構(gòu)成形式
非第三人稱單數(shù):Subject (主語)have been + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
第三人稱單數(shù):Subject (主語)has been + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
基本句型
肯定句 主語+have/has+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
否定句 主語+haven’t/hasn‘t+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
一般疑問句 have/has+主語+been+動詞的.現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
肯定回答:Yes.主語+have/has 否定回答:No.主語+haven't/hasn't
1) 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結(jié)束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
2) 表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現(xiàn)在還在下)
Jack has been feeling very well recently.
3) 表示一個從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可以包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一個階段內(nèi),重復(fù)發(fā)生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
4) 現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作行為的結(jié)果、影響,而現(xiàn)在完成進行時只強調(diào)動作行為本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
標(biāo)志:1.句中常有延續(xù)性動詞,2.時間點前有since。