羅玉南
Lesson 19
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words and expressions:
set (v.) storm, as if, in a hurry, have...on, in (one's) search for
2. Review the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause.
Teaching Important Points:
1. The use of the words and expressions above;
2. Let the students learn how to describe something;
3. Let the students review and master the Attributive Clauses.
Teaching Difficult Points:
The difference between the Restrictive Attributive Clause and the Non-restrictive Attributive clause.
Teaching Methods:
1. Direct method to give the students a clear picture of what they should grasp.
2. Pair work or group work to make every student work.
3. Fast reading to train the students' ability to find out the general information.
Teaching aids:
A projector, a recorder and some slides
Step 1 Revision
1.Books closed. Ask the students some questions about the life and work of Charlie Chaplin.
2.Check the homework exercises.
Step 2 Presentation.
1.Ask the students to read the passage quickly and answer some questions.
Step 3鶵eading
Ask the students to reading the passage carefully, then do EX.1 in the workbook..
2.Deal with some language points.
1．rush鷑 突進；突擊; 急忙；倉促
I don't like the rush of modern life. 我不喜歡快節(jié)奏的現(xiàn)代生活。
The traffic on the streets during the rush hours virtually came to a standstill.
高峰期間馬路上的交通車輛實際上已處于停止狀態(tài)。
搶購熱潮 Christmas rush圣誕節(jié)搶購熱潮
急需 a rush to see the new film 急著要看這部新電影
rush : go or come hurriedly: do sth. with violence or speed
The children rushed out of the school gate.
People rushed up the stair to put out the fire.
The policeman asked the children not to rush across the street.
It is not necessary to rush into（倉促行動）print.
2.The film was set in California in the middle of the nineteenth century.
這部影片以19世紀中葉的加利福尼亞為背景。
句中的短語be set in意為“以…為背景”，例如
The novel is set in the 19th century Paris .這部小說是以十九世紀的巴黎為背景的。
3.Peope said gold could easily be picked up by washing sand from the river in a pan of water.
據(jù)說，用一個水盒淘洗河里的砂子就可以很容易地把金子篩選出來。
短語動詞pick up意為“拾到”、“找到”、“撿起”、“收集到” here:=collect
①He picked up a wallet on his way to school.他在上學的路上撿到一個錢包。
②Mark has picked up a large number of Chinese stamps.馬克已經(jīng)收集到大量的中國郵票。4.This was known as “panning for gold”.這就是人們所熟知的“淘金”。
be known as意為“被稱為”“大家公認”
①She was well known as an excellent dancer.大家都知道她是一名優(yōu)秀的舞蹈演員。
②Shanghai is known as the base of China’s industry.上海被認為是中國的工業(yè)基地。
5.So far, they have been unlucky in their search for gold and have no money at all.サ秸饈蔽止，他們尋找金子一直運氣不好，而他們身上一個錢也沒有了。
in search for/of 搜尋，尋找
①Some birds fly south in search of winter sun .有些鳥南飛去尋找冬天的溫暖。
②Mr. Green came in his search for her.格林先生來找他。
cf. search; search for; look for
search用作及物動詞，后跟“人”時，意為“搜身”；后跟地點名詞時，表示“對某地進行搜查”。也可在賓語后加for短語，表示搜查具體目標。如：
The policemen searched everyone at the party．警察對參加聚會的每個人都進行了搜身。鶷he enemy searched the mountain for the Red Army, but they failed．
敵人在山上搜尋紅軍，但沒找到。
search for意為“尋找”，可視為是search．．．for的省略式，此時search為不及物動詞。如：
She searched for her lost cat everywhere，but failed．她到處尋找走失的貓，但沒找到。
另外，search用作名詞，常構成短語：in one’s search for相當于in search of, 后者search前不用冠詞或人稱代詞。如： They went out in their search for food．＝They went out insearch of food．他們外出尋找食物。look for意為“尋找”，但沒有search for注意力集中，地點名詞不可直接跟在look后作賓語，其前需加介詞。如：鶺hat are you looking for on the playground﹖你在操場上找什么呢？
6.Chaplin and his friend are caught on the edge of a mountain in a snow storm in a small wooden house.在一場大風雪中，&127;卓別林和他的朋友被困在山邊的一個小木屋里。
句中的be caught意為“陷入困境”“進退兩難”。
get/ be caught in 陷入……困境
be caught in a heavy snow
be caught in a traffic jam
be caught between two trucks
A storm is probable /likely to come. Let’s hurry so as not to be caught in it.
