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安徒生童話故事第37篇：牧羊女和掃煙囪的人
故事在現(xiàn)實(shí)認(rèn)知觀的基礎(chǔ)上，對其描寫成非常態(tài)性現(xiàn)象。是文學(xué)體裁的一種，側(cè)重于事件發(fā)展過程的描述。下面是小編精心整理的安徒生童話故事第37篇：牧羊女和掃煙囪的人，歡迎大家分享。
你曾經(jīng)看到過一個(gè)老木碗柜沒有?它老得有些發(fā)黑了。它上面刻著許多蔓藤花紋和葉子。客廳里正立著這么一個(gè)碗柜。它是從曾祖母繼承下來的;它從上到下都刻滿了玫瑰和郁金香。它上面有許多奇奇怪怪的蔓藤花紋，在這些花紋中間露出一只小雄鹿的頭，頭上有許多花角。在碗柜的中央雕刻了一個(gè)人的全身像。他看起來的確有些好笑，他露出牙齒——你不能認(rèn)為這就是笑。他生有公羊的腿，額上長出一些小角，而且留了一把長胡須。
房間里的孩子們總是把他叫做“公山羊腿——中將和少將——作戰(zhàn)司令——中士”。這是一個(gè)很難念的名字，而得到這種頭銜的人也并不多。不過把他雕刻出來倒也是一件不太輕松的工作。
他現(xiàn)在就立在那兒!他老是瞧著鏡子下面的那張桌子，因?yàn)樽雷由嫌幸粋�(gè)可愛的瓷做的小牧羊女。她穿著一雙鍍了金的鞋子;她的長衣服用一朵紅玫瑰扎起來，顯得很入時(shí)。她還有一頂金帽子和一根木杖。她真是動人!
緊靠近她的身旁，立著一個(gè)小小的掃煙囪的人。他像炭一樣黑，但是也是瓷做的。他的干凈和整齊賽得過任何人。他是一個(gè)“掃煙囪的人”——這只不過是一個(gè)假設(shè)而已。做瓷器的人也可能把他捏成一個(gè)王子。如果他們有這種心情的話!
他拿著梯子，站在那兒怪瀟灑的。他的面孔有點(diǎn)兒發(fā)白，又有點(diǎn)兒發(fā)紅，很像一個(gè)姑娘。這的確要算是一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗麘?yīng)該有點(diǎn)發(fā)黑才對。他站得離牧羊女非常近;他們兩人是被安放在這樣的一個(gè)地位上的。但是他們現(xiàn)在既然處在這個(gè)地位上，他們就訂婚了。他們配得很好。兩個(gè)人都很年輕，都是用同樣的瓷做的，而且也是同樣的脆弱。
緊貼近他們有另一個(gè)人物。這人的身材比他們大三倍。他是一個(gè)年老的中國人。他會點(diǎn)頭。他也是瓷做的;他說他是小牧羊女的祖父，不過他卻提不出證明。他堅(jiān)持說他有權(quán)管她，因此就對那位向小牧羊女求婚的“公山羊腿——中將和少將——作戰(zhàn)司令——中士”點(diǎn)過頭。
“現(xiàn)在你可以有一個(gè)丈夫了!”年老的中國人說，“這人我相信是桃花心木做的。他可以使你成為一位‘公山羊腿——中將和少將——作戰(zhàn)司令——中士’夫人。他除了有許多秘藏的東西以外，還有整整一碗柜的銀盤子�！�
“我不愿意到那個(gè)黑暗的碗柜里去!”小牧羊女說�！拔衣犝f過，他在那兒藏有11個(gè)瓷姨太太�！�
“那么你就可以成為第12個(gè)呀，”中國人說�！敖裉焱砩�，當(dāng)那個(gè)老碗柜開始嘎嘎地響起來的時(shí)候，你就算是結(jié)婚了，一點(diǎn)也不差，正如我是一個(gè)中國人一樣!”于是他就點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，睡去了。
不過小牧羊女雙眼望著她最心愛的瓷制的掃煙囪的人兒，哭起來了。
“我要懇求你，”她說，“我要懇求你帶著我到外面廣大的世界里去。在這兒我是不會感到快樂的�！�
她的愛人安慰著她，同時(shí)教她怎樣把小腳踏著雕花的桌角和貼金的葉子，沿著桌腿爬下來。他還把他的梯子也拿來幫助她。不一會兒，他們就走到地上來了。不過當(dāng)他們抬頭來瞧瞧那個(gè)老碗柜時(shí)，卻聽到里面起了一陣大的騷動聲;所有的雕鹿都伸出頭來，翹起花角，同時(shí)把脖子掉過來�！肮窖蛲取袑⒑蜕賹ⅰ鲬�(zhàn)司令——中士”向空中暴跳，同時(shí)喊著對面的那個(gè)年老的中國人，說：
“他們現(xiàn)在私奔了!他們現(xiàn)在私奔了!”
