二 、方法指導(dǎo)與演練
1、邏輯推理.
A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology ( 心理學(xué) ) course spends every Saturday working with mentally ( 智力上 )_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable ( 有價值的 ). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations ( 觀察 ).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited
47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments
48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying
49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note
KEY：CBDC
Students generally appreciate ( 認(rèn)可 ) these special _____50_____ opportunities (機(jī)會) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
KEY：DB
The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates.
A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water
KEY：A
2、關(guān)連詞的重要性(特別是轉(zhuǎn)折、并列….. )
No one denies (否認(rèn)) the ____1____ of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this ____2_____. Slices (幻燈片 ) and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details(細(xì)節(jié)) , but creativity ( 創(chuàng)造力 ) of thought cannot be ____3____. They can only be developed through _____4____ experience.
1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success
2. A. far B. long C. way D. direction
3. A. got B, found C. taught D. practiced
4. A. self-educated B. self –service
C. first ---hand D. up –to ---date
KEY：BACC
3、抓住中心意思-----圍繞什么話題 (在文章中出現(xiàn)頻率最多的詞)
Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall ( 演講廳 ) but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ___1___, many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class. The professor begins by selecting one ___2___ of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will open up for class ___3___. Everyone is encouraged to give ____4___ on he work. Not every piece we study is ___5___ famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations(評論).
1. A. subjects B. paintings C. speeches D. lectures
2. A. book B. passage C. text D. work
3. A. discussion B. activity C. argument D. consideration
4. A. questions B. ideas C. comments D. thoughts
5. A. necessarily B. rather C. nearly D. too
KEY：BDACA
高考題是我們老師和同學(xué)的行動指南，好比在浩瀚的大海行進(jìn)中的航船離不開的指示燈，只有真正領(lǐng)悟高考題才能發(fā)現(xiàn)很多的技巧和方法，因為完形填空的設(shè)置是中國人而不是外國人，他們是在一定的語言環(huán)境下來挖空的，按照一定的法則和規(guī)律來設(shè)題的。所以我們首先應(yīng)該了解和充分分析高考題
分析卷高考題(04廣西)：
Jim Shelley是一個有癮的人。他打電話有癮，且不能自拔。真是大千世界，無奇不有。
“My name’s Jim Shelley and I’m an addict(有癮的人)…”
With these words I began to __1__ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people __2__, from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I __3__ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.
It started socially - a few calls each day. It seemed __4__, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the __5__ got worse. Soon it was __6__ use, until, finally, addiction.
And it began to affect(影響) my __7__. During the day I would disappear for __8__ call. If I couldn’t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more __9__, in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, __10__ myself just one more call.
1. A. face B. find C. accept D. notice
2. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work
3. A. tried B. asked C. waited D. invited
4. A. polite B. important C. fine D. special
5. A. condition B. situation C. result D. effect
6. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular
7. A. friends B. study C. family D. work
8. A. a quick B. a secret C. an expected D. an extra
9. A. hopeful B. delighted C. frightened D. anxious
10.A. forcing B. telling C. giving D. limiting
答案
1 A
說完這些話，作者就開始面對/承認(rèn)(face)了問題。face面對，面臨, 承認(rèn)；find找到, 發(fā)現(xiàn), 感到；accept接受, 認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)；notice注意到。
2 B
作者過去從醒來到睡覺總是不停(all the time)地給人家打電話。now and then偶爾，有時；at home在家；at work在工作中；all the time始終。
3 C
我等候著(wait)，而不是要(ask)，試著(try)，邀請(invite)人家打電話過來，又想打電話出去，又多打一個電話出去
4 C
開始是為了社交，每天幾個電話，僅僅快速的聊聊天，似乎沒什么事(fine)，而沒有什么特別(special)，客氣(polite)，重要(important)的地方。注意與后句的though和got worse聯(lián)系起來理解。
5 B
可后來，慢慢地，情況(situation)卻越來越遭。condition 條件，環(huán)境；situation情形, 境遇；result結(jié)果, 成效；effect作用, 影響。
6 A
不久，就總是不停，頻繁(frequent)地打電話來了，最后竟然上癮了. frequent時常發(fā)生的, 頻繁的，通常強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的多次反復(fù)出現(xiàn)；B. regular有規(guī)則的，經(jīng)常的，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作有規(guī)律的經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)；unusual不平常的，不尋常的，強(qiáng)調(diào)非常的情況；particular特別的, 獨(dú)特的，強(qiáng)調(diào)個性特征。
7 D
這不僅僅影響朋友(friends)，家人(family)，學(xué)習(xí)(study)，還影響了我的工作(work)。后文談?wù)摰氖亲髡叩墓ぷ髑闆r。
8 A
大白天，不是為了一個秘密的(secret)，預(yù)料到了的(expected)，額外的(extra)電話，而是為了一個急迫的(quick)電話作者會突然出去。
9 D
沒有電話打時，就等候人家打電話來，等得作者不是充滿希望(hopeful)，欣喜快樂(delighted)，而是越來越迫切、焦慮不安(anxious)，但不至于擔(dān)驚受怕(frightened)。
10 B
作者就會跟這個人打，跟那個人打，心里總是告誡(tell)就再打一個，而不是強(qiáng)迫(force)，給予(give)和限制(limit)自己。這句話是對作者的當(dāng)時的心情的描述。
I was phoning people and __11__ messages to make sure __12__ calls would see me through the day. I used to arrive at friends’ homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the __13__ “Is it OK if I just use the phone…?” At work, I became __14__ when my fellow workers tried to __15__ me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss (with the phone). Finally, the police caught me __16__ a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was __17__ to see a psychiatrist (心理醫(yī)生).
