Part I (Reading/Grammar and usage)
【要點(diǎn)解析】
1.polish
(1) polish vt. 磨光，擦亮，提高，改進(jìn)
He polished his floor with a special chemical.
他用一種特殊的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來擦亮地板。
(2) polish up磨光，擦亮，提高，改進(jìn)
He polished up an old copper coin.
他擦亮了一枚古銅幣。
I’ll need to polish up my French if I’m going to France for my holidays.
如果我想去法國旅游，我需要提高我的法語。
（3）polish off 吃完，完成
He polished up a plate of fish in no time at all
他瞬間就吃完了一盤子魚
(4) polish n.鞋油，去污劑，亮彩，磨擦
Your shoes need a polish
你的鞋需要擦一擦。
He bought a tin of brown polish
他昨天買一聽褐色鞋油。
A hot plate can spoil the table’s polish.
熱盤子會(huì)毀桌面的光滑。
Your writing has potential but lacks polish.
你的文章有潛質(zhì)但缺少文采。
2. figure
(1)figure n. 數(shù)字；錢數(shù)
His score is now well into double figures.
他的得分現(xiàn)在已達(dá)到兩位數(shù)了。
It is estimated that his property is up to a figure of $200 million.
據(jù)估計(jì)他的財(cái)產(chǎn)已達(dá)兩億美元的金額。
（2）figure n. 體形，體態(tài)
How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much?
她吃這么多，究竟是怎樣保持優(yōu)美的身材的？
（3）figure n. 人物，重要人物
He was the outstanding political figure of his time.
他是他那個(gè)時(shí)代的著名政治人物。
（4）figure n. 人影
I can’t make out a dark figure in the distance.
我看不清遠(yuǎn)處的一個(gè)黑色人影。
（5）figure v. (經(jīng)過思考后)認(rèn)為，以為
I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed to drive.
我認(rèn)為他喝醉了，不應(yīng)該讓他開車。
（6）figure v. 計(jì)算
Larry figured his expenses for the past month.
拉里計(jì)算了他上個(gè)月的開支。
詞組：
figure out 想出，理解（某事）
Can you figure out how to do it?
你能想出這件事該怎么辦？
It took me hours to figure those algebra problems out.
我花幾個(gè)小時(shí)才算出那些代數(shù)題。
3. in other words 換言之，也就是說
In other words, our objective is to avoid losing.
也就是說，我們的目標(biāo)是要避免失敗。
拓展：
1）find the words 用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言表達(dá)
She only wished she could find the words to express her affection for the old man.
她只想希望用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言表達(dá)對這位老人的感情。
2）keep one’s word 信守諾言
Gail kept her word and returned all the money.
蓋爾履行了她的諾言，把錢如數(shù)歸還。
3）in a word 總之，一句話，簡言之
-----Do you enjoy the film?
-----In a word-no.
“你喜歡這部電影嗎？” “一句話，不喜歡。”
4）word for word 逐字逐句
The newspaper printed his speech more or less word for word.
報(bào)紙幾乎逐字逐句地刊登了他的講話。
5）have a word with sb. 與某人交談
Could I have a word with you after the meeting?
會(huì)后我們可否談?wù)劊?/p>
6）have words with sb, 與某爭吵
Yesterday he had words with his classmate about a small thing.
昨天他為一件小事跟同學(xué)吵架了。
4. represent v.
1) 代表（某人、某團(tuán)體）
Mr. Kobayashi was chosen to represent the company at the conference.
小林先生被選為該公司會(huì)議的代表。
2）體現(xiàn)，表達(dá)（某一那群人的情感、意見等）
The protesters represented only a small section of public opinion.
抗議者僅表達(dá)了一小部分民意。
3）作為（某團(tuán)體）的代表出席
All the local societies and clubs were represented in the parade.
當(dāng)?shù)厮械纳鐖F(tuán)和俱樂部都有代表參加了游行。
4）象征，表示
The red lines on the map represent railways.
