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c̰ ƪ1
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1.˽⡶cƷĹ
2.Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը
3.?q)W(x)ϵǷN\(yn)Ȼ(zhn)ěQĺ
̌W(xu)c(din).
Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը
̌W(xu)yc(din)
(do)W(xu)w茑Ըϵ
nr(sh)
1nr(sh)
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һ(do)n
֪ˌƪֻЎʮ퓵СӶ@ZؐČW(xu)һеyŵ@(sh)@(g)˾Ǻ@СӾǡcСfһ̈́(chung)ʷϿǰļo(j)䛣48Сr(sh)۳530fƷڮ(dng)ͫ@ߪ֫@ZؐČW(xu)
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(ʾƬ)һ(g)۴C~^һ(zhn)đ(zhn)^237KƬ^Ͽp^57?bio)ڷރɶwC(j)ʧ(yn)صXʎʹҕͽÿr@ǺĽ(jng)vӲhԸ
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(ʾcDƬ)@ƪСf茑һλª(d)ĹŰϝOڼձȺ~ǰl(f)һϵ@Ąǵ'Ķһ(g)؉Ȼփ(yu)L(fng)ھϲɑ(zhn)ٵ
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(1)˫@ٵԭʲô?
@͈(jin)g^֧˵wϣ֧˵ľ(jng)(yn)ʹ˫@ϣϵʥǻ۶ǿHеw֪R͙C(j)ǶǿHİ֧Լȡ@һεĄ
(2)ڃ(ni)ЌR~ʲôB(ti)?
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(3)wʥ˵ă(ni)Ī(d)ՄһՄ㌦ӡ
(jin)(qing)(zh)pԷŗ挦\(yn)۲ϵӲhӢ
ǺıࡰӲhӝhŵ]ЏΣU(xin)ĬF(xin)(sh)С˅s¸ҵؽܬF(xin)(sh);{Լ־(chung)ˬF(xin)(sh)AǷdz̕KKĄںĹPǂ(g)ҪԽO
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13fһf㌦˴@Ԓ@Ԓп˺ͺt֮gʲôP(gun)ϵ
14(x)(x)Ʒζһ¡tĹ(ji)@Ԓfһf@ӌʲô̎
15nI(y)
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c̰ ƪ3
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
֪R˽⺣ƷL(fng)
^̺ͷͨ^cĶԸ
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yc(din)
c(din)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)
yc(din)Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
̌W(xu)ӴO(sh)Ӌ(j)
һnr(sh)
̌W(xu)^̡
һnr(sh)45犣
һ(do)루2犣
һ(g)ҪMɾǴ@Ԓ҂ҪW(xu)(x)nġc҂ʲôӵܱ
֪Փ 8犣PPT
1ߺ
1899-1961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)磬^ɴ(zhn)۱w1954s@ZؐČW(xu)1961꣬겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)sϿy(tng)f]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹غĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ顰o(j)20o(j)֮һ
(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁij1926l(f)ġ̫@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ顰㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)ԡͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)ġc
L(fng)һԺQQ늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ɺw(jin)Ըһ(g)˲ҪoģMɾǴ
2P(gun)ڡc
20o(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴҡһ^RصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)1952l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪs@ZؐČW(xu)