I haven’t __18__ a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it’s several days __19__ I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are __20__ people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict.
11. A. leaving B. taking C. passing D. recording
12. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising
13. A. saying B. demands C. wish D. words
14. A. careful B. mad C. determined D. helpless
15. A. save B. reduce C. protect D. stop
16. A. destroying B. using C. stealing D. emptying
17. A. offered B. guided C. ordered D. reminded
18. A. missed B. had C. received D. fixed
19. A. as B. when C. if D. since
20. A. always B. just C. more D. different
1-5ABCCB 6-10ADADB 11-15ACDBD 16-20ACBDA
答案
11 A
作者總是給人家打電話，并留下(leave)訊息，而不是接受(take)，傳遞(pass)，記錄(record)訊息。take /pass/record /leave messages接受/傳遞記錄/留下訊息。
12 C
作者不管這電話是長時間的(long)，還是緊接著來的(immediate)，還是令人吃驚的(surprising)電話，而是要確保明天我能有足夠多(enough)的電話來度過這一天。
13 D
作者就會直接走到電話機(jī)前說“我可以用這電話嗎？”這些話(words)來表達(dá)要求(demands)或希望(wish)。saying諺語，警句，指人們經(jīng)常重復(fù)耳熟能詳?shù)恼Z句；demands要求，需要；wish希望，請求；words話語。
14 B
上班工作的時候，同伴阻止作者去打電話，作者就會感到無助(helpless)而情緒敗壞狂怒發(fā)瘋(mad)，而不會小心從事(careful)，意志堅定(determined)點(diǎn)而不去打電話。
15 D
同伴們會阻止(stop)作者去打電話。save sb. from救助/拯救某人脫離；protect sb. from保護(hù)某人免遭；stop sb. From阻止某人，使某人不做某事。reduce 通常不與表示“避免”意義的from搭配。
16 A
作者花掉了最后一英鎊，沒有了錢，他沒法再使用(use)，也偷(steal)不著錢，倒不空(empty)電話亭，便氣急敗壞地毀壞(destroy)電話亭，結(jié)果給警察逮個正著。
17 C
作者被命令/安排(order)去看心理醫(yī)生。Offer(主動提供)，guide(指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo))，remind(提醒)的用詞都太客氣委婉，order通常指上級對下屬等強(qiáng)硬的“指使，命令，安排”，意義較為強(qiáng)烈，其語氣更符合文意。
18 B
三天里作者包括接(receive)和打，沒有(have)一個電話，也就無從錯過(miss)一個電話，更無法安裝(fix)電話機(jī)了。
19 D
自作者使用電話亭以來，已經(jīng)好幾天了=作者好幾天沒有使用過電話亭了。since表示“自……以來”的意思。
20 A
作者努力不去看電視，不是因為電視上有各類不同(different)或更多的(more)人，也不是有人正好在打電話，而是因為屏幕上總是、時常(always)出現(xiàn)人們打電話的鏡頭。
理論完形填空
我們讓同學(xué)們了解了高考題的特點(diǎn)和基本方法后，應(yīng)該循序漸進(jìn)的進(jìn)行“完形填空方法”的單句或某一段的挖空訓(xùn)練：
一定要幫助同學(xué)們過語言推理這一關(guān)，同時注意語氣副詞在高考中的位置，幾乎每年都考，以下是幾個鞏固訓(xùn)練題。
(一) 完形填空中的語氣副詞的情景設(shè)置
①….I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the _______ smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla.
A. still B. yet C. even D. already
②He certainly looked the part all right, he thought as he admired himself in the mirror. He _______ thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there…..
A. just B, even C. still D. already
③The shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can ________ damage a perfect diamond.
A. almost B. even C. just D. ever
④….At times, he would turn, sit down, and _______ go on his knees.
A. almost B. even C. often D. rather
⑤….After a hard day in the laboratory, she goes home. There she pays with her toys. She ______ enjoys watching television before going to bed.
