王修潭 單小玲
1 civilization (un) 文明, 開化 (cn)特定時期或地區(qū)的文明
The civilization of mankind has taken thousands of years.
古巴比倫和埃及文明 ______________________________________________
civilize vt 使…..開化,文明
civilize a jungle tribe ___________________________
civilized adj 有禮貌的,文明的, 有道德的
有禮貌的社會,行為 _________________________
2 take over 奪取, 接管, 接任, 接替
她生病期間她的女兒接管生意. ______________________________________
I’m feeling too tired to drive any more, would you please take over for a while.
__________________________________________
常用詞組
take sth apart ___________ take sb away _____________
take sth away ___________ take sth back _____________
take sb back to ____________ take in _____________
take up ______________
3 erupt vi&vt (火山)爆發(fā), 突然發(fā)生
比賽后發(fā)生了暴力事件. __________________________________ ____
Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for many years. ____________________________
eruption n 火山爆發(fā), (比喻) 疾病,戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)
戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)______________________
4 bury vt (1)埋葬 (2) 埋藏, 掩蓋, 覆蓋
He was buried with his wife. __________________
莎士比亞葬于何處? ______________________________
Our dog buries its bone in the garden. ______________________________
你的信壓在一堆文件下面了. ______________________________
短語、 bury oneself in sth 專心致志于 隱居
每天晚上他都埋頭讀書.___________________________________________
他隱居到鄉(xiāng)下寫書. __________________________________
5 house vt 儲藏, 收藏, 給…. 提供住房
他將舊書收藏在閣樓上. __________________________________
政府給難民提供住處. ___________________________________
6 ruin vt 毀壞, 毀滅
暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了莊稼. ___________________________
You’re ruining that child. _________________________
(un) 毀滅, 滅亡 (cn) 廢墟, 殘垣斷壁
那個消息意味著我們所以的希望都破滅了. ______________________________
the ruins of Pompeii ____________________________
短語 in ruins 嚴(yán)重受損, 破敗不堪
他的生活很糟糕. ___________________________________
地震過后, 全城到處是殘垣斷壁. _____________________________________
7 condition (un)狀況,狀態(tài) (cn)環(huán)境,境況, 條件(表工作, 生活, 氣候條件常用復(fù)數(shù))
be in bad/ good/ excellent condition _______________________________
living/ housing/ working conditions _______________________________
He is out of condition. ____________________________
短語 on condition that 在… 條件下 倘若 連詞用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句
他們給我們提供資金, 條件是我們在六個月內(nèi)償還.
______________________________________________
你要穿上外衣才能出去. ______________________________________________
8 drive vt 迫使(某人生氣, 發(fā)瘋等)
drive + object+ adv/ prep
那噪音使我喪失理智 ______________________________
求生的欲望驅(qū)使他們繼續(xù)努力. _____________________________
drive + object +adj
痛苦使她幾乎發(fā)瘋 __________________________________
drive + object+ to do
貧困和饑餓逼得他們?nèi)ネ? ______________________________
9 destroy vt 毀壞;摧毀,指通過某種用力的或粗暴的手段使之毀滅或無用 ,一般不能或很難修復(fù)。
他破壞了我的希望。 ------------------------------------
ruin 強調(diào)毀滅的徹底性, 并且是一次性的行為。強調(diào)破壞的長期結(jié)果。
fall into ruin come / go to ruin lie in ruins the ruins of Yuanmingyuan
bring sb to ruin ruin one’s hopes
街道對面的房子已是一片廢墟。---------------------------------------
暴雨持續(xù)了五天,把所有的莊稼都?xì)У簟?----------------------------
damage 指對價值和功能的破壞, 多用于無生命的東西,一般可以修復(fù)
那座橋梁被洪水損壞了。----------------------------
An earthquake struck this area , ------------------ a lot of damage .
A making B causing C done D caused
10 remain VI 剩余;遺留;逗留( 沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài))
If you take away 3 from 8 , -------------------( 還剩5 )
我沒有在那個小鎮(zhèn)停留太久。I didn’t ------------------ in the town .
她一直站了一個小時。She -------------------- for an hour .
許多工作有待要做。--------------------------
我們?nèi)匀豢梢宰雠笥选?--------------------------------------
他們?nèi)匀回毟F不堪。---------------------------------------
11 concern
(1)關(guān)心,后常用反身代詞。concern oneself about / in / with
(2)惦記,焦慮,多用被動語態(tài)
我們都關(guān)心他們的安全。---------------------------------------
(3)相干,關(guān)聯(lián),多不用人稱代詞做主語。
這與你不相干。-------------------------------
有關(guān)詞組:as / so far as … be concerned ---------------------------
be concerned about -----------------
12 board
be on board +boat / ship / plane ----------------------------
get / come / go on board ----------------------------
be on the board -------------------------------
13 influence n. & v. 影響
固定搭配influence on / over sb / sth
influence on sb / sth
我用與老板的交情對事情做了有些改革。-------------------------------------------
他有錢有名氣,但這不會影響到我們的決定。
The fact ------------------------had --------------------------------------------------.
他的新朋友對他有良好的影響。-------------------------------------。
affect 一般指生理或物質(zhì)上的改變
influence 一般指感覺和態(tài)度上的改變
Honestly speaking , it is my teacher’s ---------- that made me finally take up my present career as a biology researcher .
A advantage B influence C taste D guard
14 return vi &vt 常用詞組:
return sth to sb ----------------------------- return to a place -----------------------
without return ------------------------ in return for ------------------------------
When his work was over , he -------------------------- his home .
A turned to B returned to C get back D returned
15 goods n. 商品;貨物。
無單數(shù)形式,不能用數(shù)詞或來修飾;做主語時,用復(fù)數(shù)動詞。
There are lots of good goods in the supermarket . -------------------------
Chinese goods available for export are varied . --------------------------
16 declare vt 宣布,宣稱( 后接名詞,從句或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) )
vi declare for / against 贊成 / 反對
They declared their independence from England .------------------------
她聲稱她再也不想見到他。----------------------------------------
我贊成他的觀點。------------------------------