c鹝(ji)(f)sһ(g)ɣϝOBm(x)84]һl~(d)һ˳Th(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;һll~m(x)ρMˊ^ƴ߀Ǜ]ܵ֓ס~M(jn)صr(sh)R~ֻʣһĹǼܡ
Y(ji)(gu)Ԣ⣨30犣
1Сf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^ʲô _傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~
2c~傀(g)غõЩY(ji)˵wrR~ӣ СMʽҳ𰸣 һ(g)غϣ~棨GKӣࣩ ܂ R~Ե40 ڶ(g)غϣӣg ւ(yn)أѪ ~Եķ֮һ (g)غϣӣ۔ࣩ Ă(g)غϣ̹ ʹÅ 낀(g)ӱҧ 傀(g)غϣ̹Gѣۣ Oƣֱ^⣩ Hʣ
3ĶпԿӵƷ|(zh)˞ʲôfһ(g)˲ҪoġMɰɾǴ
_@Ԓɣă(ni)Ī(d)ףҲСfĺľӵؽʾɣă(ni)Ҳߺ˼^cr(ji)ֵ^ķӳ@ԒζʹNJ^c\(yn)иĿ?fn)mȻRNNȻc(zhn)ҲS@Щ(zhn)(qing)˵wһ(g)ֻҪʢĶ־κDyU(xin)ǰľ˾h(yun)DŽߡСfеϝOɣmȻK]ܱסR~c~^УF(xin)ocȵʧ˵(yn)ǾϵĄ
4^гF(xin)˺ܶચ(d)еĪ(d)ʲôc(din)?ʲôã
_ijP(gun)ϝOɣc~茑߀дă(ni)Ī(d)ףҌ(sh)ӛɣă(ni)ĻںƯ'@đB(ti)ͨ^(lin)ķʽ挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼cܡ@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹ǃ(ni)ĵԺ(jin)ԼԮĹª(d)УWqSSСf˼룬(gu)СfҪɫСfеӲhӶǡţZȱ˼ϝOɣsSă(ni)Ј(jin)(qing)ԣ˼֧Єӵ˳ɞ麣Сfп̮ɹ֮һ
5п֪ˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~MM(fi)M¸ҲKĽY(ji)õąsһJ(rn)dzɹ߀ʧ
_@һcȻ@Ąǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)oȵʧǣһNxρfһ(g)?yn)\(yn)oՓôD^ĭh(hun){ԼǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧһ(g)ʧӢ@һ(g)ӲhӡСfеĴ~ccȻc֮M(jn)еУF(xin)˟ocȵʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼
6 @HHc~ĶСfʲôζ _}ĿǡcϣСfnjһλ˼ںϵĽ(jng)v(sh)H˵O߸ѽ(jng)Խһ(g)˵ĴɞһNɣǡӲhĴt_~t҂?ni)еĴ\(yn)˵һһL(fng)혣(jng)vL(fng)Ҋʺ·;Уɱ҂Ҫ\(yn)ϣֻн(jng)vc~^ܳɞ鏊(qing)ĸ衣@һcȻ@Ąǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)oȵʧǣһNxρfһ(g)ߡ?yn)\(yn)oՓôD^ĭh(hun){ԼǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧߣһ(g)ʧӢ@һ(g)Ӳhӡǵ͵ĺʽСf20o(j)30Ժl(f)һЩƪСf茑һЩȭţʿC˵@ЩһN۲ϡ(jin)(qing)挦ġӲhӡԸcɣ@NԸİl(f)չcAСfеĴ~ccȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼
7˂QƷС늈(bo)ʽL(fng)ڱУ@Nc(din)ЩwF(xin)
_
1Y(ji)(gu)ϵĆμٵ鹝(ji)֦˹ԸһrֱӳֻϝOɣһ(g)鹝(ji)ҲҪLJ@R~IJ@Լ˶c~֮gIJ^μ(jng)cԭM(jn)˃ɰٶεУԼfcԌһǧôLСfдfеÿ(g)Լô\ӳܽӵһ^̡Ȼе٘ZhȥЄeˌ^Ė|hȥ˽ӑՓhՓIJȥһлGGı˺oʹСfμС
2ʹ^茑ַ^ʹ~eAoMֱˮ(dng)?sh)ĔrČԒӺ̣ZR(zhn)_ɣ@һr(sh)ĹPҪ挍(sh)ӵ٬F(xin)c~Ĉ~ā݃˵ijӭ(zhn)C(j)Cӱ猑~F(xin)(dng)һɰɫѪһӢĺȻɢ_ĕr(sh)͏ˮĵطZρεôʲôҲһ_{(ln)ɫˮӿF(xin)̫ꖹ¡@茑]һ(g)~~ăݣ΄ݵľoȅsչʾxǰϴĔֺͷ(f)NճZʹxR侳֮Ќ茑֫Eqһˮīɽˮxĕա
3rӵĄ茑ͺČԒڏĸXҕX|Xȥ̮cxߵľxs̵Һֱӱ¶ǰY(ji)ںΡѸٵĄN(yn)ȻĻߺČԒУxԼȥw猑c~Ĉ棺^~߭~^ϵĕr(sh) óǗl~Ƥ_`@N茑˵Ҋxx^һȻͬӵĸXͬ@ͬoͬϲxȥ猍(sh)ȡӡDcx֮gȥK¡ҪcxֱӜͨ@Ҳ@ƪСfĈ茑ĵһ(g)Ҫԭ
4һN⾳(jng)Աɽ(chung)f(chung)Ҫϵıɽ˷֮һ¶棬˷֮ߑ(yng)ԓ[ˮ¶ˮ[ˮµ˼ԽrԽʹˮ¡IJ韴߀ַʹƷN(yn)
I(y)á2犣
nxġc300ҵĸ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)3犣
Ӳh _ ~ ۶\(yn)
c̰ ƪ4
O(sh)Ӌ(j)