①My mother was caught in a heavy rain on her way home.
我媽媽在回家的路上遇上了大雨。
②The car was caught between two trucks.小汽車被卡在兩輛貨車之間
7.He makes it seem as if this is one of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed．
考題：When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it __________ ．（NMET’95）鶤．breaks B．has broken鶦．were broken D．had been broken
簡析：在as if引導的表語從句或狀語從句中，應視情況不同，使用虛擬語氣或陳述語氣。本題應使用虛擬語氣，事實上鉛筆還是直的。答案為C。
as if 用法淺析
一、as if 從句的作用
1．在look, seem 等系動詞后引導表語從句。如：
She looks as if she were ten years younger． 她看起來好像年輕了十歲。
It seems as if our team is going to win．看來我們隊要勝了。
2．引導方式狀語從句。如：
She loves the boy as if she were his mother．她愛這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。鶷he child talked to us as if he were a grown瞮p.
那孩子跟我們談起話來，像個成年人似的。
二、as if 還可用于省略句中
如果as if 引導的從句是“主語＋系動詞”結構，可省略主語和系動詞，這樣as if 后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語）、介詞短語或分詞。如：
He acts as if （he was） a鷉ool．他做事像個傻子。
Tom raised his hands as if （he was going） to say something.
湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。
She left鷗he room hurriedly as if （she was）angry．
她匆忙離開房間好像生氣的樣子。
三、as if 從句的語氣及時態(tài)
1．a(chǎn)s if 從句用陳述語氣的情況。
當說話者認為句子所述的是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時。如：
It sounds as if it is raining．聽起來像是在下雨。
He talks as if he is drunk． 從他談話的樣子來看他是醉了。
2．a(chǎn)s if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況。
當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時。從句虛擬語氣動詞時態(tài)的形式如下：
1）如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時。如：
You look as if you didn’ t care．你看上去好像并不在乎。
He talks as if he knew where she was．他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。
2）從句表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”。如：
He talks about Rome as if he had been there before．
他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。
The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone．
那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。
3)從句表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用“would／could／might＋動詞原形”。如：
He opened his mouth as if he would say something． 他張開嘴好像要說什么。
It looks as if it might snow． 看來好像要下雪了.
8.Chaplin sits down at the table and eats the shoe with a knife and fork，enjoying every mouthful．
考題：The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks，__________ that he had enjoyed his stay here．（NMET’94）
A．having added鶥．to add鶦．a(chǎn)dding鶧．a(chǎn)dded
簡析：本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，答案為C。
Step 4鶯anguage study
非限制性定語從句與高考試題
我們在學習英語時，常常遇到非限制性定語從句。下面結合高考試題談談學習運用非限制性定語從句時應注意的幾個問題。
1）that不能用來引導非限制性定語從句煩
[考例1]燬he heard the terrible noise, ＿＿＿＿ brought her heart into her mouth．(MET’91)牘鶤．it B．which鶦．this鶧．that煩
[簡析]犙B。后半句為非限制性定語從句，不用that而用which來引導。which指代noise，在從句中作主語。
2）除which外，還可用when焪here焪hose焪hom等引導非限制性定語從句，且各自的用法及差異與它們用在限制性定語從句時相同。如：
Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching．
下個月即將來臨，屆時你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。（關系副詞when指代表示時間的名詞next month，并作從句的狀語。）
She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends．
她要到澳門去居住，在那里她有幾個密友。（關系副詞where指代表示地點的名詞Macao，并在從句中作狀語。）
[考例2]燫ecently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ＿＿＿＿ was very reasonable.(上海2000)牘鶤．which price B．the price of which C．its price D．the price of whose
[簡析]犙B。whose在從句中作表示所屬關系的定語，既可指代人，也可指代物。指物時，�？赊D換為of which；指人時常可轉換為of whom。
[考例3]營n the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p．m．, ＿＿＿＿ many people have gone home．
A．whose time B．that C．on which D．by which time(上�！�95)牑
[簡析]犗刃寫5:30 p．m．與time之間是一種同位關系，可用which來作定語替代。從句中的完成狀態(tài)，常與by短語連用，故選D。
3)在非限制性定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞不能省略。如：
