind
二十七start with 以……開始
eg :The English alphabet starts with A and ends with Z.
[拓展]
（1）start (all) over ( again ) 再度開始，重新開始，從頭做起
(2) start off 出去旅行，出發(fā)，動身(3) start out 出發(fā)，動身，啟動
(4) start somerhing 惹麻煩，闖禍 (5) to start with 第一，首先
針對性訓練題
Starting ______ a humorous story, this class was greatly welcomed among these students.
A. out B. with C. off D. in
二十八. used to , would 二者都有過去常常之意，但用法有所區(qū)別
(1)would 只能表示過去的習慣動作，不表示狀態(tài)，而used to 兩者都可以表示
eg :I would sit under the tree and read English every morning .
我以前每天早上總坐在樹底下讀英語。
He used to be a quiet boy. 他以前是個文靜的男孩。
(2)would 不涉及與現(xiàn)在的對比，而used to 則表示過去與現(xiàn)在的對比
eg: We would often get up early and go fishing. 我們以前經(jīng)常起早去釣魚。（不表示現(xiàn)在不去釣了）
I used to go to my office on foot .我過去常常步行上班（暗示現(xiàn)在不這樣了）
(2) would 常常有時間狀語加以限制，而used to 重在與現(xiàn)在對比，故無此限制
eg: He would often climb a mountain when young年輕時，他常去爬山。
He used to play volleyball. 他過去常打排球。
針對性訓練題
I have been living in Beijing for the years. I _____ live in a small village in Hebei province.
A.used to B. use to C. will D. would
二十九 worth , worthy 兩詞都有“值得……”的意思，但用法不同。
(1) worth 后常跟表價值的詞或直接跟名詞，而worthy后不跟表價值的詞，且后邊加上of后才可跟名詞。
eg: The old book is worth 300 dollars.這本舊書值300美元。
I don’t think it’s worth the trouble .我覺得它不值得那么費事。
His deed is worthy of praise. 他的行為值得稱贊。
(2)worth后可跟動名詞，而worthy后需加上of之后，可跟動名詞的被動形式。
eg: The book is worth reading. =The book is worthy of being read . 這本書值得讀。
(3)worth后不跟不定式，而worthy后�？筛欢ㄊ降谋粍有问�。
eg: His deed is worthy to be praised .他的行為值得稱贊。
針對性訓練題
--This old film is well worth seeing again.
--This old film is well worthy of ___ ______
--This old film is well worthy ____ be _____.
三十I sing when I feel good. 當我高興時我就唱歌。
(1)feel good 是指精神上舒適的意思。
注意： feel well指身體上舒服。
feel 在此表達中作不及物動詞，意為“感覺到……，（心情）覺得……” eg: I feel hungry .我覺得肚子餓。
We felt sorry for her. 我們?yōu)樗械诫y過。
Please feel free to call on us .請不要客氣，隨時來找我們。
The old man felt cold.那個老人覺得冷。
(2)句中feel作及物動詞后跟名詞或that從句作賓語，意為“感覺，感到”
eg: She felt a touch on her shoulder . 她感覺有東西觸及她的肩膀。
I feel it was written for me . 我感到那是我寫的。
針對性訓練題
聽到這個消息我感到非常興奮。（漢譯英）
三十一That question is not difficult to answer if we change the word poetry to songs . 如果我們把詩詞轉(zhuǎn)化為歌曲的話，這個問題就不難解答。
該句式屬“主語+系動詞+形容詞+to do ”句型，to do 是以其主動形式表示被動意思，但該句型中的形容詞僅限于表示主語的特征或性質(zhì)的形容詞，如 heavy, light , difficult , hard , easy , hot , cold , good , nice , interesting , important 等
eg: The problem is difficult to solve .這個問題很難解決。
The box is heavy to carry .這個箱子搬起來太重。
Good novels are interesting to read. 好的小說讀起來很有意思。
針對性訓練題
The maths problem is not easy _____.
A. work out B. to work out C. working out D. workedout
三十二 There are songs that I sing in my head between classes and songs that I want to sing when the school bell rings by the end of the day .有些歌曲是我課間在心里唱的，有些歌曲是在這一天放學鈴聲響起時我想唱的。
(1)本句是一個主從復合句，主句是There are songs…and songs…第一個songs后跟了一個that 引導的定語從句，that 在句中作賓語。第二個songs后也跟了一個that引導的定語從句，that在句中也作賓語，但在第二個定語從句中又含有一個時間狀語從句修飾sing.
(2)In one’s head 在某人心里，head在此短語中意為“頭腦，腦（智）力，理性”。類似用法的表達還有：
use one’s head 動腦筋
come into/enter one’s head （想法等）浮現(xiàn)腦海
have a good head on one’s shoulders 頭腦好，有才干，精明
keep one’s head 保持冷靜
on/upon one’s head 由某人負責。
ut…into one’s head 使……想起某事
Put…out of one’s head 使……忘記某事。
(2) by the end of +表時間的詞，作狀語，句子常用完成時態(tài)
eg :By the end of this week , we have learned 10 units.
到這個星期為止，我們已學習了10個單元。
By the end of last year, they had finished the great project.
到去年年底，他們就完成了那個宏偉的工程。
針對性訓練題
到上學期末我們至少掌握了3000個生詞。（漢譯英）______________________________________
語法講解
過去分詞作狀語，相當于副詞，通常表示時間，原因，條件或伴隨情況（行為方式）等。
1． 作時間狀語 eg :Thrown to the floor, she regained her footing and rushed into the street. 她摔在地板上之后，又站了起來，沖到街道上去了。
2． 作原因狀語 eg :Moved by his words, I accepted his present. 被他的話所感動，我接受了他的禮物。
3． 作條件狀語 eg :Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 如果吃得及時，這藥是很有效的。
4． 作伴隨（或方式）狀語 eg : He turned away disappointed. 她失望地走開了。
The teacher stood there, surrounded by many students. 老師站在那兒， 周圍圍著許多學生。
注意：（1）和狀語的過去分詞通常與句子的主語存在著被動關(guān)系，它所表示的動作通常和謂語動詞屬于同一時間范疇，也可表示先于謂語動詞發(fā)生的動作。 有時，為了強調(diào)先發(fā)生的動作，也可用having been.
(2) 動詞-ed 形式作狀語，有時前面帶有連詞，是狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，其中省去了從句主語和be 動詞，通常該主語與主句的主語相同。 eg :
When (it is ) heated, water will boil. 水加熱就會開。
She won’t go to the party , unless (she is ) invited. 除非得到邀請，否則她不去參加晚會。
針對性訓練題
1．________ in the heavy rain, they didn’t get to the railway station on time .
A. Catching B. To catch C. Caught D. Having caught
2._________many times, this story can not interest him again.
A. Tell B Told C. Telling D. To tell