紅頭發(fā)的人最怕疼趣味科研雙語(yǔ)美文
麻醉師在手術(shù)臺(tái)上看到風(fēng)情萬種的紅發(fā)女郎，不得不先問一句：“染過發(fā)嗎?”因?yàn)椋t頭發(fā)的人更怕疼。
Redheads may actually have another trait that makes them stand out--sensitivity to pain, specialists reported.
專家們說，紅頭發(fā)的人也許還有一個(gè)使他們卓然于群的特征——敏銳的痛感。
People with natural red hair need about 20 percent more anesthesia than people with other hair colors, they told a meeting of anesthesiologists. The unexpected finding not only suggests that redheads are more sensitive to pain, but offers insights into how anesthesia works in people.
他們?cè)谝淮温樽韺W(xué)專家會(huì)議上說，天然紅發(fā)的人需要的麻醉劑量要比其他發(fā)色的人多20%。這一意外發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅意味著紅頭發(fā)的人對(duì)痛楚更敏感，而且讓人們對(duì)麻醉劑對(duì)人的.作用有了更多的了解。
"Red hair is the first visible human trait, or phenotype, that is linked to anesthetic requirement," Dr. Edwin Liem of the University of Louisville in Kentucky said in a statement. "In a nutshell(簡(jiǎn)單地說，簡(jiǎn)而言之), redheads are likely to experience more pain from a given stimulus and therefore require more anesthesia to alleviate that pain." Liem said the finding is important news for specialists who monitor patients during surgery. "The art and science of anesthesiology is choosing the right dose," he said. "There is very little difference between the effective dose and the toxic dose of most anesthetics. Patients can awaken during surgery if they are given insufficient anesthesia or suffer cardiac and pulmonary complications when they are given too much."
“紅發(fā)是第一個(gè)與麻醉劑量發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)的可見人體特性或稱顯型，”肯塔基州路易斯維爾大學(xué)的埃德溫·列姆博士在報(bào)告中說。“簡(jiǎn)單地說，在給定的刺激條件下，紅頭發(fā)的人會(huì)有更強(qiáng)的痛感，因此需要更多的麻醉劑來減輕痛苦。”列姆認(rèn)為這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)在手術(shù)過程中監(jiān)控患者狀況的�？漆t(yī)生來說十分重要�！奥樽韺W(xué)的奧妙在于選擇合適的劑量，”他說�！按蠖鄶�(shù)麻醉劑的有效劑量和中毒劑量之間只有細(xì)微的差別。如果劑量不足，患者會(huì)在手術(shù)過程中醒來，而過多的麻醉劑會(huì)引起心肺并發(fā)癥�！�
Scientists do not fully understand how anesthesia works, but the findings offers clues, as people with red hair have a certain genetic variant.
科學(xué)家們還不完全了解麻醉劑的作用機(jī)理，而這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為此提供了線索，因?yàn)榧t頭發(fā)的人具有一種特定的遺傳性變型。
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