A. quite B. already C. even D. still
⑥……..Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay’s words, they ______ seem tome the best yardstick, because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than other.
A. even B. still C. always D. almost
⑦…….First of all he was a window –cleaner and in his first week he managed to break at least six windows. He ______ lost his job as a postman because he sent off all the letters when he should have taken them to people’s houses…..
A. thus B. even C. once D. only
⑧…….Finally I turned the key in the lock and pushed the door open, with Dad _______complaining about a hurting knee or something….
A. yet B. only C. even D. still
⑨The native people said they knew of this animal and called it the “ Yeti” , and they said that they had _____ caught Yeti on two occasions (場面 )though none has ever been produced as evidence (證據(jù) )
A. even B. hardly C. certainly D. probably
（二） 邏輯推理.
★A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology (心理學(xué)) course spends every Saturday working with mentally (智力上)_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable (有價值的). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations (觀察).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited
47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments
48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying
49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note
★Students generally appreciate (認(rèn)可) these special _____50_____ opportunities (機(jī)會) . They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
★The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates.
A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water
完形填空鞏固練習(xí)
【內(nèi)容綜述】
完形填空在高考試題中是一項必試題型。這種題型可以檢查學(xué)生外語學(xué)習(xí)的綜合水平。在運(yùn)用層次，可以檢查學(xué)生結(jié)合背景知識理解全文主題、大意和作者意圖的能力；根據(jù)上下文運(yùn)用語言知識猜測生詞的能力；全面駕馭語篇、獲取信息的能力；在知識層次，可以檢查學(xué)生詞匯、語法知識。
【要點(diǎn)講解】
解題方法和步驟
1.通讀全文,了解大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息,充分利用各種線索答。
盡管完形填空給學(xué)生提供的是一篇?dú)埲辈蝗奈恼�，但作答前花上兩、三分鐘，忽略殘缺部分，對整個篇章作出判斷，是完全必要,也是很值得的。只有這樣,才能掌握文章大意, 找到文章基調(diào)，弄清作者思路,情節(jié)發(fā)展過程,建立起必要的背景知識,也才有保證抓住中心議題,做到心中有底,其后才能不斷根據(jù)文中提供的信息,將被刪除的細(xì)節(jié)補(bǔ)全,使文章的情節(jié)得到正常發(fā)展，最后獲得完整語篇。
在通讀時,文章的第一句是很重要的,它常為全文提供大意,主題,體裁,人物,時間,地點(diǎn),氣氛等多方面信息,有了這些信息,再往下讀,就是跳過一些空格,也不會太緊張。在通讀文章之后，要充分利用文章本身提供的信息（也就是我們常說的語境），找出正確答案。對文章領(lǐng)會越深刻，越能體會到上下文之間的關(guān)系，答案才能找得越準(zhǔn)確。在讀其他句子時,也不要忽視小詞,有些信息往往來自于這些小詞,它們的色彩能決定我們的選擇。下面以2000年高考完形填空為例，進(jìn)行分析。
I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and at the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcases 3 down the stairs. “Damn!” he screamed, his face turning red. I knew 4 was ahead. Whenever Dad’s face turns red, 5 !
How could I ever 6 him to finish unloading the car 7 screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, girls I would have to spend the 8 of the year with? Doors were opening and faces peering out (探出), as Dad walked 9 close behind. I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a(n) 10 start.
“ 11 the room quickly,” I thought. “Get him into a chair and calmed down.” But 12 , would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be a(n) 13 room?
14 I turned the key in the lock and 15 the door open, with Dad 16 complaining(抱怨) about a hurting knee or something. I put my head in, expecting the 17 . But to my 18 , the room wasn’t empty at all! It had furniture, curtain, a TV, and even paintings on the walls.
And there on a well-made bed sat Amy, my new 19 , dressed neatly. Greeting me with a nod, she said in a soft voice, “Hi, you must be Cori.” Then, she 20 the music and looked over at 21 . “And of course, you’re Mr. Faber,” she said, 21 . “Would you like a glass of iced tea?” Dad’s face turned decidedly 23 before he could bring out a “yes.”
I knew 24 that Amy and I would be 25 and my first year of college would be a success.
