入學(xué)考試基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)試題及答案參考
考生注意：所有答題務(wù)必寫在考場(chǎng)提供的答題紙上，寫在本試題單上的答題一律無(wú)效（本題單不參與閱卷）。
I.Vocabulary and Structure(40points,1*40)
Part 1
Directions: Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter.
1. “The giant was bit” is a tautological statement, to say the least.
A. tight B. redundant C. illogical D. relative
2. There is an embargo on any more video games coming into the house.
A. landing place B. prohibition C. violation D. permission
3. Youngsters are usually more impetuous than old people.
A. impatient B. immature C. impulsive D. imperial
4. Unfortunately, I’ll spend the weekend doing a bunch of prosaic chores.
A .dull B. practical C. trivial D. rhyming
5. The crowd at the town meeting found the mayor’s assurance too glib.
A. sarcastic B. flashy C. malicious D. readily fluent
6. Gazing at the crystalline lake, I decided it was too beautiful to swim in.
A. breakable B. futuristic C. delicate D. sparkling
7. We cannot vacillate on the question of the party’s leadership.
A. lead B. doubt C. check D. repeat
8. It is more difficult for a chronic smoker to give up the habit than for a novice, but it can be done.
A. affluent B. confirmed C. disciplined D. indecisive
9. They were furious when one of their best managers was poached by another company
A. headhunted B. punched C. plundered D. probed
10. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were unreadable.
A. indelible B. inscrutable C. illegible D. illegitimate
11. She bristled at the suggestion that she had been dishonest.
A. bridled B. bridged C. breathed D. boasted
12. Investors should study a prospectus before putting money into a big company.
A. positive outlook B. banking agreement C. profit-and-loss statement D. formal business document
13 .The real hero is never ostentatious.
A. frivolous B. pretentious C. presumptuous D. ponderous
14. If you have never held a driving license before, you should apply for a provisional license.
A. providential B. temporary C. provincial D. improvised
15. John Smith is a voracious book collector.
A. vicious B. luxurious C. insatiable D. valuable
16. I don’t think we should make precipitate decisions.
A .precipitous B. precocious C. precarious D. precautious
17. You need an excursion to break the monotony.
A. gaunt B.jaunt C. vaunt D. taunt
18. The government appears in a quandary about what to do with so many people.
A. border B. marshy ground C. dilemma D. situation
19. It was an auspicious beginning to her career as an author.
A. unexpected B. interesting C. favorable D. doubtful
20. The governor was usually circumspect when dealing with the media.
A. skilled B. cautious C. impatient D. obedient
Part 2
Directions: Choose one from the four alternatives that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter.
21. The children were having a wonderful time _____ on the frozen lake.
A. slipping B. slithering C. skidding D. sliding
22. The campers ______ their tent in a sheltered valley.
A. established B. installed C. pitched D. fixed
23. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning. Whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on _____.
A. response B. impulse C. instinct D. consciousness
24. The cultural traditions of the invaders slowly ______ the practices of the island dwellers.
A .spread B. perpetuated C. permeated D. reinforced
25. He had always had a good opinion of himself, but after the publication of his bestselling novel he became unbearable _____.
A. bigoted B. proud C. conceited D. exaggerated
26. This is the _____ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.
A. actual B. real C. original D. genuine
27. Although ____, new deposits of oil will be found, sooner or later, the world’s supply will be exhausted.
A. in all likelihood B. in all possibility C. in all circumstances D. in all conditions
28. I should like to rent a house, comfortable and ___ in a quiet position.
A. before all B. above all C. first of all D. over all
29. He came to inspect the house ___ buying it.
A. in the event of B. with a view to C. in case of D. with regard to
30. Let’s not ____ over such a trifle!
A. fall through B. fall off C. fall out D. fall back
31. He is a clever mimic who can take ____ most of the lectures in this college.
A. over B. down C. off D. for
32. He tried for forgery in a law court but was lucky enough to _____ .
A. get on B. get off C. get through D. get out
33. The captain turned ____ early that night, not realizing that the icebergs were so close
A. in B. down C. into D. off
34. You promised you would do it. Why did you go ____ on your word?
A. back B. away C. over D. by
35. The numerals have become, _____, his friends, and he knows all their relations and acquaintances.
A. as it is B. as it was C. as it were D. as they are
36. A safety analysis _____ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.
A. would identify B. will identify C. would have identified D. will have identified
37. Jennifer took this opportunity to repay her friends for their kindness ____, she would have had to entertain them in her small apartment in Charlotte town.
