_ƮI(y)Փ
ָɇ(gu)C(j)P(gun)(du)ڲڌz칤Լеɵľw(yng)Æ(wn)}ԼԼƶķҎ(gu)M(jn)еĽ҂(li)һP(gun)I(y)Փİ
ժ Ҫ҇(gu)ĸ_ŕr(sh)ֵl(f)_(d)(gu)(sh)ƴĸ˳ʹ҇(gu)ĸﲻܲܵĸՓӰ푡ڌW(xu)(x)ͱ^P(gun)ՓĻA(ch)ϡÁ(li)bY(ji)Ї(gu)(gu)(chung)(hu)ĸ_չṩߵƽ_(ti)M(jn)_(d)ɽ֮ʯԹЧȻτtڻtס҇(gu)ĸڷeObՓɹͬr(sh)Ҫѿ˷(li)ƷһЩ`(do)Ŭ̽Փ֮(chung)Ї(gu)ɫЇ(gu)(gu)ĬF(xin)ՓԴˁ(li)õָ(do)ĸĿƌW(xu)M(jn)С
P(gun)I~ĸ׃wՓ
һоľ
ĸ﷽Փ҇(gu)ΌW(xu)W(xu)20o(j)80֏(f)ؽԁ(li)һ(g)оc(din)ҲS҇(gu)ĸČ(sh)HM(jn)eǸĸ_ź҇(gu)F(xin)O(sh)ĸĺW(xu)g(sh)猦(du)ĸՓ͌(sh)`о@ǰδеİl(f)չô҇(gu)(du)ĸՓīI(xin)оӵĠrأͨ^(gu)SվW(wng)īI(xin)zP(gun)ĸо_(d)1222ƪP(gun)I~ĸЌ(du)ĸՓP(gun)о?j)H96ƪP(gun)I~顰ĸ+Փ@ЩīI(xin)ּо҇(gu)ĸĚv̻LJ(gu)ijһՓ(du)҇(gu)ĸĆʾīI(xin)ĸ_ԁ(li)҇(gu)wbЩ(gu)Փָ(do)ĸԓʹĸbՓԓ΄(chung)³҇(gu)ԼĹՓīI(xin)t](mi)Сo(w)@ӵķՄ҇(gu)ĸՓϵy(tng)оȻ҇(gu)ĸvM(jn)ҪĸՓϵĄ(chung)ºͳԽ˕r(sh)҇(gu)ĸ_ԁ(li)ĸĚvY(ji)ĸbՓF(xin)˼b҇(gu)ԓʹ֮(chung)Ї(gu)ɫĬF(xin)Փ(du)Ќ(sh)M(jn)҇(gu)ĸ(jin)y(tng)һЧҎ(gu)ķ(w)Ҫx
ĸ_ԁ(li)҇(gu)ĸ׃w(jin)
ӭ21o(j)(zhn)(dng)ǰ(gu)ڷeOĸ@һȫ҇(gu)ȺM(jn)5δĸ
һ1982ĸĸDDD(zhun)wδ׃
1982ʮһȫ(hu)_hD(zhun)Ƶ(hu)xF(xin)O(sh)ρ(li)M(jn)˸ĸ_ź״θĸҪʩУ1׃һġ硱wU(ku)ijн(jng)(j)(qun)2C(j)(gu)M(jn)˸ĸ;(jin)^ȵس˽(jng)(j)T3UI(lng)(do)(w)K˸ɲxƶ˴θĸʹ҇(gu)׃r(nng)һġ硱wƣ(qun)ca(chn)(jng)I(yng)(qun)x(j)y(tng)Ӌ(j)(gu)(w)ԺĹTɸĸǰ100(g)pٵ61(g)˺ĸe˽(jng)(yn)춨˻A(ch)[1]
1988ĸĸDDD(zhun)׃