1.A.helpless B.lazy C.anxious D.tired
2.A.took B.minded C.missed D.picked
3.A.rolling B.passing C.dropping D.turning
4.A.suffering B.difficulty C.trouble D.danger
5.A.go ahead B.look out C.hold on D.give up
6.A.lead B.help C.encourage D.get
7.A.after B.without C.while D.besides
8.A.best B.beginning C.end D.rest
9.A.with difficulty B.in a hurry C.with firm steps D.in wonder
10.A.fresh B.late C.bad D.unfair
11.A.Search B.Find C.Enter D.Book
12.A.in fact B.by chance C.once more D.then again
13.A.small B.empty C.new D.neat
14.A.Finally B.Meanwhile C.Sooner or later D.At the moment
15.A.knocked B.forced C.pushed D.tried
16.A.yet B.only C.even D.still
17.A.worst B.chair C.best D.tea
18.A.regret B.disappointment C.surprise D.knowledge
19.A.roommate B.classmate C.neighbour D.companion
20.A.turned on B.turned down C.played D.enjoyed
21.A.Dad B.me C.the door D.the floor
22.A.questioning B.wondering C.smiling D.guessing
23.A.red B.less pale C.less red D.pale
24.A.soon B.there C.later D.then
25.A.sisters B.friends C.students D.fellows
Key: 1-5 DCACB 6-10 DBDAC 11-15 BDBAC 16-20 DACAB 21-25 ACCDB
這是一篇敘事文。本篇文章描述了在不長的一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的情況，但在這段時間中，主人公的情緒有一個根本的轉(zhuǎn)變。我們在閱讀這段短文時，不但要讀懂文章，還要體會出這種轉(zhuǎn)變，同時根據(jù)這種轉(zhuǎn)變作出正確判斷，從而找出合適的選項。
在通讀本文之后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)文章的第1段到第3段的基調(diào)是一致的，從第4自然段中間開始，往后的文章氣氛有了一個轉(zhuǎn)折。正因為這個轉(zhuǎn)折，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)前后文章所用詞匯有著鮮明的對比，當(dāng)然，選項也就出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的變化。比如在前面部分中有slowly, lonely, worse still, fell, “Damn!”, scream, turning red, complaining 等詞匯，這些詞匯使我們體會出這段文章的沉悶氣氛；這一部分中的tired, missed, trouble, look out, with difficulty, bad, empty , worst等選項，正是與這種氣氛符合的選項。第二部分所用詞匯顯然發(fā)生變化，如：wasn’t empty at all, furniture, curtains, a TV set, even paintings on the wall, well-made bed, dressed neatly, greeting, soft voice, success等等；這一部分中的smiling, less red, friends等選項既符合這一部分的輕松氣氛，也與前面部分出現(xiàn)對比。
下面我們以其中一些空為例，進(jìn)行更具體的分析、說明。
第1空的4個選項雖然方向是一致的，但根據(jù)上文語境中提到的slowly、carrying a big suitcase等等，這種情況產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果應(yīng)該是tired。第4空還是根據(jù)上文語境中提到的一系列不利情況的發(fā)生，可以想見會有麻煩－－trouble；suffering, difficulty, danger 在此雖然符合文段氣氛，但都過分夸張或與實際情況有出入，所以不能選。第5空在第4空選對的基礎(chǔ)上，可以看出應(yīng)該“小心”，所以選look out。第6空的4個動詞選項放在句中，語法上都行得通，但此處須結(jié)合下文意義看，我們可以說“使”某人做什么事，是為了產(chǎn)生或不產(chǎn)生什么結(jié)果，而“幫助”、“鼓勵”或“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”某人做什么事，應(yīng)該是為產(chǎn)生一個結(jié)果，如此看來只能選get了。第11空：我們已經(jīng)知道主人公是個新大學(xué)生，父親正在幫著她搬家，根據(jù)常識，他們首先應(yīng)該“找到”房間，不會搜尋（search）或訂（book）房間；而enter應(yīng)該發(fā)生在“找到”之后，同時它與修飾詞quickly不搭配，也不合適，因此只能選find。第12空：but then again 是一個固定詞組，相當(dāng)于however, 中文意思是“但是（也可能是另外一種情況）”, 如果知道這一點(diǎn)，此空就很容易做出了。第13空：從下文中的提示the room wasn’t empty at all可以看到該選empty。第17空的選項與這個空所處的位置有很大關(guān)系，我們前面提到文章前半部分處于低調(diào)，這就決定了作者此時的態(tài)度是作好了最壞的準(zhǔn)備，選worst；而其他3個選項都與這種氣氛無關(guān)。第23空：故事發(fā)展到此，整個氣氛已經(jīng)有了根本的轉(zhuǎn)變，而就是在這時作者的想法也有了轉(zhuǎn)變，此空4個選項中有3個表示時間: soon, later, then, 前兩個時間都表示將來，與故事的發(fā)展不符合，then表示“此時”，與情節(jié)符合，所以選它；there表示地點(diǎn)，而地點(diǎn)仍然是過去的地點(diǎn)，并沒有發(fā)生變化，因此不選。