A. Otherwise B. However C. But D. Nevertheless
38. The window is never opened ____ in summer.
A. but B. except C. when D. while
39. Generally, prompt cooling and proper refrigeration of foods can hold ____ bacteria in foods to a safe level.
A. a number of B. the number of C. an amount of D. a quantity of
40. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that is ____ in religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed
II. Error spotting (20points, 1*20)
Directions: Decide which underlined part is incorrect and mark the corresponding letter.
41. The process depends, however, upon the drawer, cupboard and storage space being provided,
A B
for the lack of which some thing may literally have no place to go .
C D
42. Immediately after I put my head on it, I got to understand that translation wasn’t as mechanical a job as
A B C
I had held it to be.
D
43. Living in a remote country village, many forms of entertainment are in accessible to us.
A B C D
44. Thousands of people died even though there was a worldwide effort to send food and medicine to the starved
A B C D
people.
45. The government deems it essential that people are psychologically able to resist the impact brought about
A B C
by the transition from planned economy to market-oriented economy.
D
46. At seeing him, I couldn’t resist laughing because his suit hung loosely, as if tailored for someone twice his
A B C D
size.
47. What is often stressed in most of the literature, an objective of Women Lib is to do away with unfair
A B C
discrimination against women.
D
48. If ambition is to be well regarded, the reward of ambition----wealth, distinction, control over A B
one’s destiny ----- must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.
C D
49. Mr. Smith regretted to blame his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.
A B C D
50. Nowhere but in Europe we have seen the results so clearly, which really have surprised us all.
A B C D
51. The parent as teacher-counselor acts in accord with the developmental model of child rearing, by which
A B
the child is viewed as an extremely plastic organism with virtually unlimited potential for growth and
C D
development.
52. For every patient with AIDS, it is estimated that there are 10 times as many as ARC, or AIDS-Related
A
Complex, a precursor to the fullblown disease, and 50 times as many who already
B C
have been infected with the agent human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV.
D
53. If only the nature of the aging process is better understood the possibility of discovering a medicine that can
A B C
block the fundamental process of aging seems very remote.
D
54.As far as the great demand for means of transport is concerned, we can develop mass transit to
A B C
take place of private cars.
D
55. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files,
A B
and program computers to locate specific in formation.
C D
56. Once an occupation came to be received to be “female”, employers showed little interest in changing
A B
that perception, even when higher profits were expected to be gained.
C D
57. It is inevitable that the natural resources throughout the world are diminished as the demand for them is
A B C
on the increase.
D
58. The men who wrote the United States Constitution did the best they could on the face of circumstances
A B C
which confronted them at the time.
D
59.I am sure one of the main reasons why boys and girls are such good companions today is that they are no
A B
longer afraid of showing their feeling towards each other.
C D
60.The data received from the two spacecrafts whirling around Mars indicate that there is much evidence that
A B C
huge thunderstorms are occurring about the equator of the planet.
D
III. Cloze (10 points, 1*10)
Directions: Fill in each underlined space with one word that best suits the context of the following passage.
Today it is out of fashion to speak in ___61______ of characters. But there is no more essential aspect of any person.
Character is made up of those principles and values that give your __62___ direction, meaning and depth. These constitute your inner sense of ___63_____ is right and wrong based not on laws or rules of conduct ___64____ on who you are. They include ___65____ traits as integrity, honesty, courage, fairness and generosity ------ which arise ___66______ the hard choice we have to _67___ in life. So wrong is simply in doing wrong, not in getting caught.
___68____ some people wonder if our inner values __69_____ anymore. After all, hasn’t our noted bank executive succeeded in every visible way ___70____ his transgressions( 錯(cuò)誤，過(guò)失)。
VI. Translation from Chinese into English (30 points)
在找工作的過(guò)程中，有面試，就有曙光。面試的成功與否，除了面試官如何看你的條件及個(gè)人素質(zhì)外，主要取決于他們?nèi)绾卧u(píng)價(jià)你在面試中總的表現(xiàn)，因此，有必要把它當(dāng)作一場(chǎng)演出或比賽來(lái)看待，其目的是向面試官推銷自己，讓他們感到你是干這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。
大多數(shù)人在面試中處于被動(dòng)地位，竭盡全力回答提出的任何問(wèn)題。一種更好的方法是控制局面，給面試官提供你想給他們的信息，而不是他們想從你這兒發(fā)現(xiàn)的信息：使他們有信心，絕對(duì)相信你是能勝任這項(xiàng)工作的人選，讓他們幾乎沒(méi)有理由相信你不能勝任。信心不僅僅來(lái)自你作出的回答，也產(chǎn)生于你的外表以及你表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的熱情、精力、自信、個(gè)人品質(zhì)和雄心壯志。
大多數(shù)面試者沒(méi)能得到工作的主要原因就是他們沒(méi)能使面試官對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生信心。他們敗下陣來(lái)并非是他們不能勝任這項(xiàng)工作，而是他們對(duì)自己能勝任工作的自信沒(méi)能在面試中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。他們的自我推銷做得還不夠。大多數(shù)人之所以這樣是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诿嬖嚂r(shí)很緊張，如果每次面試后都沒(méi)有得到工作，不少人覺(jué)得自己是失敗者并變的更為焦慮。這是不實(shí)際的。大多數(shù)面試者都將被拘之門外。不要想自己是否會(huì)得到這份工作。只需專心參加面試，并竭盡所能，工作自然就會(huì)有著落了。
V. Translation from English into Chinese. (30 points)
It used to be said that English people take their pleasures sadly. No doubt this would still be true if they had any pleasures to take, but the price of alcohol and tobacco in my country has provided sufficient external causes for melancholy. I have sometimes thought that the habit of taking pleasures sadly has crossed the Atlantic, and I have wondered what it is that makes so many English – speaking people somber in their outlook in spite of good health and a good income.