He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved as his own mother．他迫切地想到醫(yī)院去看望他繼母，他把繼母當自己的親媽媽一樣愛戴。四、非限制性定語從句的關系代詞which，既可以指代前面的先行詞，也可以指代前面整句的含義。
[考例4]燚orothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ＿＿＿＿ of course,焟ade the others unhappy．
A．who鶥．which鶦．this鶧．what煩(NMET 2000)牑煩
[簡析] 選B。指代“Dorothy總是高度評價自己在那場戲中所擔任的角色”整個事件。鶾考例[考例5]Carol said the work would be done by October, ＿＿＿＿ personally I doubt very much．鶤．it B．that C．when D．which煩 （NMET’99）牑煩
[簡析]牨硎臼奔淶拿詞October，用“我個人非常懷疑”來修飾，意思不通。應該修飾整個主句，表示對“Carol說在十月前能作好這項工作”懷疑。故選D。
4)修飾先行主句時as和which的差異從句置于句首時，非限制性定語從句只能用as引導，而置于句末時，as和which都行。
[考例6] ＿＿＿＿ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month．(NMET 2001)牘
A．It B．As鶦．That鶧．What煩
[簡析]牰漢瘧礱魑非限制性定語從句。選B。
[考例7] ＿＿＿＿ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing．
A．Which鶥．As鶦．That鶧．It煩(上�！�99)牑煩
[簡析]牬鳶肝狟。與考例6同理。
Step5鶳ractice
Part 3 and Part 4
Ask the students to do the two parts first and then check the answers with the class.
Step 6 Writing
Step 7 Workbook
EX.2 and 3.
Homework
Finish off all the exercises in the workbook.
Lesson 20
Teaching Aims:
1. The word and expression: film (vt.), pick out.
2. Improve the students' listening ability.
3. Master the use of the expressions on Page 30. Checkpoint 5.
4. Review the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause.
5. Train the students' writing ability.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Learn and apply the expressions on Page 30. Checkpoint 5.
2. Teach the students how to write through practice.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to improve the鷖tudents' listening ability by listening.
Teaching Methods:
1. Listening to help the students improve their ability to listen.
2. Review method to help the students further understand and master some important points.
3. Writing to help to improve the students' writing ability.
Teaching Aids:
A recorder, a projector and some slides.
Teaching Procedures.
Step 1 Greetings and Revision
Greet the whole class as usual.
Check the homework on Page 29. After that, teacher say the following.
T: Look at the screen, please. Let's do the exercise. Pair work. At last, we will check the answers.
Correct the mistakes in the following passage:
One of Chaplin's most famous film was 1.
"The Gold Rush",that was produced2.
in 1925. The film set in California in the3.
middle of the nineteen century. In the film 4.
Chaplin and his friends was in California in 5.
search for gold. They have no money at6.
all. They were unluck and caught on the7.
edge of the mountain in a snow storm. 8.
They were so hunger that they cooked a9.
pair of shoes. And Chaplin enjoyed eating
it very much..10.
Answers to the exercise:
1. film→films2. that→which3. set→was set4. nineteen→nineteenth5. was→were
6. have→had 7. unluck→unlucky 8. the mountain→a mountain 9. hunger→hungry
10. it→them
Step 2鶯istening
Step 3鶳ractice
Part2, ask the Ss to do it, then check the answers with the whole class.
Step 4 Correction
Part3, ask the Ss to do it, then check the answers with the whole class.
Step 5 Writing
Ask the students to do it, then check the answers with the whole class.
Notes:
1.bring up教育；養(yǎng)育 He was brought up by his uncle.
She was well brought up.
提出；引出 to bring up the question提出問題
提高；上升 The prices have been brought up recently.
嘔吐 He brought up his dinner.
驟然停止bring sb. up short
He was brought up short. 他突然停了下來。
2.pick out
1)摘出, 剔出; 挖出; 啄出
2)挑出, 揀鶳lease pick out the picture you like best.
3)辨別出, 區(qū)別出 His eyesight is so good that he picked out his friend in the crowd.
4)弄明白, 領會(文章等的意義) Can you pick out the passage ?
Step 6 Workbook
EX.1and 2. Ask the students to do them, then check the answers with the whole class.
Homework
Finish off all the exercises in the workbook.