做完形填空后，我們一定要把文章完整地讀一讀，看看是否順暢、有道理、一氣呵成。往往在檢查中，我們才能看到錯誤選項造成的說不通、氣氛不協(xié)調(diào)、不符合邏輯。
2.明確詞意,詞型,詞的搭配,并按上下文需要作答。
做完形填空中遇到的一個最大的問題就是拿不準(zhǔn)該選哪個詞,有時就是在語境清楚明確的情況下,也不容易選出正確答案,這就需要我們掌握詞意的細(xì)微區(qū)別,詞意程度的深淺,所表示范圍的大小,或感情色彩的不同等詞意方面的知識;掌握詞型知識,如動詞的不同動詞型,或其他詞類的詞型等;及詞的搭配,如動詞與名詞的固定搭配,動詞與介詞的搭配,名詞與介詞的搭配,形容詞與介詞的搭配等等。同時上下文是一環(huán)套一環(huán)的, 不同的詞匯說明事物發(fā)展的不同程度,不同場合;人物的不同動作,不同心理;結(jié)果的不同方面,不同色彩等等。只有把對上下文語境的明了及對詞的用法的清楚結(jié)合起來作答,完形填空的正確性才能有充分的證。
根據(jù)歷年高考完形填空試題中所考的各種詞類的比例來看,動詞,名詞所占的比例最大，其次是形容詞,副詞,連詞,介詞,代詞等。所以在詞的學(xué)習(xí)方面,我們應(yīng)該對動詞,名詞給予特別的留心與關(guān)照。
下面例題是1999年高考完形填空試題。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bell. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗議) against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
“They not only make it 4 to sleep at night, but they are 5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 ,” said John Norris, one of the protesters.
“ 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,” said Jean Lacey, a biology student, “why don’t they build a new road that goes 8 the town? Burlington isn’t much more than a 9 village. Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic.”
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 . “Most of them don’t 15 here anyway,” he said, “they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音), 16 they probably don’t 17 the noise all that much. It’s high time they realized the 18 .”
The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were 19 on their side, and even if they weren’t they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
“Not really,” she said, “actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practising.”
I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1.A. college B. village C. town D. church
2.A. change B. repair C. ring D. shake
3.A. now and then B. day and night C. up and down D. over and over
4.A. terrible B. difficult C. uncomfortable D. unpleasant
5.A. doing B. raising C. putting D. producing
6.A. scene B. period C. interest D. sense
7.A. If B. Although C. When D. Unless
8.A. to B. through C. over D. round
9.A. pretty B. quiet C. large D. modern
10.A. tested B. meant C. kept D. used
11.A. well B. hard C. biology D. education
12.A. effort B. time C. trouble D. noise
13.A. townspeople B. other students C. government officials D. truck drivers
14.A. stand B. accept C. know D. share
15.A. shop B. live C. come D. study
16.A. but B. so C. or D. for
17.A. notice B. mention C. fear D. control
18.A. event B. loss C. action D. problem
19.A. hardly B. unwillingly C. mostly D. usually
20.A. I B. We C. She D. They
21.A. surprised B. afraid C. pleased D. determined
22.A. seize B. fight C. search D. stop
23.A. proper B. experienced C. hopeful D. serious
24.A. point B. cause C. need D. law
25.A. left B. found C. reached D. passed
Key: 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 CDCAB 16-20 BADCA 21-25 BDADA
