have的的用法
助動(dòng)詞have以及它的變體has, had等的主要用法如下：
1. have +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：
He has left for Japan. 他已去了日本。
We’ve just done the washing-up. 我們剛洗完碗碟。
Poor Jim has just had an accident. 可憐的吉姆剛出了個(gè)事故。
I have had this car for three years. 這輛汽車(chē)我已用了3年了。
By the end of last month, they had finished the work. 上月未他們就已經(jīng)完成了工作。
2. have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：
I have been studying English for 8 years. 我學(xué)英語(yǔ)已達(dá)八年了。
The children have been having a lot of run. 孩子們一直玩得很開(kāi)心。
We had been doing business with each other for years before we quarreled. 在吵翻之前，我們多年來(lái)在業(yè)務(wù)上一直來(lái)往。
By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. 到明年這時(shí)候，我們的業(yè)務(wù)住來(lái)就滿20年了。
I woke up—I had been having a bad dream. 我醒了，我做了個(gè)噩夢(mèng)。
3. have+been +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：
English has been taught in China for many years. 中國(guó)教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)多年。
I have been made redundant, so I’m going abroad. 我被定成了超編人員，所以我打算出國(guó)。
Thousands of pounds have been spent on the new hospital. 這家新醫(yī)院花費(fèi)了數(shù)千英鎊。
None of my friends have been invited to the party. 我的朋友中沒(méi)有一個(gè)被邀參加晚會(huì)。
All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 為了轉(zhuǎn)變他的想法，所有的辦法都用過(guò)了
have和has的用法區(qū)分
have 是動(dòng)詞原形i have,we have,you have,they have,to have...
has 是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用 he has,she has,it has
have用于第一人稱(I,we),第二人稱(you),及第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)(they);has用于第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)或單數(shù)名詞.
have/has的句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.否定句
主語(yǔ)+don't (doesn't)+have +….例：
We don't have any water here.我們這兒沒(méi)有水.
This wall doesn't have a window in it.這面墻上沒(méi)有一個(gè)窗戶.
2.一般疑問(wèn)句：
Do (Does)+主語(yǔ)+have+…?
肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+do (does).
否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+don't (doesn't).例：
—Do you have a ruler?你有尺子嗎?
—Yes,I do ./No,I don't.是的,我有./不,我沒(méi)有.
—Does Lucy have a twin sister?露茜有個(gè)孿生姐姐嗎?
—Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.是的,有./不,沒(méi)有.
注意：do,does是助動(dòng)詞,do用于第一、二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù);does用于第三人稱單數(shù)形式.回答一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),主語(yǔ)用人稱代詞表示;否定回答中don't或doesn't 一般不分開(kāi)寫(xiě).
注意：have (has)表示“有”時(shí),一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).
另外,在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,當(dāng)“有”講時(shí),have/has的一般疑問(wèn)句可以把have/has直接提前,當(dāng)have/has作助詞時(shí)表示完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)也可以直接提前.例：
They have a book.Have they a book?
3.“have”與“there be句型”的區(qū)別
have意為“有”,指所屬關(guān)系;there be表示“某地有某物”,意指“存在”.例：
There's a book on the desk.桌子上有本書(shū).
Xiao Wang has an English-Chinese dictionary.小王有本英漢字典.
have/has的用法口訣動(dòng)詞
have表示“有”，
位置就在主語(yǔ)后。
“三單”主語(yǔ)用has，
其他人稱用have。
一般問(wèn)句句首do/does添。
否定句子也一樣，
don’t /doesn’t主語(yǔ)后面站。
1.A dog has four legs.
2.Our school has a library.
3.We have 37 chairs in our classroom.
4.My sister has a nice toy car.
5.Does that girl have a doll?
have的的用法例句
1 Alex has already gone
亞歷克斯已經(jīng)走了。
2 When I met her, she had just returned from a job interview
我遇見(jiàn)她時(shí)，她剛參加完一場(chǎng)求職面試回來(lái)。
3 You haven't sent her away, have you?
你還沒(méi)有把她送走，是嗎?
4 He arrived in San Francisco, having left New Jersey on January 19th
1月19日離開(kāi)新澤西后，他到了舊金山。
5 I went out and had a walk around
我出去在周?chē)⒘艘粫?huì)兒步。
使役動(dòng)詞have的用法
一. have sb do sth
此結(jié)構(gòu)意為“讓/請(qǐng)某人做某事”，賓語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)所表示動(dòng)作的`執(zhí)行者，但賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作卻發(fā)生在have動(dòng)作之后，即賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作在當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生。例如：
The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵們讓這男孩背對(duì)他父親站著。
The teacher had us hand in our homework on time.