O(sh)Ӌ(j)˞鱾x鱾(do)W(xu)M(jn)Ђ(g)Իxxw(yn)иıʹW(xu)ڽӑՓУԼĿԼДfԼϲg羴ͬȸܡLԇ\(yn)xY(ji)ϡxY(ji)ϵČW(xu)(x)ʽ(do)W(xu)M(jn)̽w(yn)ľʹW(xu)cHl(f)W(xu)a(chn)cȻ(yng)ԓC̎Ըný̌W(xu)^̾Ŭ챾ɫZĵ^̡
A(y)O(sh)̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1W(xu)(x)8(g)_x⡰ɡ(ji)V١֓P(yng)DS~Z
2иxnct֮gĸ
3ץסnĵc(din)~䣬wӵ˼Ħΰct֮gĸ錑wġ
4l(f)W(xu)a(chn)cȻ(yng)ԓC̎Ը
nr(sh)š nr(sh)
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һnr(sh)
xnc(din)W(xu)(x)113Σˌto˽Đ
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ڶnr(sh)
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A(y)O(sh)̌W(xu)̡
һ(f)(x)(do)䁉|
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(x)x1419Σwtyyֵ
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1Ոoox1419ΣŘеľӡ
2⣬Еr(sh)o҂@ϲ@o҂ǸЄՈxx@ЩԒtЩeЄӛ̖(f)xlx҂
3Ʒx̎c(din)
AһȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQ˄cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô¡
ץסһӡ@(g)~ZxY(ji)wtȥ֮ʹ
1)˕r(sh)һӵĽʲôӵ˻ʹ^˻ɤ@ʧԹС˻D(zhun) ࣩ
2)һӵ˄ʲôӵ ١ŏŁyٱPһԵ^D(zhun)o^nωײ
3)ʲôcƽr(sh)һָ(do)xƽr(sh)һӵĽ˄ǰl(f)ʲôՈfftf@һʲôʧȥHʧȥ˿ɽ]ˣ
4x҂@һӆ
BtȄӳ݆wzǰĿУǰհzݵH١^һtzǰվ˃СCǞ`İʹ
ץסCӡ݆w~Zxwt˵ľ֮顣
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2)ġ١ܿʲô
3)վɃCӡ@η·ʲôӵĈ
4)x@Ԓ
C(dng)҂òȥzĕr(sh)tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@ƬwӵİɫuÓ
ץס䡱@(g)~ZxY(ji)wt挦ȥʹʧH˰
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2)ăɂ(g)䡱ʲô
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4w֪teߵtă(ni)
1ͬW(xu)ȥt'e҂ÿ(g)˵`҂ٴwtıF(xin)ʾ@Ԓ䘷Rx
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٣ҵH˰e҂҂ôkǜI
ڣڼϢԓðڼϢͲ
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W(xu)ޡ
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l(f)cC̎Ը
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@һλͨ˵~ЅǑc㣬һλͨݹooŮ1995ݹYֻ308Kct֮gl(f)S벻˷Qtˡ(j)f(dng)Їһ(g)ͨ~Ұڹ@^һ
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Y(ji)ͬW(xu)ゃѽ(jng)ct˵Ă֮̎o(h)˺t@(chung)tCľԲ˺tӱĻ؈(bo)֮顣҂@ȥ߅ССȥ(chung)cgĺCÿ(g)ͬW(xu)жԼĴ
c̰ ƪ5
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n(j)ͨZn̘(bio)(zhn)((sh)(yn))n̘(bio)(zhn)ᵽZṉ횰l(f)]ă(yu)ʹW(xu)ܵ(yu)ĻѬγɽõк͊^l(f)ϵB(ti)M(jn)ñ(ni)cW(xu)L(lin)ϵ(do)W(xu)J(rn)RJ(rn)RҎ(gu)(sh)F(xin)nڴM(jn)˵ȫl(f)չăr(ji)ֵ
W(xu)
߶W(xu)ܱ^İ̌W(xu)ǰMW(xu)ԼһЩnY܌ƷL(fng)һ˽;mȻǹ(ji)xȻĽW(xu)бMܵСf}j(lu)c~^傀(g)غ;ijMζW(xu)醚v^ԑ(yng)ԓ(lin)ϵ(sh)H
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2W(xu)(x)\(yn)÷r(ni)Ī(d)ȿ̮ˇg(sh)ֶ
3W(xu)(x)xַ\(yn)
БB(ti)Ⱥ̓r(ji)ֵ^
1W(xu)W(xu)ֱۣW(xu)(jin)(qing)¸ҡԗľ
2eOϵĘ^^
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1Сf鹝(ji)
һ(g)һƬ~ںϵʲôӵĹ°l(f)?