這是一篇報導(dǎo)。此篇報導(dǎo)涉及了一個熱門話題：環(huán)境保護(hù)問題。這種體裁及題材在日常生活中，尤其是在報刊雜志中最為常見。因此文章的實用性體現(xiàn)得極為突出。
第3空：我們知道本篇文章是講噪音污染的，交通噪音污染對人們的騷擾很嚴(yán)重，而且是持續(xù)不斷的，在此只有day and night頻率最高，能表達(dá)這種意義, 而over and over, now and then都不能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)這種持續(xù)性。第6空：文章前面提到houses, shops，這些都是地點(diǎn)，因此不能選sense(表示感覺), period(表示時間)；scene可以表示地點(diǎn)，但這個詞表達(dá)不出這些地點(diǎn)的價值；interest可以說明是“名勝”，體現(xiàn)出了地點(diǎn)的價值。 第7空，涉及到上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系問題。上句we must have these noisy trucks on the roads, 與下句why don’t they build a new road...，尤其上句中的must這個詞，使我們體會到兩句之間是條件關(guān)系，而下句的don’t又使我們決定應(yīng)該選if，全句意思是“假如我們必須忍受路上的這些卡車，他們?yōu)槭裁床荒芙ㄒ粭l繞城公路呢？”；although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；unless雖然引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，但它與if意義正好相反，也不能選。第8空，根據(jù)上下文提供的語境，我們知道，此句話是抗議者說的，抗議者當(dāng)然希望道路“繞城”而過，不會是“穿城”而過，因此只能選round，不能是through。第9空，句型not more than = at most, 意思是“至多”，much只起修飾作用，根據(jù)這個意義及后面的被修飾詞village，我們可以選quiet 或large，如果選quiet village---“平靜的村落”，這個意義與“至多”相矛盾；而large village---“大村子”，卻說明“至多是個大村子”，言外之意就是不適宜繁忙的交通。第10空，根據(jù)下文的for，我們想到mean sb./sth for...是“準(zhǔn)備…干某工作”的意思，與上下文符合；本空如果選used，那么就意味著“從來沒有交通繁忙”，這種說法與文中抗議者要表達(dá)的意思是不一樣的。這兩句的意思是“伯零頓至多是個大村莊，它的街道從來不是為繁忙的交通而準(zhǔn)備的”。第14空，從上文中我們知道學(xué)生們有意制造噪音，為了使政府官員意識到人們要忍受的是什么，因此選stand；accept是“接受”的意思，人們對噪音如果接受了，那就不要抗議了，因此不能選；know是“知道”的意思，與上下文無關(guān)；share是“共享”的意思，這與噪音不能搭配。第17空：政府官員不住在此處，市政廳又是隔音的，他們可能根本注意不到噪音，選notice正是這個意思；mention“提到”，與此處意義不符；fear是“害怕”的意思，對噪音談不上害怕；control“控制”也與此處上下文不符。在第21、22空的句子中提到警察會對這些學(xué)生采取的行動，這些學(xué)生并沒犯罪，警察所能采取的行動只可能是制止他們，而不會“抓”或“戰(zhàn)斗”，從這些分析出發(fā)，這兩空選afraid、stop。做第23空時，一定要看下句 I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. 下句是對上句的解釋，即：這些學(xué)生只是幫助敲鐘。再從他們的身份來看，他們是學(xué)習(xí)生物的大學(xué)生，他們畢業(yè)后也不會從事此項工作，因此不能選 hopeful, 或 serious；更不可能是experienced---有經(jīng)驗的, proper在此是suitable“合適的”意義，指他們不是專職敲鐘人，也就不會觸犯法律。第24空：這個學(xué)生在針對記者的發(fā)問回答，在提問中，談到警察會制止他們，警察加以干涉的事情，一定與法律有關(guān)，警察是不會因為其他原因進(jìn)行干涉，因此只能選law。
3.根據(jù)語法知識,典型句型及句型之間的關(guān)系來作答。
高考完形填空中根據(jù)語法知識設(shè)的空并不多, 但掌握一定的語法知識，根據(jù)上下文學(xué)會分析句子類型、或句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，也是非常有用的。我們要看清句子是時間狀語從句,定語從句還是并列句等等,另外我們還需要進(jìn)行分析，看句與句之間是原因與結(jié)果的關(guān)系,還是現(xiàn)象與結(jié)論的關(guān)系,或是前后順序關(guān)系,或是后對前的進(jìn)一步解釋關(guān)系,還是并列的,同位的,對比的,選擇的,轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系等等。
下面例題節(jié)自92年高考完形填空試題。
The lecture on smoking was over at last. As we boys were rushing towards the playground, Jim slipped by the table. The watch, which Mrs. Smith had 1 on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.
We were 2 to go back for class again when the headmaster called us 3 and said, "I've got a little 4 for you boys. Mrs. Smith has just lost her watch on the playground. This kind of thing has happened 5 , she says----it just
6 off her wrist(手腕). So, look around for it, will you? 7 if you're clever enough to find it. Let's 8 it clear the boy who does 9 will get a useful reward."