地圖上的紅線表示鐵路。
5）（用圖畫）表示，描繪
The painting represents the first settlers arriving in America.
這幅畫描繪了首批移民到達(dá)美洲時(shí)的情景。
6）represent oneself as 佯稱自己是
They represented themselves as the party of low taxation.
他們佯稱自己是主張低稅率的黨派。
7）represent sb as 把某人描寫為
Shakespeare represents Richard III as a cruel-hearted person.
莎士比亞將理查三世描寫成一個(gè)心腸狠毒的人。
8) 再送給，再提出
The phone company re-presented the bill for payment.
電話公司再度寄來賬單要求付款。
5. worth prep. 值---錢；相當(dāng)于---的價(jià)值
1) be worth a lot 值許多錢
The diamond necklace is worth a lot.
這個(gè)鉆石項(xiàng)鏈很值錢。
2) be worth a fortune
Now they’ve found oil the land must be worth a fortune.
既然他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油，那塊土地肯定是價(jià)值連城。
3) be worth doing 值得做
It is a film worth seeing. 這是一部值得看的電影。
4) be worth it 值得
I didn’t write to Louise, because I didn’t think it was worth it.
我沒有給路易斯寫信，因?yàn)槲矣X得不值得。
5) it’s well worth doing sth
It’s well worth getting there an hour early, if you want a good seat.
你如果想占一個(gè)好座位，很值得提前一個(gè)小時(shí)到那兒。
區(qū)別：
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
be worthy of + n.
it is worthwhile doing/to do sth.
6. mend one’s way 改邪歸正，改過自新
In the past, he was a troublemaker, but now he has mended his way.
過去，他是個(gè)惹事生非的人，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)改邪歸正了。
mend a fault 改正錯(cuò)誤
Crying will not mend matters. 哭無濟(jì)于事。
The patient is mending nicely. 病人正在日益好轉(zhuǎn)。
It is never too late to mend. 改過不嫌晚。
聯(lián)想：
find one’s way out 找到出路
feel one’s way 摸索著前進(jìn)
fight one’s way 突破---而前進(jìn)
make one’s way （艱難）朝---走
force one’s way 擠出一條路
have one’s way 隨心所欲
push one’s way 擠過去
7. expression n.
1) 詞，詞組；措辭
The expression “in the family way” means “pregnant”.
詞組“in the family way”的意思是“懷孕”。
2) 表情
Petra looked at her plate with an expression of disgust.
彼得拉看著自己盤子里的食物，面露厭惡的表情。
3) 表達(dá)，表示
The minister gave expression to his anger in an attack on the government last night.
這位部長昨晚對政府進(jìn)行了攻擊，表達(dá)了他的憤怒。
4) 表露，展現(xiàn)
Tom’s potential artistic talents found their expression in music.
湯姆的藝術(shù)潛能在音樂中得以體現(xiàn)。
8. mean v.
1) 意欲，打算
mean to do sth
I’ve been meaning to phone you all the week.
整整一星期以來我一直打算給你打電話。
mean sb to do sth
Oh, no! I never meant her to read those comments.
真不應(yīng)該！我從來沒打算讓她看那些評論。
mean for sb to do sth
I didn’t mean for her to get hurt.
我并沒有讓她受到傷害的意思。
be meant to do sth 應(yīng)該做某事
I thought the police were meant to protect people.
我以為警察的職責(zé)就是保護(hù)人民。
2）意味著，意思是
What do you mean by that? 你那么說是什么意思？
I’m determined to solve this mystery even if it means traveling to New York myself.
我決心解開這個(gè)秘密，即使這意味著我要親自到紐約去一趟。
拓展：
mean adj. 卑鄙的，不善良的，吝嗇的
It was mean of you to eat all the food.