In the course of my travels in America I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremely common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. Most social reformers have held the opinion that, if poverty were abolished and there were no more economic insecurity, the millennium would have arrived. But when I look at the faces of people in opulent cars, whether in your country or in mine. I do not see that look of radiant happiness which the aforesaid social reformers had led me to expect. In nine cases out of ten. I see instead a look of boredom and discontent and an almost frantic longing for something that might tickle the jaded (膩煩的)palate.
But it is not only the very rich who suffer in this way. Professional men very frequently feel hopelessly thwarted. There is something that they long to do or some public object that they long to work for. But if they were to indulge their wishes in these respects, they fear that they would lose their livelihood. Their wives are equally unsatisfied, for their neighbor, Mrs. So-and-So, has gone ahead more quickly, has a better car , a larger apartment and grander friends.
Life for almost everybody is a long competitive struggle where very few can win the race and those who do not win are unhappy. On social occasions when it is de rigueur(按照禮節(jié)時(shí)尚所要求的)to seem cheerful the necessary demeanor is stimulated by alcohol. But the gaiety does not ring true and anybody who had just one drink too many is apt to lapse into lachrymose (淚流滿面的) melancholy.
One finds this sort of thing only among English speaking people. A Frenchman while he is abusing Government is as gay as a lark. So is an Italian while he is telling how his neighbor has swindled him. Mexicans, when they are not actually starving or actually being murdered, sing and dance and enjoy sunshine and food and drink with a gusto which is very rare north of the Mexican frontier. When Andrew Jackson conquered Pensacola from the Spaniards, his wife looked out of the widow and saw the population enjoying itself although it was Sunday. She pointed out the scandal to her husband, who decreed that cheerfulness must cease forthwith and it did.
When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other. The one that goes least deep is the necessity for subservience (服從)in some large organization. If you are an energetic man with strong views as to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariably under the orders of some man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical. Whenever you have bright idea, the boss puts a stopper on it. The more energetic you are and the more vision you have, the more you will suffer from the impossibility of doing any of the things that you feel ought to be done. When you go home and moan to your wife, she tells you that you are a silly fellow and that if you became the proper sort of yes-man your income would soon be doubled. If you try divorce and remarriage it is very unlikely that there will be any change in this respect. And so you are condemned to gastric ulcers (胃潰瘍) and premature old age.
VI. Writing (20 points)
Directions: Write an expository composition of no less than 200 words on the topic
“My View on a Balanced Personal Development”
I． Vocabulary and Structure(40points,1*40)
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D
11.A 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.B
21.D 22.D 23.C 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.D
31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.C 37.A 38.A 39.B 40.C
II. Error spotting
41.D 42.D 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.D 47.B 48.C 49.B 50.B
51.D 52.D 53.C 54.D 55.D 56.D 57.C 58.D 59.D 60.D
III. Cloze (10 points, 1*10
61. terms 62.any 63.what 64.but 65.such 66.from 67.face
68.therefore 69. account 70.
VI. Translation from Chinese into English (30 points)
In the process of finding a job, where there is an interview, there is
hope. Whether you succeed or not depends not only on how the interviewers
look at your qualifications and you personal qualities, mainly depend on
how they evaluate your performance in interviews, therefore, it’s
necessary to retreat it as an performance or a contest with the aim to
market yourself to the interviewers and make them feel that you are the
best to do the job.
Most interviewees are in the positive position and try their best to answer
all the questions in the interviews. One better way is to control the
situation and provide the information that you want to offer, but not the
information that they want to find from you: to make them have confidence
and absolutely believe that you are the best choice and to make them almost
have no reason to believe you can’t do it. Confidence not only comes from
your answers, also from your appearance and your enthusiasm, energy,
confidence, personal quality and ambition.