他們有點(diǎn)害怕起來，所以就急忙跳到窗臺下面的一個(gè)抽屜里去了。
這兒有三四副不完整的撲克牌，還有一座小小的木偶劇場——總算在可能的條件下搭得還像個(gè)樣子。戲正在上演，所有的女士們——方塊、梅花、紅桃和黑桃①都坐在前一排揮動著郁金香做的扇子。所有的“賈克”都站在她們后面，表示他們上下都有一個(gè)頭，正如在普通的撲克牌中一樣。這出戲描寫兩個(gè)年輕人沒有辦法結(jié)成夫婦。小牧羊女哭起來，因?yàn)檫@跟她自己的身世有相似之處。
“我看不下去了，”她說�！拔曳亲叱鲞@個(gè)抽屜不可!”
不過當(dāng)他們來到地上、朝桌上看一下的時(shí)候，那個(gè)年老的中國人已經(jīng)醒了，而且全身在發(fā)抖——因?yàn)樗虏渴且粋�(gè)整塊。
“老中國人走來了!”小牧羊女尖叫一聲。她的瓷做的膝頭彎到地上，因?yàn)樗悄敲吹伢@惶。
“我想到一個(gè)辦法，”掃煙囪的人說。“我們鉆到墻腳邊的那個(gè)大混合花瓶②里去好不好?我們可以躺在玫瑰花和薰衣草里面。如果他找來的話，我們就撒一把鹽到他的眼睛里去�！�
“那不會有什么用處，”她說。“而且我知道老中國人曾經(jīng)跟混合花瓶訂過婚。他們既然有過這樣一段關(guān)系，他們之間總會存在著某種感情的。不成，現(xiàn)在我們沒有其他的辦法，只有逃到外面廣大的世界里去了。”
“你真的有勇氣跟我一塊兒跑到外邊廣大的世界里去么?”掃煙囪的人問。“你可曾想過外邊的世界有多大，我們一去就不能再回到這兒來嗎?”
“我想過。”她回答說。
掃煙囪的人直瞪瞪地望著她，于是他說：
“我的道路是通過煙囪。你真的有勇氣跟我一起爬進(jìn)爐子、鉆出爐身和通風(fēng)管嗎?只有這樣，我們才能走進(jìn)煙囪。到了那里，我就知道怎樣辦了。我們可以爬得很高，他們怎樣也追不到我們。在那頂上有一個(gè)洞口通到外面的那個(gè)廣大世界�！�
于是他就領(lǐng)著她到爐門口那兒去。
“它里面看起來真夠黑!”她說。但是她仍然跟著他走進(jìn)去，走過爐身和通風(fēng)管——這里面簡直是漆黑的夜。
“現(xiàn)在我們到了煙囪里面了，”他說，“瞧吧，瞧吧!上面那顆美麗的星星照得多么亮!”