你把所有的食物都吃光了，你可太壞了。
Don’t be so mean to her. 不要對她如此刻薄！
He’s always been mean with his money. 他對錢總是很吝嗇。
9. dream n. & v. 夢想；夢，幻想
I had a strange dream last night。
昨晚我做一個(gè)奇怪的夢。
I sometimes dream of home.
我有時(shí)夢見自己的故鄉(xiāng)。
I dreamt about an old friend yesterday.
昨天晚上我夢見一位老朋友。
I never dreamed that I should see you here.
我從未想到會(huì)在這兒見到你。
拓展（同源賓語的用法）：
The little girl smiled a sweet smile when her teacher gave her apple.
當(dāng)老師給那個(gè)小女孩蘋果時(shí)，她甜甜地笑了。
Before graduation every student wants to dream a good dream.
畢業(yè)前每個(gè)學(xué)生都想做好夢。
After the war the people in this village live a peaceful life.
戰(zhàn)后村子里的人們過著平靜的生活。
The soldier died a glorious death for preventing the army leader being caught.
為阻止軍官被捉，士兵光榮死去。
The old man laughed a crazy laugh, which made everyone puzzled.
老人狂笑，令我們很吃驚。
10. refer to
1) 提到，談到
We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
我們一致同意永遠(yuǎn)一再提這件事。
Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.
盡管她沒有提到任何名字，但大家都知道她指的是誰。
2) 參考，查看，查閱
Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.
請?jiān)诓徊殚喸~典的情況下完成練習(xí)。
3) 涉及，關(guān)于
The figures in the left-hand column refer to our sales abroad.
左欄里的數(shù)字是關(guān)于我們海外銷售額。
4) 讓---去查詢，提交（某機(jī)構(gòu)或某人）作決定
Professor Watson referred me to an article she had written on the subject.
沃森教授要我去查閱她寫的一篇關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的文章。
11. passage n.
1) 過道，走廊
Mary’s room is just along the passage.
瑪麗的房間就在走廊的那一邊。
2) 通道，通路
We forced a passage through the crowd.
我們從人群中擠出一條通道。
3) 一段，一節(jié)
You will understand the whole text after reading the first passage.
讀了第一段之后，你就會(huì)理解整個(gè)課文了。
4) （法案的）通過
The bill was amended several times during its passage through the Congress.
那項(xiàng)法案在國會(huì)通過期間作過幾次修改。
5) 穿過；越過；經(jīng)過
The bridge isn’t strong enough to allow the passage of heavy vehicles.
那座橋不夠堅(jiān)固，無法承載重型車輛通過。
6) 時(shí)間的流逝
With the passage of time, things began to look more hopeful.
隨著時(shí)間的流逝，事情開始顯得更有希望了。
Part III Task/Project
【要點(diǎn)解析】
1. instruct v.
1)命令，指示
instruct sb to do sth
Our staff have been instructed to offer you every assistance.
我方工作人員奉命為您提供一切幫助。
as instructed 依照指示
We returned the questionnaire as instructed.
我們依照指示交回了調(diào)查表。
2)教授，指導(dǎo)
instruct sb in sth
Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.
需要更大的努力來教導(dǎo)孩子們的道路安全意識(shí)。
3)（正式）通知
instruct sb that
I want you to instruct them that they have to attend an important meeting to attend this afternoon.
我要你通知他們今天下午他們都得出席一個(gè)重要會(huì)議。
4)(法律)聘請（律師）出庭
Once you have decided to proceed with a case, you should instruct a good lawyer.
一旦你決定打官司，應(yīng)當(dāng)聘請一位好律師。
2. circumstance n.
1)情況，情形
I can’t imagine a circumstance in which I would be quarrelling with her.
我想象不出一種我會(huì)跟她吵架的情形。
2)under/in no circumstances 決不，無論如何都不
Under no circumstances are you to leave the house.
你無論如何都不得離開這所房子。
3)in/under the circumstances 在這種情況下，既然如此
The result was the best that could be expected under the circumstances.