1988_ʼm(yng)(hu)xӋ(j)Ʒ(jng)(j)l(f)չҪM(jn)ĸҪʩУ1˴θĸ_D(zhun)׃ܞP(gun)I_ԭtʹ(du)I(y)ֱӹD(zhun)gӹ2M(jn)Ї(gu)(w)ԺC(j)(gu)ĸͬr(sh)M(jn)һĸƶڸ(j)C(j)P(gun)(gu)ҹ(w)Tƶȣ(sh)_O(jin)@һAεĸĸ(hu)xЈ(chng)(jng)(j)wƵĴ_(chung)˗lY(ji)D(zhun)׃C(j)(gu)õ˾(jin)
1993ĸĸDDȫĸA(y)
1992йʮĴҪm(yng)(hu)xЈ(chng)(jng)(j)ҪĽMC(j)(gu)һ݆϶µȫ(gu)wƸĸ_ʼҪʩУ1M(jn)һD(zhun)׃ܣӏ(qing)^{(dio)غͱO(jin)T2ͬr(sh)Ї(gu)ҹ(w)TƶȞc(din)ȫM(jn)C(j)P(gun)I(y)I(y)ƶȵĸĸ(jng)^(gu)ĸ(gu)(w)ԺίֱٙC(j)(gu)kC(j)(gu)86(g){(dio)59(g)TˆT(jin)ƽ20%ҡ(j)C(j)(gu)ˆTsp200f(wn)ռԭƵ23%
ģ1998ĸĸDDȫ
1997ʮ(bo)һҪM(jn)C(j)(gu)ĸ@N£һ݆wƸĸ_ҪʩУ1(gu)(w)Ժ͵ط(j)C(j)(gu)M(jn)һ(jin)C(j)(gu)2{(dio)cЈ(chng)c(hu)cI(y)P(gun)ϵ@һAθĸʹܵõD(zhun)׃C(j)(gu)ˆTõܴ(jin)ͬr(sh)^{(dio)ܺ(hu)(w)ܵõӏ(qing)
壩2003ĸĸDD(qing)O(jin)
2003_ʼwƺ͙C(j)(gu)ĸԿƌW(xu)l(f)չ^ָ(do)阋(gu)C(hu)ȫ潨O(sh)С(hu)ṩwƱҪʩУM(jn)һD(zhun)׃ܣˮƽC(j)(gu)ĸ漰ӏ(qing)ʳƷȫa(chn)O(jin)wƽO(sh)7(g)e롣@θĸ׃Ӌ(j)(jng)(j)r(sh)γɵwƺͽMC(j)(gu)γm(hu)xЈ(chng)(jng)(j)Ҫwƿ[2]
ĸ_ԁ(li)҇(gu)ĸbՓ
@Ȼ҇(gu)ĸЎǧASNĻ鱾ՓA(ch)ôʲôҪړбr(ji)ֵՓA(ch)߀Ҫb(gu)ĹՓһЇ(gu)ĸĸ_ʼ20o(j)70δֵl(f)_(d)(gu)(sh)ƴϯȫm(x)ĸ˳ʹ҇(gu)ĸﲻܲܵĸՓӰ綡ͽԡĸ_ŵM(jn)һȫ˳ϯ҇(gu)ĸbW(xu)ՓɹṩˬF(xin)(sh)ܡ(sh)`ѽ(jng)C҇(gu)˽⡢W(xu)(x)ͱ^P(gun)ՓĻA(ch)ϡÁ(li)bY(ji)Ї(gu)(gu)(chung)(hu)鹫W(xu)Ƶİl(f)չĸṩߵƽ_(ti)M(jn)_(d)ɽ֮ʯԹЧ
һ̤о֮
20o(j)80ĕ½ڱҪW(xu)оճ@һ30(li)Ї(gu)W(xu)ijž档1984ȫ(gu)״ΡW(xu)ӑ(hu)ҪЇ(gu)ɫW(xu)ֱ80ĩ҇(gu)_W(xu)ؽ(f)dĻM(jn)оՓԞF(xin)O(sh)I(y)(w)Դ҇(gu)ĸ_ʼˌW(xu)(x)bՓ֮á@ȻһAεĸﲢ](mi)нbՓijɷȻ˴θĸzµĺܶ(wn)}ԺĸҪM(jn)ʲôӵՓˬF(xin)(sh)Ҫ
ʼĹƶ