The main reason that most interviewees can’t get the job is that they can’
t make the interviewers become confident in them. They failed not because
they can’t do the job well, but because they didn’t show their confidence
during the interview. They didn’t do self-marketing well. Most people do
so because they are nervous, if they can’t get the job after each
interview, many people will feel that they are loser and become more
anxious. It is not practical. Most interviewers will be refused. Don’t
think whether you can get the job or not. You only need to concentrate on
interview and try your best, you naturally can get the job.
V . Translation from English into Chinese. (30 points)
過(guò)去人們常說(shuō)，英國(guó)人傷心地玩耍。如果他們有事情要取悅，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)這仍是事實(shí)，但是，在我們 國(guó)家，煙酒的價(jià)格為憂郁提供了充足的外部理由。有時(shí)，我想憂郁的消遣習(xí)慣風(fēng)靡大西洋， 而且我也想過(guò)什么使得說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人們看上去如此憂郁，盡管他們擁有健康的身體和滿意的收入。
在美國(guó)旅行的`過(guò)程中，一種基本的抑郁給我留下了深刻的印象，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，它極其普通，但給社會(huì)改革家?guī)?lái)了難題。大多數(shù)社會(huì)改革家認(rèn)為，如果消除貧困，就不會(huì)有更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)不安全性，會(huì)變成百萬(wàn)富翁。但是，不論在你們國(guó)家還是我的國(guó)家，當(dāng)我看著乘坐豪華轎車人們的面容時(shí)，我從未看過(guò)前面提到的社會(huì)改革家讓我期望的燦爛幸福的面容，相反，十之八九我所看到的無(wú)精打采、毫不滿意的表情，以及對(duì)一些可能產(chǎn)生膩煩的事物的近乎癡迷的追求。
但是，不僅僅富人遭受這種痛苦。專業(yè)人士經(jīng)常感覺(jué)到無(wú)望的受挫。有一些他們渴望要做的事情，或一些他們渴望完成的公益目標(biāo)。但是，如果他們把希望放在這些方面，他們害怕失去生活。他們的妻子也同樣地令人不滿意，對(duì)他們的鄰居來(lái)說(shuō)，某某先生和某某發(fā)展地很快，有更好的車，更大的房子和更重要的朋友。
對(duì)于幾乎每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，生活是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的斗爭(zhēng)，在這過(guò)程中，很少有人能獲勝，并且失敗的人是不幸福的。在一些社交場(chǎng)合，當(dāng)按照禮節(jié)時(shí)尚所要求的似乎歡笑的時(shí)候，必要的風(fēng)度是由酒精刺激的。但這種歡喜不是真實(shí)的，喝太多酒的人容易陷入淚流滿面的憂郁中。人們僅在以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人群中發(fā)現(xiàn)這種事情。一個(gè)法國(guó)人當(dāng)他是一個(gè)公共汽車公司的一員，會(huì)像云雀一樣的快樂(lè)。當(dāng)印度人告訴他的鄰居是如何欺詐他時(shí)，也是如此。當(dāng)墨西哥人實(shí)際上沒(méi)被餓死或謀殺時(shí)，他們會(huì)歡歌跳舞，沐浴陽(yáng)光，品嘗食物和美酒，使用一種墨西哥邊疆北部罕見(jiàn)的酒器。當(dāng)Andrew Jackson 從西班牙人那里搶奪Pensacola時(shí)，他妻子透過(guò)窗子看去，盡管是周末，看到人們?cè)跉g喜雀躍。他向丈夫指出了丑聞，他
丈夫立即下令停止歡呼。并且他成功了.當(dāng)我試圖弄清什么使得如此多的美國(guó)人不象期望的那樣幸福時(shí)，對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，似乎存在兩種原因，其中一個(gè)更加深刻。淺層的原因是在一些大機(jī)構(gòu)中服從的必要性。如果你是一個(gè)精力充沛且具有強(qiáng)烈目標(biāo)的人，并且以正確的方法做你的工作，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己同樣地受到高層像我一樣年老、疲憊人的指使。不論何時(shí)你產(chǎn)生美好的想法，老板都會(huì)阻止他。你精力越充沛，你的視野會(huì)更遠(yuǎn)。你越會(huì)遭受到不可能做你感覺(jué)到應(yīng)當(dāng)完成的事情。當(dāng)你回到家對(duì)妻子呻吟時(shí)，她告訴你你是一個(gè)愚蠢的人，如果你是一個(gè)真正的人，
你的收入很快會(huì)翻番。如果你離婚而后再婚，生活不可能會(huì)有任何變化。你會(huì)得胃潰瘍并且會(huì)未老先衰.
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