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      2. 聽力理解之對(duì)話應(yīng)考技巧

        時(shí)間:2024-09-11 19:34:49 好文 我要投稿
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        聽力理解之對(duì)話應(yīng)考技巧

          一、利用考試間隙,預(yù)讀考題

          聽力理解考試的問題全部印在考卷上,考生可以利用磁帶播放指令的時(shí)間或利用兩道題之間的停頓空隙,快速瀏覽問題和選項(xiàng),獲取聽音內(nèi)容的背景知識(shí),排除極有可能錯(cuò)誤的答案,預(yù)選可能正確的答案,正式聽的時(shí)候,可以對(duì)照我們的預(yù)測(cè),變被動(dòng)聽為主動(dòng)聽。

          例題9(2011年真題)

          1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?

          A. The show will have more stands this year.

          B. The show will have more visitors this year.

          C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.

          D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.

          解析:此題問關(guān)于汽車展不正確的陳述是什么?展出柜臺(tái)和參觀人數(shù)可能會(huì)增加,展出天數(shù)也可能和往年一樣,但是國(guó)外來的參觀者不可能和往年一樣多,沒這么精確。因此選項(xiàng)C極有可能是答案。

          例題10(2011年真題)

          5. The advertisements will be placed in all of the following EXCEPT

          A. family magazines. B. Sunday newspaper.

          C. morning television. D. teenage magazine.

          6. The advertisements are intended to be seen by

          A. parents only. B. children only. C. school teachers. D. whole families.

          解析:第5題問廣告不會(huì)出現(xiàn)的地方是?早晨一般很少有人看電視,選項(xiàng)C極有可能是答案。第6題:廣告的受眾是?選項(xiàng)D“整個(gè)家庭的人”(即所有人)完全包含了父母、小孩和教師等三類人,它極有可能是正確答案。

          二、集中注意力,關(guān)注對(duì)話開頭和結(jié)尾部分。

          對(duì)話的頭尾兩部分的信息往往是考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的地方,一般來說,必有兩道題目的答案藏在其中,同時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)容易得分的題目。

          例題11(2009年真題)

          W: Hi, Mark. How are you?

          M: Actually, I’m really fed up, Linda. It’s Jane.

          W: Jane? Who’s Jane?

          M: No, nobody really. Just the most astoundingly attractive girl in my year of school.

          ....

          W: OK, then, well, there’s that party at John’s on Friday night. You could invite her.

          M: Just another small problem. John’s her boyfriend.

          Questions:

          1.Mark is unhappy because of

          A. his Chemistry homework. B. a girl in his class.

          C. Linda’s words. D. Friday night’s party.

          3. Did Mark eventually take Linda’s advice?

          A. No. B. Partly. C. Completely. D. Not mentioned.

          第1題和第3題分別對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)話開頭和結(jié)尾的錄音文字。第1題題干的關(guān)鍵詞unhappy和fed up(氣憤)對(duì)應(yīng)。第3題為隱含意義考核:女生建議男生邀請(qǐng)Jane參加John的派對(duì),男生說有點(diǎn)麻煩,John是Jane的男朋友。

          三、日常生活場(chǎng)景的背景知識(shí)非常重要

          熟悉生活場(chǎng)景所涉及的相關(guān)事件,聽的過程中更容易集中注意力,答題就容易。

          例題12 (2005年真題)

          8. Parcel Express needs the following details about the sender EXCEPT

          A. name. B. address. C. receipt. D. phone number.

          9. Parcels must be left open mainly for

          A. customs’ check       B. security check.

          C. convenience’s sake.    D. the company’s sake.

          10. The woman’s last inquiry is mainly concerned with

          A. the time needed for sending the parcel. B. the fl ight time to New York.

          C. the parcel destination.             D. parcel collection.

          這是一則郵寄包裹的對(duì)話,問題涉及郵寄人的信息、包裹安檢和所需郵寄時(shí)間等?忌羰怯朽]寄包裹的經(jīng)歷,在預(yù)覽題目并且聽了材料之后,以上三道題目相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單。第8題問:“快遞公司不需要寄件人的哪些信息”,寄件人沒有收據(jù),當(dāng)然不需要,而是快遞公司給寄件人收據(jù),所以答案為C。第9題問:“包裹必須打開檢查的主要原因是什么”,當(dāng)然是為了安全起見,而且聽力錄音中提到過最近發(fā)生了爆炸案,更加確信答案為B。第

          解析:10題問“女士最后一個(gè)問題主要是什么”,根據(jù)郵寄包裹的經(jīng)歷,只有選項(xiàng)A可能是正確的,即“郵寄包裹所花的時(shí)間”。

          四、留意題目中具有否定意義的單詞

          具有否定意義的單詞和詞組本身是學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn),聽力考試中出現(xiàn)則難上加難。同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別留意題干中具有否定意義的單詞,粗心大意的同學(xué),可能會(huì)將否定看成肯定,從而解答錯(cuò)誤。這樣的題目一般較難,需要大家多加留意。

          例題13 (2010年真題)

          4 Which of the following details is CORRECT?

          A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.

          B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates’ spouse.

          C. Mark doesn’t know the exact number of delegates yet.

          D. Mark doesn’t know the number of guest speakers.

          解析:這道題目的題干是肯定語氣,但是選項(xiàng)包含兩個(gè)肯定句和兩個(gè)否定句,有些句子還有相同的名詞(如exact number),容易讓考生感到迷惑,須留意。

          五、善于利用語境,理解語用意義

          對(duì)話和短文、新聞的不同之處在于對(duì)話有很強(qiáng)的語境,即借助各種生活場(chǎng)景來表達(dá)語言的具體意義,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)語言的交際功能。語言離開語境就沒有引申含義,只有字面意思。在聽錄音的過程中,同學(xué)們要善于把語言和語境聯(lián)系起來,推測(cè)其表達(dá)的語言功能是請(qǐng)求、命令、否定、猶豫、建議還是其他深層意義,也就是我們常說的要推測(cè)說話人的言外之意,才能真正理解對(duì)話中說話人的意圖。

          例題14 (2012年真題)

          W(Ruth): .... So being an ethical shopper really means thinking a bit before you go and spend

          your money in the shops.

          ....

          W: So it’s about thinking before you shop.

          Question:

          3. According to the conversation, ethical shoppers can be best described as

          A. shrewd. B. thrifty. C. extravagant. D. cautious.

          解析:D 推理題。問道德購物者具有什么樣的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)話中兩次出現(xiàn)意思相近的句子:“去商店花錢購物時(shí)要考慮考慮”,“購物時(shí)考慮下”,其字面意思似乎表達(dá)這些人出手不大方,或者精明(shrewd),其實(shí)想表達(dá)道德購物者購物小心謹(jǐn)慎(cautious)。

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