那是天上一顆真正的星。它正照著他們，好像是要為他們帶路似的。他們爬著，他們摸著前進(jìn)。這是一條可怕的路——它懸得那么高，非常之高。不過他拉著她，牽著她向上爬去。他扶著她，指導(dǎo)她在哪兒放下一雙小瓷腳最安全。這樣他們就爬到了煙囪口，在口邊坐下來，因?yàn)樗麄兏械椒浅Ｆ＞搿矐?yīng)該如此。
布滿了星星的天空高高地懸著;城里所有的屋頂羅列在他們的下面。他們遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地向四周了望——遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地向這廣大的世界望去。這個(gè)可憐的牧羊女從來沒有想象到世界就是這個(gè)樣子;她把她的小腦袋靠在掃煙囪的人身上，哭得可憐而又傷心，弄得緞帶上的金色都被眼淚洗掉了。
“這真是太那個(gè)了，”她說。“我吃不消。這世界是太廣大了!我但愿重新回到鏡子下面那個(gè)桌子上去!在我沒有回到那兒去以前，我是永遠(yuǎn)也不會快樂的�，F(xiàn)在我既然跟著你跑到這個(gè)茫茫的世界里來了，如果你對我有點(diǎn)愛情的話，你還得陪著我回去!”
掃煙囪的人用理智的話語來勸她，并且故意提到那個(gè)中國老頭兒和“公山羊腿——中將和少將——作戰(zhàn)司令——中士”。但是她抽噎得那么傷心，并且吻著這位掃煙囪的人，結(jié)果他只好聽從她了——雖然這是很不聰明的。
所以他們又費(fèi)了很大的氣力爬下煙囪。他們爬下通風(fēng)管和爐身。這一點(diǎn)也不愉快。他們站在這個(gè)黑暗的火爐里面，靜靜地在門后聽，想要知道屋子里面的情況到底怎樣。屋子里是一片靜寂，他們偷偷地露出頭來看。——哎呀!那個(gè)老中國人正躺在地中央!這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)他在追趕他們的時(shí)候，從桌子上跌下來了�，F(xiàn)在他躺在那兒，跌成了三片。他的背跌落了，成為一片;他的頭滾到一個(gè)墻角里去了。那位“公山羊腿——中將和少將——作戰(zhàn)司令——中士”仍然站在他原來的地方，腦子里仿佛在考慮什么問題。
“這真可怕!”小牧羊女說�！袄献娓傅闪怂槠＿@完全是我們的過錯(cuò)。我再也活不下去了!”于是她悲慟地扭著一雙小巧的手。
“他可以補(bǔ)好的!”掃煙囪的人說，“他完全可以補(bǔ)好的!請不要過度地激動吧。只消把他的背粘在一起，再在他頸子上釘一個(gè)釘子，就可以仍然像新的一樣，仍然可以對我們講些不愉快的話了�！�
“你真的這樣想嗎?”她問。
于是他們就又爬上桌子，回到他們原來的地方去。
“你看，我們白白地兜了一個(gè)大圈子，”掃煙囪的人說。
“我們大可不必找這許多的麻煩!”
“我只希望老祖父被修好了!”牧羊女說。“這需要花很多的錢嗎?”
他真的被修好了。這家人設(shè)法把他的背粘好了，在他的頸子上釘了一根結(jié)實(shí)的釘子。他像新的一樣了，只是不能再點(diǎn)頭罷了。
“自從你跌碎了以后，你倒顯得自高自大起來�！薄肮窖蛲取袑⒑蜕賹ⅰ鲬�(zhàn)司令——中士”說�！拔铱茨銢]有任何理由可以擺出這副架子。我到底跟她結(jié)婚呢，還是不跟她結(jié)婚?”