ʮo(j)~Ӣ(gu)׃hEơľ棬Ĺƶ@һƶȰl(f)չ@c(din)ǡ(j)ơďV\(yn)Ą(l)(jng)(zhng)߹Чr(sh)l(f)F(xin)˲֪[3]bĹƶȸĸȡõijЧ҇(gu)(w)TƶȷeObĹƶеĺ(ni)Ҫ(ni)У_ԇ(yu)ȡ@ӿ˲ͨ^(gu)(jng)(zhng)xελρ(li)ʹ(w)T|(zh)cͬr(sh)bеķƻă(ni)(sh)й(w)TƶȷƻĸΡĹƶеġ(j)ơġ¡ܡڡ(j)Ă(g)挦(du)(w)TM(jn)ȫ濼ʹù(w)T¡@Щo(w)ɶĺϷԵλ
¹ՓġcЈ(chng)ȡ
20o(j)70ԁ(li)(gu)ᘌ(du)Чʵ£Ј(chng)C(j)ƺ(jng)(zhng)C(j)Ј(chng)ĸ﷽Լ(du)Ј(chng)M(jn)¶λ҇(gu)(hu)(w)^(gu)ࡢ(qun)^(gu)@HӰ푵Чʣҽ(w)|(zh)I(y)@N˼҇(gu)M(jn)wƸĸm(yng)(hu)xЈ(chng)(jng)(j)l(f)չҪġ҇(gu)b¹Փ`Ј(chng)ȡ½綨ɫD(zhun)׃c(hu)cI(y)cЈ(chng)cP(gun)ϵĶӏ(qing)˺^{(dio)غ(hu)(w)ƶDŽ
ģxՓġ(qun)scȡ
Ľ(jng)(j)˼O(sh)l(f)\(yn)óɱDxW(xu)ɵóˡʧՓ(do)pه(gu)ҸA(y)Ml(f)]Ј(chng)ĹJ(rn)(gu)ҙ(qun)ć(gu)ҙ(qun)Ҫa(b)ȡʧҪ@Nѭh(hun)нÓ(li)Ƴf(wn)ܵԒ[4]ĸ_ǰ҇(gu)ܶܽy(tng)(li)˺ܶԓҹܲõĸ_źĸJ(rn)R(sh)Ҳ(hu)ʧ`ę(qun)ҲҪsֻγɡС(hu)͡(qun)sĸĸ҇(gu)1982(li)ĚvĸԡD(zhun)Qܡǰ(jin)C(j)(gu)(w)͡@һwĿ(bio)(wn)ǰM(jn)
壩Փġ(hu)ccȡ
20o(j)80ĩ90a(chn)ՓwĶԪc؟(z)ؑ(yng)ԡЧƻ[5]Փ?jin)T˽˲T֮g_(d)ɹR(sh)ĺ@Щr(ji)ֵ(hu)҇(gu)(w)(hu)ͅcṩ(qing)ՓA(ch)҇(gu){(dio)cЈ(chng)c(hu)cI(y)P(gun)ϵ(hu)нM(hu)νMY(ji)(gu)c(hu)cgهf(xi)P(gun)ϵ
bՓֵ˼һЩ(wn)}
ӹڽbՓһЩ˼҇(gu)ĸՓ͌(sh)`ϾȡȻijɹȻڡÁ(li)֮r(sh)Ҫ҂˼ĹՓЇ(gu)B(ti)h(hun)Ƿ(hu)a(chn)ˮIJYĸČ(sh)`ܷЧ˷ՓÓx(gu)(sh)H`(do)҇(gu)ԓڽb֮τ(chung)ԼЇ(gu)ɫĬF(xin)Փָ(do)ĸأ
һeObՓɹ
Փ(li)Դڌ(sh)`ָ(do)(sh)`κθĸﶼҪՓָ(do)](mi)Փĸyȡóɹ҇(gu)(yng)ʲôӵwƣț](mi)н(jng)(yn)ԽbҲ](mi)ՓA(ch)ĸ_źĸ˼Ӱ҇(gu)ĸĸ˱^ƌW(xu)ՓA(ch)繫ՓxՓՓȶɞ@һr(sh)ĸՓԴȪĸĹͬɹĸՓ͌(sh)`o(w)Ɍ(du)҇(gu)кܺõĽbڌ(sh)`ƺF(xin)˳R(sh)ΑB(ti)Խ(gu)Һy(tng)Խl(f)չAεձm[6]҇(gu)qCоͽbՓԞ҇(gu)ĸ(w)