1.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid
2.A.about B.able C.sorry D.sure
3.A.forward B.together C.straight D.out
4.A.fun B.trick C.job D.prize
5.A.before B.now C.here D.there
6.A.goes B.throws C.slips D.falls
7.A.Say B.See C.Guess D.Check
8.A.get B.put C.make D.keep
9.A.this B.such C.that D.so
Key:1-5 DABCA 6-9 CBCD
從這兩自然段,我們看到老師Mrs. Smith 的表丟了,校長把同學(xué)們召集起來,讓大家?guī)椭冶怼５?空雖然不是為語法而設(shè)的,但我們注意到此處用的是過去完成時,這個時態(tài)的提示很重要,它說明老師在講課前是自己把表放在桌上的,而講課后,表不見了,可能是有人拿走的,而不會是自己掉在地上的,此處選laid“放”。第2空是一個特殊句型, be about to do...when是“正要干某事,就在此時(出現(xiàn)了某種情況)”的意思; 如果同學(xué)們對這個特殊句型很熟悉,就不會猶豫,而選about了; 其他形容詞后面都可能接不定式, 但是卻與when搭配不起來。第3空,根據(jù)上句句型結(jié)構(gòu)是“正要返回教室”,可知同學(xué)們還沒有集合起來,而校長此時需把大家集合起來,因此選了together。第4空,根據(jù)語法可以先排除fun, 因為fun是個不可數(shù)名詞,前面不能加不定冠詞a,其他兩答案trick和prize又都與此時的上下文無關(guān),因此選job。第5空,根據(jù)語法現(xiàn)在完成時用法,我們知道before常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的結(jié)果,而且before也符合上下文,因此我們選它。第7空是個祈使句,校長讓大家看看誰能找到表,所以這個祈使句實際上是Let's see,的意思, 此空我們選see。
要提高做完形填空的正確率、盡量減少錯誤選擇，也是要有較高的閱讀能力作基礎(chǔ)的。因此，平時擴(kuò)大閱讀量、擴(kuò)大知識面，十分必要。學(xué)習(xí)英語要靠積累，課堂上要積累，課外更要積累。高考是選拔人才的考試，誰知識面廣，誰積累得多，誰在能力上就更勝一籌。
【強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練】
(1)
Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady who lived with her only son John in a small house. She 1 John very much. In her 2 he couldn’t do anything
3 . Every morning she would give him breakfast 4 bed and bring him the papers to 5 . It isn’t really true that he was too 6 to work --- in fact he had tried a few 7 . First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to 8 at least six windows. Then he 9 a bus conductor and on his second 10 a passenger stole his bag with all the fares(車費(fèi)) collected. He 11 lost his job as a postman 12 he sent off all the letters when he should have taken them to people’s houses. It seemed that there was 13 suitable work for him. So he 14 to join the army. Mrs. Fant was so 15 about this that she told the 16 to all her neighbours. ‘My John is going to be a soldier,’ she said. ‘He is going to be the best soldier there 17 was, I can tell you!’
Then the great day came 18 he was to march past the palace in the parade (接受檢閱的隊伍). His 19 mother travelled to the city early in the morning to be sure of getting a good 20 in the crowd.
The parade was full of sound and colour. But when John and his 21 came in sight some of the people watching 22 laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they marched along.
But Ella Fant, who was filled with 23 , shouted at the top of her voice: ‘Look at 24 ! They’re all out of 25 except my John! Isn’t he the best!’
1.A.depended on B.waited on C.trusted D.loved
2.A.hope B.eyes C.head D.beliefs
3.A.wrong B.great C.good D.strange
4.A.to B.at C.in D.by
5.A.check B.read C.keep D.sign
6.A.lazy B.young C.weak D.shy
7.A.ones B.years C.tasks D.jobs
8.A.rub B.drop C.break D.clean
9.A.followed B.met C.became D.found
10.A.day B.try C.route D.chance
11.A.thus B.even C.once D.only
12.A.even if B.so that C.because D.though
13.A.some B.such C.less D.no
14.A.began B.promised C.managed D.decided
15.A.excited B.worried C.anxious D.curious
16.A.incident B.change C.news D.matter
17.A.yet B.ever C.never D.just
18.A.where B.since C.when D.till
19.A.proud B.kind C.strict D.lucky
20.A.time B.position C.experience D.impression
21.neighbours B.army officer C.mother D.fellow soldiers
22.A.couldn’t help B.shouldn’t burst out C.stopped D.kept
23.A.sadness B.happiness C.surprise D.regret
24.A.them B.those C.that D.him
25.A.sight B.order C.mind D.step
（2）
I remember vividly the call that changed my life. It was Tuesday, February 18, when the 1 rang in the kitchen of my Los Angeles home. On the 2 was Marty Banderas, a literary agent to whom I had sent a draft(草稿) of my novel three weeks earlier. “ I have a couple of 3 ,” Banderas said. “ First, how old are you?” “ I’ m 48,” I replied. “ Are you in good 4 ?” “ Yes, excellent. What’ s this about?” “ I’ ve sold your novels 5 one and a half million dollars.”
I sat down in 6 . I had written over fourteen novels in twenty years, but each one had been 7 by the publishers. I suppose many people would have been 8 , but not me. Each time, I just 9 writing another one. My husband advised me to find something else to do, but I refused to 10 up. Seeing this book 11 was the best thing that has ever happened to me. It’ s mystery story (like all the others) and it was on the best-seller 12 two weeks after publication!
I got my first lesson in story 13 from my grandmother. She used to read me stories. She was the one who gave me a 14 of words. She sparked(激發(fā)) my 15 and she has been a 16 influence on me. I always had stories running through my 17 and as soon as I could write I 18 them down on paper.
I married young and I have three children , but I never stopped writing,
19 novels between doing the diapers(嬰兒的尿布) and dishes. I am writing another novel now. Yes, my 20 has changed my life.