掃煙囪的人和牧羊女望著這位老中國人，樣子很可憐，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε滤麜c(diǎn)頭答應(yīng)。但是他現(xiàn)在不能點(diǎn)頭了，他同時(shí)又覺得怪不好意思告訴一個(gè)生人，說自己頸子里牢牢地釘著一根釘子。因此這一對瓷人就成為眷屬了。他們祝福老祖父的那根釘子;他們相親相愛，直到他們碎裂為止。
①這些都是撲克牌上的花色的名稱。
�、诨旌匣ㄆ�(Potpourri Krukken)是舊時(shí)歐洲的一種室內(nèi)裝飾品，里邊一般盛著干玫瑰花瓣和其他的花瓣，使室內(nèi)經(jīng)常保持一種香氣。為了使這些花瓣不致腐爛，瓶里經(jīng)常放有一些鹽。
牧羊女和掃煙囪的人英文版：
HAVE you ever seen an old wooden cupboard quite black with age, and ornamented with carved foliage and curious figures? Well, just such a cupboard stood in a parlor, and had been left to the family as a legacy by the great-grandmother. It was covered from top to bottom with carved roses and tulips; the most curious scrolls were drawn upon it, and out of them peeped little stags’ heads, with antlers. In the middle of the cupboard door was the carved figure of a man most ridiculous to look at. He grinned at you, for no one could call it laughing. He had goat’s legs, little horns on his head, and a long beard; the children in the room always called him, “Major general-field-sergeant-commander Billy-goat’s-legs.” It was certainly a very difficult name to pronounce, and there are very few who ever receive such a title, but then it seemed wonderful how he came to be carved at all; yet there he was, always looking at the table under the looking-glass, where stood a very pretty little shepherdess made of china. Her shoes were gilt, and her dress had a red rose or an ornament. She wore a hat, and carried a crook, that were both gilded, and looked very bright and pretty. Close by her side stood a little chimney-sweep, as black as coal, and also made of china. He was, however, quite as clean and neat as any other china figure; he only represented a black chimney-sweep, and the china workers might just as well have made him a prince, had they felt inclined to do so. He stood holding his ladder quite handily, and his face was as fair and rosy as a girl’s; indeed, that was rather a mistake, it should have had some black marks on it. He and the shepherdess had been placed close together, side by side; and, being so placed, they became engaged to each other, for they were very well suited, being both made of the same sort of china, and being equally fragile. Close to them stood another figure, three times as large as they were, and also made of china. He was an old Chinaman, who could nod his head, and used to pretend that he was the grandfather of the shepherdess, although he could not prove it. He however assumed authority over her, and therefore when “Major-general-field-sergeant-commander Billy-goat’s-legs” asked for the little shepherdess to be his wife, he nodded his head to show that he consented. “You will have a husband,” said the old Chinaman to her, “who I really believe is made of mahogany. He will make you a lady of Major-general-field-sergeant-commander Billy-goat’s-legs. He has the whole cupboard full of silver plate, which he keeps locked up in secret drawers.”
“I won’t go into the dark cupboard,” said the little shepherdess. “I have heard that he has eleven china wives there already.”
“Then you shall be the twelfth,” said the old Chinaman. “To-night as soon as you hear a rattling in the old cupboard, you shall be married, as true as I am a Chinaman;” and then he nodded his head and fell asleep.
Then the little shepherdess cried, and looked at her sweetheart, the china chimney-sweep. “I must entreat you,” said she, “to go out with me into the wide world, for we cannot stay here.”
“I will do whatever you wish,” said the little chimney-sweep; “l(fā)et us go immediately: I think I shall be able to maintain you with my profession.”
“If we were but safely down from the table!” said she; “I shall not be happy till we are really out in the world.”