ՈW(xu)СfҪ(ni)
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ᆖСf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^?ʲô?
W(xu)ش傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~
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ᆖc~^傀(g)غУõЩ?Y(ji)?˵wr?R~r?
W(xu)ش
һ(g)غϣ~(G)K()܂R~Ե40
ڶ(g)غϣ(g)ւ(yn)~Եķ֮һ
(g)غϣ(g)()Ѫ낀(g)ӱҧ
Ă(g)غϣ̹ʹÅ
傀(g)غϣ̹(G)()OƣHʣ
̎a(b)䣺
ͨ^ϱ^҂Կˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~MM(fi)M⣬¸ҲKĽY(ji)֣õąsһf˳ɹfʧJ(rn)˵ʧ߀dzɹ?
W(xu)ӑՓشl(f)]
̎_
ʧ^sһo@;ɹߣڲ(zhn)(zhn)ϵĄߡ
ᆖСf鹝(ji)˵Ը?
W(xu)ӑՓش𣺈(jin)(qing)¸oη挦ʹӲhӵ
2̮ˇg(sh)ֶ
Сf˷r̓(ni)Ī(d)ˇg(sh)ֶʹ˵SȻ
ᆖW(xu)ҳ~茑
شٶȿX`ӏ(qing)(zhn)
ᆖ˾(x)茑~к?
ش𣺃ߌr˵¸ҡǻ
̎a(b)䣺Ξ鷴rڌ֮(qing)wԸ֮(qing)ڸf^˸Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ֻнì܌Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ȲܺСfٵطO茑~ĶrгɣĄB(qing)
ᆖÿһβ֮Сf˵@к?
ش𣺑(zhn)֮һN_o(sh)茑˿˵ă(ni)(jin)^K(zhn)Լի@ʳ
3ҪZ
һ(g)˲ҪoMɰɾǴ
@˵һλغ֮ă(ni)Ī(d)ҲǴСfĺľwF(xin)ɣԒԷ֞ɲցǰV҂Ȼc(dng)زҪRһЩĥy@Щĥyȫ|w@Ĵ挦ֻۣҪһN^ľһw(jin)(qing)`ô(zh)^ľĥ硣
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5̎СY(ji)
܉һеIJǏ(qing)ߣһ˲ď(qing)ԣ㑪(yng)(dng)ȑ(zhn)Խҡ䌍(sh)ğȥʲôӵ߁Ҍʲôӵȥ҂ÿһ(g)˶иŬԘ^B(ti)ӭδ(zhn)
c̰ ƪ6
ct ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ(j)
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1иxnct֮gĸ顣
2ڸc֮g擴ͬr(sh)W(xu)(x)ΰ@N挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷe
̌W(xu)c(din)
(x)^ٶxnģץס茑B(ti)ZԼ茑tc(din)ZwN(yn)е飬Ħΰct֮gĸ錑w
nǰ(zhn)䣺
1ռP(gun)ڡtˡǑcY
̌W(xu)^̣
һW(xu)(x)߆Ԫ(do)x_W(xu)(x)Ҫ
(do)n
Ƭ(do)룺 nʾǑc˵Ƭ
ͬW(xu)ώo?gu)һƬՈĻƬϵ˽oµijӡʲô
@λ˾һλͨͨݹЅǑcǑc˱HеطQ֮顰tˡͺt֮gĹڸýw(bo)Єǧǧff҂߽Ǒcˣȥͺt֮g
w֪
1ָxģ߳~ϵK
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3شnҪ(ni)
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1톖}
Щطwct֮gP(gun)ZffIJ
2W(xu)Ȧc(din)СM
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ʲôo@ôĄˌto˽Đۡ
ڡ˰ɶСĵطں߅ć_һtȺwһƪɫĘV
c(din)ץסСġ_һߡ@ׂ(g)~⡣@ιtһ(g)(x)(ji)茑@οԿιtĄô죬ͺt֮gôĬôC
ۡںtĽ֓P(yng)Dسʲô(c)A ԭHǵ׃{(dio)ĵطԒ(d)_^t족ɳ
ôڿwôຣtһһ@҂ܵһλ˺tHteĐ
_ţct֮gӵČԒ
ץסò茑ѽ(jng)һɫ^r(sh)¡wڃso˽،tĸ@ԴˌtĐ
^Z@һ(g)ͨһ(g)ۺtѽ(jng)˰VԵij̶еĸ鶼ںt҂ٿһҸôõĮgõᅡô̕@õĮҲȥˣ@µ`һƬ(dng)@ƬF(xin)ں߅r(sh)벻°l(f)ˣwt˵У
ݺtȄӳ݆wzǰĿУǰհzݵH
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ġ١һ~Ҹܵ˺tǷN]е
^һtzǰվ˃СCǞ`İʹ
ġһ~w@ôຣtЄһƺlڟoָ]վ˃СCӡʹ˺t˵۴˵һƬָ(do)W(xu)xx@Ԓ