1.A.phone
B.bell
C.clock
D.alarm
2.A.line
B.step
C.outside
D.doorway
3.A.novels
B.things
C.questions
D.problems
4.A.wealth
B.health
C.condition
D.order
5.A.to
B.for
C.on
D.in
6.A.need
B.joy
C.settlements
D.shock
7.A.rejected
B.received
C.decided
D.lost
8.A.worried
B.encouraged
C.discouraged
D.excited
9.A.couldn’ t help
B.got down to
C.got used to
D.went on
10.A.hold
B.look
C.give
D.set
11.A.sold
B.published
C.printed
D.passed
12.A.books
B.shops
C.record
D.list
13.A.writing
B.organizing
C.telling
D.reading
14.A.use
B.love
C.meaning
D.respect
15.A.hope
B.efforts
C.novels
D.imagination
16.A.lasting
B.normal
C.careful
D.general
17.A.head
B.mouth
C.voice
D.work
18.A.took
B.put
C.broke
D.added
19.A.writing
B.reading
C.developing
D.translating
20.A.friend
B.call
C.success
D.work
（3）
Every year between February and April, when the southwest monsoon(季風(fēng)) blows, a fever seizes the Thais(泰國人). It is the kite, and kite flying in Thailand 1 a strong feeling of intertest that is nothing 2 of feverish.
During the summer, in the months of March and April, the skies 3 cities, towns and villages throughout the Kingdom are 4 with kites of all descriptions --- long-tailed dragons, twisting snakes, beautiful butterflies, or familiar cartoon characters wheeling and weaving in the warm air.
One afternoon, a friend and long-time kite flier invited me to 5 him at the Pramane Ground. “ What’ s the attraction?” I asked as he flew a huge kite. “ Well, you can feel a bit of a 6 at first,” he replied, “ a grown man standing there holding the end of a string and 7 up into the sky. But once you forget yourself, you get caught up in the 8 of controlling something in the air where you cannot follow. You’ re on the ground: the kite’ s in the air but it’ s you that are making it all 9 . Go on, go fly a kite.”
I took his advice in the 10 it was meant and, holding the hand of my young daughter so that others would think I was only satisfying a child’ s
11 , I bought a rainbow-coloured snake. After a few failed runs we got the kite into the air 12 greater ease than I expected. It was only my daughter’ s crying, “ My go, my go” that I realized I’ d been holding the string, completely 13 what I was discovering was a very pleasing pastime.
Like many other 14 of popular culture, the sport of kite flying in Thailand has been 15 down from generation to generation. Its origins(起源) are 16 probably in ancient China, although it seems likely that Thai kites are as old as the 17 itself. It was a crazy 18 by everyone from the king down.
“ It's a great tradition(傳統(tǒng)), that has the 19 of bringing generations together.” says my friend. “ What you see today at the King’ s Cup is the 20 as the people of the past would have seen more than two hundred years ago.”
1.A.fires
B.fights
C.turns
D.keeps
2.A.long
B.short
C.fond
D.proud
3.A.on
B.over
C.around
D.in
4.A.alive
B.ready
C.open
D.equal
5.A.see
B.care
C.accept
D.join
6.A.hero
B.fool
C.master
D.fireman
7.A.flying
B.missing
C.staring
D.jumping
8.A.match
B.comfort
C.excitement
D.movement
9.A.happen
B.begin
C.attend
D.break
10.A.way
B.while
C.language
D.need
11.A.game
B.sport
C.request
D.best
12.A.for
B.with
C.beyond
D.under
13.A.tired of
B.fit for
C.helped with
D.devoted to
14.A.laws
B.rules
C.forms
D.researches
15.A.put
B.handed
C.sat
D.looked
6.A.rooted
B.left
C.dated
D.hoped
17.A.history
B.Kingdom
C.time
D.earth
18.A.imagined
B.used
C.enjoyed
D.told
19.A.effect
B.right
C.name
D.science
20.A.same
B.kite
C.invention
D.relation
（4）
It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City. 3 this day was to be different.
Waiting 4 the crowded streets, on top of a 5 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 6 a tight-rope(繃索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.
Philippe took his first 7 with great care. The wire held. Now he was 8 he could do it. 9 only a balancing pole, Philippe walked his way across, a 10 of 131 feet.
Soon the rush-hour 11 began to notice. What a 12 ! There, 1350 feet above the street, a 13 figure was walking on air.
Philippe made seven 14 , back and forth. He wasn’t satisfied with just 15 . At times, he would turn, sit down, and 16 go on his knees. Once, he had the astonishing 17 to lie down on the thin thread. And thousands of 18 watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.
After the forty-minute 19 , Philippe was taken to the police station. He was asked 20 he did it. Philippe shrugged and said, “When I see two tall buildings, I walk.”
1.A. jobs
B. homes
C. buses
D. offices
2.A. working
B. hot
C. same
D. ordinary
3.A. And
B. So
C. Bu