Then he comforted her, and showed her how to place her little foot on the carved edge and gilt-leaf ornaments of the table. He brought his little ladder to help her, and so they contrived to reach the floor. But when they looked at the old cupboard, they saw it was all in an uproar. The carved stags pushed out their heads, raised their antlers, and twisted their necks. The major-general sprung up in the air; and cried out to the old Chinaman, “They are running away! they are running away!” The two were rather frightened at this, so they jumped into the drawer of the window-seat. Here were three or four packs of cards not quite complete, and a doll’s theatre, which had been built up very neatly. A comedy was being performed in it, and all the queens of diamonds, clubs, and hearts,, and spades, sat in the first row fanning themselves with tulips, and behind them stood all the knaves, showing that they had heads above and below as playing cards generally have. The play was about two lovers, who were not allowed to marry, and the shepherdess wept because it was so like her own story. “I cannot bear it,” said she, “I must get out of the drawer;” but when they reached the floor, and cast their eyes on the table, there was the old Chinaman awake and shaking his whole body, till all at once down he came on the floor, “plump.” “The old Chinaman is coming,” cried the little shepherdess in a fright, and down she fell on one knee.
“I have thought of something,” said the chimney-sweep; “l(fā)et us get into the great pot-pourri jar which stands in the corner; there we can lie on rose-leaves and lavender, and throw salt in his eyes if he comes near us.”
“No, that will never do,” said she, “because I know that the Chinaman and the pot-pourri jar were lovers once, and there always remains behind a feeling of good-will between those who have been so intimate as that. No, there is nothing left for us but to go out into the wide world.”
“Have you really courage enough to go out into the wide world with me?” said the chimney-sweep; “have you thought how large it is, and that we can never come back here again?”
“Yes, I have,” she replied.
When the chimney-sweep saw that she was quite firm, he said, “My way is through the stove and up the chimney. Have you courage to creep with me through the fire-box, and the iron pipe? When we get to the chimney I shall know how to manage very well. We shall soon climb too high for any one to reach us, and we shall come through a hole in the top out into the wide world.” So he led her to the door of the stove.
“It looks very dark,” said she; still she went in with him through the stove and through the pipe, where it was as dark as pitch.
“Now we are in the chimney,” said he; “and look, there is a beautiful star shining above it.” It was a real star shining down upon them as if it would show them the way. So they clambered, and crept on, and a frightful steep place it was; but the chimney-sweep helped her and supported her, till they got higher and higher. He showed her the best places on which to set her little china foot, so at last they reached the top of the chimney, and sat themselves down, for they were very tired, as may be supposed. The sky, with all its stars, was over their heads, and below were the roofs of the town. They could see for a very long distance out into the wide world, and the poor little shepherdess leaned her head on her chimney-sweep’s shoulder, and wept till she washed the gilt off her sash; the world was so different to what she expected. “This is too much,” she said; “I cannot bear it, the world is too large. Oh, I wish I were safe back on the table. again, under the looking glass; I shall never be happy till I am safe back again. Now I have followed you out into the wide world, you will take me back, if you love me.”
Then the chimney-sweep tried to reason with her, and spoke of the old Chinaman, and of the Major-general-field-sergeant-commander Billy-goat’s legs; but she sobbed so bitterly, and kissed her little chimney-sweep till he was obliged to do all she asked, foolish as it was. And so, with a great deal of trouble, they climbed down the chimney, and then crept through the pipe and stove, which were certainly not very pleasant places. Then they stood in the dark fire-box, and listened behind the door, to hear what was going on in the room. As it was all quiet, they peeped out. Alas! there lay the old Chinaman on the floor; he had fallen down from the table as he attempted to run after them, and was broken into three pieces; his back had separated entirely, and his head had rolled into a corner of the room. The major-general stood in his old place, and appeared lost in thought.
“This is terrible,” said the little shepherdess. “My poor old grandfather is broken to pieces, and it is our fault. I shall never live after this;” and she wrung her little hands.
“He can be riveted,” said the chimney-sweep; “he can be riveted. Do not be so hasty. If they cement his back, and put a good rivet in it, he will be as good as new, and be able to say as many disagreeable things to us as ever.”
“Do you think so?” said she; and then they climbed up to the table, and stood in their old places.