벻l(f)ˡһȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQУˑB(ti)cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô
tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@ƬwӵİɫuÓǷáwQ
?yn)麣tRҪeˣϣֹ҂zϣٶһϣ˵zͣһá䡱^wF(xin)tǷNʹǷNoǷN]ָ(do)x
c̰ ƪ7
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
(do)W(xu)xСfҪ(ni)ݣY˽⺣ƷL(fng)
B(yng)\(yn){⡢ǻD^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>
̌W(xu)c(din)yc(din)
̌W(xu)c(din)
(do)W(xu)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)
B(yng)\(yn){ǻD^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>
̌W(xu)yc(din)
Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
̌W(xu)(ni)ݼE
һߺ
һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CLqM(jn)(bo)^ɴ(zhn)۱ws@ZؐČW(xu)겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һ`ur(ji)sϿy(tng)f]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹ءĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^Ӱ푡Q鱾o(j)o(j)֮һ
(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁijǣl(f)ġ̫@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)ԾͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)ġc
L(fng)һԺQQ늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ˣɺw(jin)Ըһ(g)˲ҪoMɾǴ
P(gun)ڡc
ǣo(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴһ^RˡصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪs@ZؐČW(xu)
c̰ ƪ8
nķ
nġctvһ(g)˵ĹʮǰںżһȺwԽļttĴctY(ji)˲֮ÿ궬RtȺY(ji)(du)֮ҲssƵģÿ쵽֮ȥιtL(fng)oҕt郺Ůoιĺtö֮tc˽Y(ji)xȻһȥt˵zǰwPBQУCǞ`ġŮx_ԼHnĽY(ji)(gu)ɷ֞ɴǰ벿ͨ^ιtt֡ctHеfԒF(xin)ˌto˽Đһքtͨ^tzǰwPCQеȱѮչʾ˺t˵ǷnZԘ㌍(sh)ƽаx^˟oc@擴ĸݡ
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1xиct֮g˽µ`
2W(xu)(x)茑t~ĶW(xu)J(rn)R`Եģ҂Hܵ҂κһݸ飬ܵõļӱ؈(bo)
3ͨ^W(xu)(x)nĵļ(x)(ji)茑W(xu)挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷe
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(x)^ٶxnץס茑tc(din)Z䣬wN(yn)еĦΰct֮gĸ錑wġ
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һp(do)롪ˌt
ͬW(xu)ͨ^һ(ji)nČW(xu)(x)ctSSһo̵ӡ҂һһ(ctC̎W(xu)^)
ʲô(W(xu)Մ)
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O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dpːۺtpːۺtl(f)W(xu)W(xu)(x)dȤʹW(xu)ܵ@һλͨݹͬr(sh)һλеĸ鶼ںt@Nct֮gyԸĝȾ¸˄Ҳڶnr(sh)wt˵xϵķP
Ԟ^顪t˵
1ɣ(dng)҂Ҷct@HCcҸ֮Еr(sh)һ(g)ҵϢˣʾPPTx]뵽^ʮȻ˸V҂ȥˡ
2r(sh)˂f^Ըf(dng)x_r(sh)ϣ܉zŴ߅ٿһġŮ˂zԸڰz߅r(sh)sl(f)һ벻飬ՈͬW(xu)x1519Ȼ߅x߅룬ЩЄcͬ
(1)xЄӵIJ
2g,ܵһNʲô?һ(g)~ݴ˕r(sh)˿̺t
tʲô@ӵ?