老師讓我們按時(shí)交作業(yè)。
We had Alice attend that meeting with him.
我們讓艾麗斯與他一起參加了那個(gè)會(huì)議。
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)用于否定句中時(shí)，常含“不能容忍、不允許”之意。例如：
I won”t have you say such things.
我可不允許你說(shuō)這樣的話。
We”ll never have such things happen again.
我們決不允許類似的事情再次發(fā)生。
二. have sb / sth doing sth
在have sb / sth doing sth中，doing sth為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);sb / sth與doing之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。有以下兩種主要用法：
1. 多表示“讓某人/某物處于做某事的狀態(tài)”，此時(shí)have也可由keep來(lái)代替。例如：
His parents had him staying at home all the time.
他父母親讓他一直呆在家里。
The night before the procession, the two cheats had their lights burning all night long.
在舉行游行的前一天夜里，那兩個(gè)騙子讓燈整夜亮著。
We have never had women working in this part of our company before.
我們以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有讓女性在公司的這個(gè)部門(mén)工作過(guò)。
2. won”t / can”t have sb / sth doing sth含“不允許或禁止”之意，通常可由not allow / not permit / forbid + sb / sth +to do替換。例如：
I can”t have you catching cold. Run and change your wet clothing.
我不能讓你感冒了�？烊グ褲褚路䲟Q掉。
George, I won”t have you shouting at me that way!
喬治，我不允許你那樣對(duì)我大吵大叫。
We can”t have them forcing their views on everyone else.
我們不容許他們把自己的觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加于其他所有的人。
三. have sth done
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有著邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般由及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一般有以下三種不同的意思：
1. 表示“請(qǐng)/讓/叫別人(為自己)做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的意志。例如：
To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up.
為御敵于國(guó)門(mén)之外，秦始皇令人將所有的邊墻連成一體。
Mr Howe wants to have his washing machine repaired.
豪先生想請(qǐng)人為他修理洗衣機(jī)。
Mrs Smith had two of her teeth taken out last week.
上個(gè)星期史密斯夫人請(qǐng)人拔掉她的兩顆壞牙。
2. 表示“遭遇某種不幸的事情”，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)遭遇的是一種意外的事故，并不著重說(shuō)明“是誰(shuí)使他遭遇這種災(zāi)難”。例如：
I had my wallet stolen on my way home last Monday.
上星期一我在回家的路上，錢(qián)包被(人)偷了。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken by the noise of jet planes passing overhead.
機(jī)場(chǎng)附近房屋的窗戶有時(shí)被上空掠過(guò)的噴氣式飛機(jī)的響聲震破。
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machines.
在一些產(chǎn)業(yè)中，工人的聽(tīng)力常被機(jī)器噪音所損害。
3. 表示“使完成某事”。強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的結(jié)果，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。此事可以是別人完成的，也可以是自己參與完成的。例如：
We must have the work finished before the hurricane comes.
我們必須在颶風(fēng)到來(lái)之前完成這項(xiàng)工作。(“我們”可能參加這項(xiàng)工作，也可能沒(méi)參加。)
She told me she had her house repaired.
她告訴我她的房屋修好了。(“她”可能參加了修理工作，也可能沒(méi)有參加。)
The nurse will have your temperature taken.
護(hù)士要量你的體溫。(主語(yǔ)The nurse參與完成。)
I have your medicine prepared now.
我已經(jīng)把你的藥準(zhǔn)備好了。(主語(yǔ)I可能參與完成。)
四. have+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)
此結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語(yǔ)“讓某物或某事處于某種狀態(tài)，或使某人到某處”。用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)常含有動(dòng)向意義。因此，賓語(yǔ)(人或物)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間也存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如：
It is too hot, so you must have all the windows open.
天氣太熱，你們得讓所有的窗戶都開(kāi)著。
It”s sunny today. You”d better have your flowers out.
今天天氣晴朗，你最好把你的花搬到外面去。
Tom is ill. So his mother has him to the doctor”s.
湯姆病了，因此他媽媽讓他去看病。
He looked very fat because he had cushions under his robe.
他看起來(lái)非常胖;因?yàn)樗麑④泬|子塞進(jìn)了袍子里面