在這種情況下，這是我們能期待的最好結(jié)果。
4)無法控制的因素，環(huán)境，境遇
Force of circumstance compelled us to leave. 形勢所迫， 我們不得不走。
3. suit
1) vt. 適合，相配
Will it suit you if I come around at three?
我三點(diǎn)來合適嗎?
That song doesn’t suit his voice.
這首歌不適合你的嗓子．
Your hairstyle doesn’t suit your face.
你的發(fā)型與你的臉型不相配．
2) n..（一）套，套裝
Today he is wearing a sports suit
今天他穿著一套運(yùn)動(dòng)服．
He looks very handsome in a suit of dark clothes.
穿一套深色西服，他看上去很瀟灑．
3) vt. suit oneself 隨某人的便
“I don’t really feel like going out tonight.” “Suit yourself.”
＂我今晚不是很想出去＂
＂隨你的便＂
4) be suited to 和……相配
These clothes aren’t really suited to a tropical climate.
這些衣服不適合于熱帶地區(qū)．
4. honour
1) n. 榮譽(yù)，光榮的事
For the French team, winning tomorrow’s game is a matter of national honour.
對法國隊(duì)來說，在明天的比賽中獲勝事關(guān)國家榮譽(yù)。
Earlier this year I had the honour of meeting the President and Mrs Bush.
今年早些時(shí)候，我有幸見到了布什總統(tǒng)和他的夫人。
2) n. 榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)，榮譽(yù)勛章
Churchill received many of his country’s highest honours.
邱吉爾曾獲得過很多由國家授予的最高榮譽(yù)勛章。
3) vi./vt. 感到榮幸；禮待（某人）
I felt deeply honoured to be playing against the former Wimbledon Champion.
能與溫布爾登網(wǎng)球的前冠軍球手比賽，我深感榮幸。
Our honoured guests this evening are the scientists from America.
我們今晚的貴賓是來自美國的科學(xué)家。
4) 給（某人）以榮譽(yù)
The government has honoured him many times for his great contributions to his motherland.
由于他對祖國的作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)，政府給予他很多榮譽(yù)。
詞組：
it is an honour to do sth. 很榮幸做某事
in honour of 為了表示對（某人）的崇敬
do the honours （在社交場合）盡主人之誼
honour a contract / agreement 履行合同/協(xié)議
5.possession n.
1) 所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)
I packed my remaining possessions into the trunk.
我把我剩下的財(cái)物裝進(jìn)了箱子里。
2) (正式)擁有，占有
The house has been in the family’s possession since the 1500s.
這所房子自16世紀(jì)以來一直歸這個(gè)家族所有。
be in one’s possession / have sth in one’s possession 擁有某物
come into one’s possession 為某人所得到，落入某人之手
take/have possession of sth 擁有某物，拿到某物
6. picture
n.
1) 畫，圖畫，照片
A picture of a waterfall hung on the wall.
一幅繪有瀑布的畫掛在墻上。
2) 描寫，描繪，描述
Archaeologists are trying to build up a picture of life in Mayan cities.
考古學(xué)家正努力再現(xiàn)瑪雅城市的生活。
3) 圖畫，畫面
Something is wrong with the TV-the picture is blurry.
這臺(tái)電視機(jī)出毛病了-圖像模糊不清。
4) 形象，印象
I still have a vivid picture of the first time I saw Paris.
我還清晰地記得我第一次見到巴黎時(shí)的情形。
v.
1) 想像，設(shè)想
Rob had pictured her as kind of serious, but she wasn’t like that at all.
羅布想像她有點(diǎn)嚴(yán)肅，但她根本不是那樣。
2) 拍攝，畫，繪
The billboard pictured a handsome, thirtyish man smoking a cigarette.
在這個(gè)廣告牌是一位30歲左右的英俊男子在抽煙的照片。
3) 描述，描繪
The situation is realistically pictured in the first chapter.
第一章真實(shí)地描繪了這一狀況。