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D(do)W(xu)}xM(jn)W(xu)(g)ԻxW(xu)ԌW(xu)W(xu)wϸ֪nģ@óxw(yn)
3.˰Ѻt(dng)H,tҲˮ(dng)H,еЩطt˵H?
4.R(bo)
A(y)O(sh):
A.һȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQУ˄cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô
(1)(do)W(xu)ץסc(din)~ZһӡᆖtĽcʽcƽr(sh)ӵġһӡ
2ώゃĻش(dng)֪t˕r(sh)ǽʾPPTtBƺfʲô
3ͬW(xu)tһеĺ@Ӡ߀бlܰ@NXx
ҷһֻжֱĺtͬW(xu)҂һ@ԒxһxRx
ɣtwPBQС˅sʼKһӲtKףѽ(jng)h(yun)h(yun)xȥڴ߅?yu)eһ˵YЩط܉wF(xin)t˵һƬH˰
BtȄӳ݆wzǰĿУǰհzݵH
1ܵʲôĂ(g)~ܵ
2W(xu)fհհ˼հָĿһָ˵ǂˆW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)
3xt@NH˰Ĝ߀Ќ˵c۴ָx
C^һtأzǰվ˃CǞ`İʹ
1wʲôl(f)Ҋ
2ͬW(xu)]۾F(xin)һֻtõ\cףͽo˰ɣ]۾\
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ͬW(xu)ץסc(din)~w@ǺܺõČW(xu)(x)҂^m(x)
D(dng)҂òzĕr(sh)tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@ƬwӵİɫuÓ
1@һζֵôҺúwʾPPTlxһx@һ
Ոһx
2xѡ䡱xɡw(do)W(xu)ӑՓвW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)
3@ɡ䡱xr(sh)~Ҫ(f)ã_(d)벻ЧώЄˣ@ĽǶһԸSһֻֻt^γһӣɫu
@һ@Ą˞֮ݵYͬW(xu)xһx@xtһƬ
xՈ(g)wxՈur(ji)
xώѮ(dng)r(sh)ɏ挍(sh)Ƭһ(du)հ`r(sh)'ƬһǺt䡱^ȥƬʾPPT䱯Сx_һ졷ؽftվɃһӲӞ`ppغǰ]ЃŮ҂ăŮ҂?yu)`\˵zòtһеē^QУҪ@Ƭ҂ٿ҂Hһoς(g)ͬW(xu)ĕ҂һفиx1617ȻΡRx
5ͬW(xu)һʲôԭl(f)@ӵ벻R(bo)
?yn)ǰtI(xin)o˽ĐۣԲŕкt벻e@ӱѵĈ@҂˾ιB龰ʾιB棩x
ڗU߅߅ţtĹ(ji)ųһƬwİɫwһƪɫĘV
(ji)ࡱ`l֪(ji)cʲôP(gun)
ιtĹ(ji)ӵ
ιtĹ(ji)ҲǕr(sh)r(sh)
ιtʲôr(sh)r(sh)
˼ϿǺt˵Ĺ(ji)䣬(sh)tĹ(ji)߅߅ָx
tĶԵÿՈgxxx
tøԵøgՈgxxx
tԵĝMҲٶl@Ӂxxx
@ĺtwİɫVһƪ------ɫĘV
@ɫĘV ʲô
˺t߀ ʲô
ゃַ·Ҋʲô
ゃô࣬ ôܵô࣬ܲܰ@ԒxһxԼlxָx
ʮÿ궬RL(fng)oŮһctSͬV@ĸ衪W(xu)x׃QɵԊԡz?