ѿ˷(li)ƷһЩ`(do)
҇(gu)ĸՓܶǏ(li)ĿǰеһЩĸՓНɫ(du)ȱѵJ(rn)R(sh)ƵʹÁ(li)ՓԒZ(y)ͷ҇(gu)Ć(wn)}(hu)(du)҇(gu)wƸĸČ(sh)`a(chn)кӰ푡Ч˷`(do)_bՓɹtɞһ(g)Ҫ(zhn)˕r(sh)҂xҪ^u(png)r(ji)ՓijɹȲ^(gu)ȵذθߣҲ^(gu)ȵHߘOҪȫо_J(rn)R(sh)҇(gu)(gu)ҹՓB(ti)h(hun)M(jn)б^оt׃P(gun)Ҫͬr(sh)߀(j)҇(gu)Խʽĕr(sh)x،(du)ՓɹM(jn)нb
Ŭ̽Փ֮
dڡW(xu)оһf(shu)҂Ҫ(yng)@NƌW(xu)҂ʹ֮(gu)ֻǏʽϻHHZ(y)(gu)DZ˼ԭtĿ(bio)ĸϼ(gu)횏ă(ni)̎J(rn)R(sh)҂ƶȣ횰ѹxğᲡѪмų횶(gu)ɿ՚[7]Ҋ(jin)Ҫb\(yn)Փr(sh)ʹF(xin)τtڻtסĬF(xin)t회(du)@NՓM(jn)С롰(gu)(ni)ɿ՚⡱_l(f)mϱ(gu)B(ti)h(hun)ՓȻһ(g)^(gu)̣ǽY(ji)Ҫվ҇(gu)ĸF(xin)ĻA(ch)оĸгF(xin)Ć(wn)}Ҫ(sh)F(xin)W(xu)g(sh)ԒZ(y)ıھͽY(ji)Ї(gu)ČW(xu)g(sh)ԒZ(y)ɾЇ(gu)ɫՓԒZ(y)ϵy(tng)ҪڏЇ(gu)(sh)`г(li)ĸͷ(li)о҇(gu)ĸ(sh)`еĆ(wn)}ѭuM(jn)ڌ(sh)`в̽(chung)³ԼՓ(chung)³Ї(gu)ɫЇ(gu)(gu)ĬF(xin)ՓԴˁ(li)õָ(do)ĸĿƌW(xu)M(jn)
Y(ji)ՓcӑՓ
֮ȫϢĽ҇(gu)(gu)ҶԼć(gu)M(jn)иĸģ҂֪κİl(f)չ乲ԺͲ(du)F(xin)(sh)(wn)}(gu)ҵՓṩָ(do)˼о·ߟo(w)ɶǺmҪָ҇(gu)ĸڽbՓͬr(sh)ڌ(sh)`зeO̽ԼĸՓƽՓ֮gP(gun)ϵ͙(qun)ҵ赵c(din)cͬr(sh)҇(gu)ݱM(jn)еĴƸĸԓοƌW(xu)bՓеĺɷЧҎ(gu)һЩؓ(f)`(do)M(jn)һM(jn)һ݆Ƹĸ@Щ(wn)}tҪ҂β^m(x)̽о
īI(xin)
[1]ĕ£.W(xu)[M].VݣɽW(xu)2003.
[2]P.Ї(gu)wƸĸ30cչ[M].2008.
[3]ģĹƶc(din)҇(gu)(w)Tƶȵĸĸ[J]ĽYϣ20008.
[4]Ԟ.xՓ(du)҇(gu)ĸĆʾ[J](sh)`̽2007331
[5]OȻ.ȫµЇ(gu)ĸ[M].(j)ϣɽ|W(xu)磬2006.
[6]͢JȣЇ(gu)wƸĸ(wn)}(bo)[M].Ї(gu)l(f)չ磬2004
[7]Ҋ(jin)_.dWoodrow WilsonW(xu)оһ
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