“As we have done no good,” said the chimney-sweep, “we might as well have remained here, instead of taking so much trouble.”
“I wish grandfather was riveted,” said the shepherdess. “Will it cost much, I wonder?”
And she had her wish. The family had the Chinaman’s back mended, and a strong rivet put through his neck; he looked as good as new, but he could no longer nod his head.
“You have become proud since your fall broke you to pieces,” said Major-general-field-sergeant-commander Billy-goat’s-legs. “You have no reason to give yourself such airs. Am I to have her or not?”
The chimney-sweep and the little shepherdess looked piteously at the old Chinaman, for they were afraid he might nod; but he was not able: besides, it was so tiresome to be always telling strangers he had a rivet in the back of his neck.
And so the little china people remained together, and were glad of the grandfather’s rivet, and continued to love each other till they were broken to pieces.
故事背景與主要人物
故事發(fā)生在一個(gè)普通的廳堂里，廳中央立著一個(gè)古老泛光的實(shí)木碗柜，上面雕刻著各種花紋和圖案，包括一個(gè)長著公羊腿、表情詭異的人像（被孩子們戲稱為“公山羊腿中士”）。廳內(nèi)的主要人物包括牧羊女、掃煙囪的人和自稱是牧羊女祖父的中國老人。牧羊女和掃煙囪的人都是瓷做的，形象生動，而中國老人則象征著舊文化和傳統(tǒng)勢力的代表。
故事情節(jié)
1、沖突的引入：
牧羊女和掃煙囪的人相愛，但他們的愛情遭到了自稱是牧羊女祖父的中國老人的反對。老人試圖讓牧羊女嫁給“公山羊腿中士”。
在這種背景下，牧羊女和掃煙囪的人決定私奔，以追求自由和幸福。
2、冒險(xiǎn)與挫折：
兩人歷盡艱辛，成功跨越了滾燙的爐灶，攀上了陡峭的煙囪壁。沿途的艱險(xiǎn)和掃煙囪者的鼓勵(lì)與支持，使得他們得以繼續(xù)前行。
然而，當(dāng)他們到達(dá)煙囪口，看到廣闊的世界時(shí)，牧羊女突然感到恐懼和無力，她意識到外面的世界太過廣大，自己無法承受。于是，她決定放棄私奔，回到原來的生活中。
3、回歸與和解：
兩人返回廳堂，發(fā)現(xiàn)中國老人在追趕他們時(shí)摔碎，無法再阻撓他們的愛情。
故事的結(jié)尾并沒有明確說明他們是否最終在一起，但通過老人的失敗，暗示了年輕一代對自由和愛情的追求終將得到認(rèn)可。
寓意與啟示
自由與愛情的追求：
故事通過牧羊女和掃煙囪人的私奔和回歸，展現(xiàn)了年輕一代對自由和愛情的執(zhí)著追求。盡管面臨重重困難，他們?nèi)匀挥赂业剡~出了一步，盡管最終未能完全逃脫現(xiàn)實(shí)的束縛。
傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的沖突：
中國老人作為舊文化和傳統(tǒng)勢力的代表，試圖控制牧羊女的命運(yùn)。而牧羊女和掃煙囪人則代表了新一代對自由和愛情的渴望。兩者之間的沖突和對抗，反映了傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代之間的深刻矛盾。
成長與自我認(rèn)知：
牧羊女在冒險(xiǎn)過程中經(jīng)歷了從恐懼到勇敢、從迷茫到自我認(rèn)知的過程。她最終意識到自己的軟弱和無力，但也更加珍惜現(xiàn)有的生活。這種成長和自我認(rèn)知的過程是故事的重要組成部分。
理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的平衡：
故事通過牧羊女的選擇和回歸，傳達(dá)了理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的平衡。雖然外面的世界廣闊而美好，但現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)和困難也不容忽視。在追求理想和幸福的同時(shí)，也需要有面對現(xiàn)實(shí)的勇氣和智慧。
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