^ɣһ֧ѽs׃һױİ裬RxһȻ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D
ZĽ̌W(xu)Ҫx鱾xռ^ex̌W(xu)x_鲢ïxֻ(ni)ǘӵx̌W(xu)ǚȱx̌W(xu)һҪҪxvxn茑tľӌ÷dzӂҲʮָˡ̌W(xu)ҕxwY(ji)ڌW(xu)Ʒζnĺmr(sh)ָ(do)W(xu)xe(do)W(xu)ؑF(xin)(sh)c˸er(sh)Ĉ(do)W(xu)wtʲô`Оʲôá䡱áwıcĽY(ji)ʹW(xu)wtxȻͨ^x¶ϲȡͬʽxxָxxxŮxِxRxW(xu)xdȤ_(d)xvxĿġ
ԒƷζctH
1:ǰ˵w߀ǺttҲ룬һ߀кööԒ˴˃AV҂һ@(g)Ըɣ
Ԓ
1һֻ(jng)ιB(yng)^ĺt挦HˡfЩʲô
2ؑcŮtһĻĻ挦ʹ^ĺtfЩʲô
2
O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dݴ˭h(hun)(ji)O(sh)Ӌ(j)(do)W(xu)eۺ\(yn)Z^BZĽ̌W(xu)wкăr(ji)ֵʹZnõġZζЩ(do)W(xu)ԽıAԼxw(yn)M(jn)һnּ(do)W(xu)nwc֮gõW(xu)xƷI(lng)Bͨ^ԽıxW(xu)׃ǻ׃
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1ô\Zô˵ct֮gŸЄ˺ܶܶ˂ڴ@ィһ(g)ܣʾPPTffMĘЦ܇tȻwôCĈͬW(xu)@λ҂ʥ(du)Y@λƽւ˱_(d)(du)Tߵľ⣡
2УһӐo(h)߀кܶ㣬д҂F(xin)ځ һ裺QĹ¡ϣ҂ÿ(g)˶P(gun)ۄ̈́ƽ̎ɣ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D
h(hun)(ji)Ľ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ(j)ʹW(xu)`x`A w(yn)`_(d)ڌW(xu)ZB(yng)γcl(f)չʹW(xu)ի@,˼ģµn_ʼµ̽
c̰ ƪ9
֪Rcܣ
1˽ҺƽcČW(xu)
2Ճ(ni)Ī(d)
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ڷ鹝(ji)^Ёɣ၆@λӲhҳă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)һ_ľSă(ni)
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W(xu)(x)ݔ?sh)B(qing)
̌W(xu)
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̌W(xu)(zhn)䣺
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Ҷ֪~һN͵ĄѪԵġˮħ@һ(g)龳һ죬㪚(d)һ{ںһl~ʮl~ô[W(xu)ش]Һġcһ(g)cʮl~(zhn)ʲôʹc֮(zhn)?҂́W(xu)(x)@ƪСf҂ի@S
ߺ顾nչʾ
18991961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)^ɴ(zhn)۱w1954s@ZؐČW(xu)1961겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)Ͽy(tng)ԣ]ǂ(g)˱Ⱥĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ顰o(j)20֮һ
¹šnչʾ
СfǹŰһλ(jng)ɣϝOɣ၆ѽ(jng)ʮδ~ڵڰʮһ(g)˳h(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;R~s~ԵĹ(ji)xҪc~龰СfRY(ji)βIJ֣ҲСf鹝(ji)l(f)չĸ߳
ģСf鹝(ji)
ȽoһЩʾҿԸ(j)ĻغĽY(ji)W(xu)ֽMңӑՓ_nչʾ
βY(ji)
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W(xu)Y(ji)Ϲ鹝(ji)(ni)Ī(d)˹W(xu)ӑՓ_nչʾ
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СfеĴ~ccȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵ⣬ʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼
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cl(f)ããϵĿƽֲƽĹ˂J(rn)_(sh)һÕһ˽KĺÕ?yn)o˂̫̫ʾô@ӵʾW(xu)ɰl(f)Մʾ
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