c̰ģ9ƪ
һλܳĽɱҪ̰̰̌W(xu)ƌW(xu)̰ҪôСġc̰9ƪgӭҽbcϣ
c̰ ƪ1
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1.˽⡶cƷĹ
2.Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը
3.?q)W(x)ϵǷN\(yn)Ȼ(zhn)ěQĺ
̌W(xu)c(din).
Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը
̌W(xu)yc(din)
(do)W(xu)w(hu)茑Ըϵ
nr(sh)
1nr(sh)
̌W(xu)^
һ(do)n
֪ˌƪֻЎʮ퓵СӶ@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)һ(hu)еyŵ@(sh)@(g)˾Ǻ@СӾǡcСfһ̈́(chung)ʷϿǰļo(j)䛣48Сr(sh)۳530fԣƷڮ(dng)ͫ@ߪ(jing)֫@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)
ߺ
(ʾƬ)һ(g)۴C~^һ(zhn)đ(zhn)^237KƬ^Ͽp^57?bio)ڷރɶwC(j)ʧ(yn)صXʎʹҕͽÿr@ǺĽ(jng)vӲhԸ
Ʒ
(ʾcDƬ)@ƪСf茑һλª(d)ĹŰϝOڼձȺ~ǰl(f)һϵ@Ą(dng)ǵĹĶһ(g)؉Ȼփ(yu)L(fng)ھϲɑ(zhn)ٵ
.}ӑ
(1)˫@ٵԭʲô?
@͈(jin)g^֧˵wϣ֧˵ľ(jng)(yn)ʹ˫@ϣϵʥǻ۶ǿHеw֪R(sh)͙C(j)ǶǿHİ֧Լȡ@һεĄ
(2)ڃ(ni)ЌR~ʲôB(ti)?
R~֎Čڌͬr(sh)֎oٝP(yng)Z⌑R~ĸcoxչʾcҏě]Ҋ^ߵĖ|ϵ܁ҺҲںllR~ˈ(jin)(qing)һ(g)ČֺˉĖ|
(3)w(hu)ʥ˵ă(ni)Ī(d)ՄһՄ㌦ӡ
(jin)(qing)(zh)pԷŗ挦\(yn)۲ϵӲhӢ
ǺıࡰӲhӝhŵ]ЏΣU(xin)ĬF(xin)(sh)С˅s¸ҵؽܬF(xin)(sh);{Լ־(chung)ˬF(xin)(sh)AǷdz̕KKĄںĹPǂ(g)ҪԽO
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cL(fng)mȻsǧNٟľ˹ʥ粻\(yn)ܹª(d)įľߌ\(yn)ԔC
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һЩ n
O(sh)Ӌ(j)
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c̰ ƪ2
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1J(rn)R(sh)nĵ8(g)֣_x~
2иxnbԼϲgĶ
3Ʒζnĵă(yu)ZcBĝH
c(din)
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nСڰ
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1ᆖϲgtҊ^tlffԼϲgĺtʲôӵ
2Mչʾ(do)fԒ
3҂W(xu)(x)һƪP(gun)ڡ˺ͺtĹn}
(do)|(zh)ָ(do)ԌW(xu)
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6СMȫR(bo)xһxЄ(dng)Ķ
7W(xu)ֹ(ji)x
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9xúõĶм(x)w(hu)һеĸ
10ľӄJ(rn)c(din)ľӻ䄝СMһоо
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13fһf㌦˴@Ԓ@Ԓп˺ͺt֮gʲôP(gun)ϵ
14(x)(x)Ʒζһ¡tĹ(ji)@Ԓfһf@ӌʲô̎
15nI(y)
̌W(xu)˼ƪnĵc(din)(do)W(xu)ץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԼ茑t(dng)c(din)Z䣬w(hu)N(yn)е顣̌W(xu)Ҫ،W(xu)(d)صxw(yn)˼SײиˌtĐۼt؈(bo)˵Đ(do)w(hu)ͬr(sh)ҪC(j)ָ(do)W(xu)xP(gun)ľӺͶfxҪЙC(j)Y(ji)ϣxwF(xin)M(jn)x
c̰ ƪ3
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
֪R(sh)˽⺣ƷL(fng)
^̺ͷͨ^cĶԸ
БB(ti)cr(ji)ֵ^B(yng)\(yn){ǻD^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>
yc(din)
c(din)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)
yc(din)Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
̌W(xu)ӴO(sh)Ӌ(j)
һnr(sh)
̌W(xu)^̡
һnr(sh)45犣
һ(do)루2犣
һ(g)ҪMɾǴ@Ԓ҂ҪW(xu)(x)nġc҂ʲôӵܱ
֪Փ 8犣PPT
1ߺ
1899-1961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)磬^ɴ(zhn)۱w1954s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)1961겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)sϿy(tng)f]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹غĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ顰o(j)20o(j)֮һ
(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁij1926l(f)ġ̫@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ顰㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)ԡͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)ġc
L(fng)һԺQQ늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆͡úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ɺw(jin)Ըһ(g)˲ҪoMɾǴ
2P(gun)ڡc
20o(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴҡһ^RصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)1952l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪ(jing)s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)
c鹝(ji)(f)sһ(g)ɣϝOBm(x)84]һl~(d)һ˳Th(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;һll~m(x)ρMˊ^ƴ߀Ǜ]ܵ֓ס~M(jn)صr(sh)R~ֻʣһĹǼ
Y(ji)(gu)Ԣ⣨30犣
1Сf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^ʲô _傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~
2c~傀(g)غõЩY(ji)˵wrR~ СMʽҳ𰸣 һ(g)غϣ~棨GKӣࣩ ܂ R~Ե40 ڶ(g)غϣӣg ւ(yn)أѪ ~Եķ֮һ (g)غϣӣ۔ࣩ Ă(g)غϣ̹ ʹÅ 낀(g)ӱҧ 傀(g)غϣ̹Gѣۣ Oƣֱ^⣩ Hʣ
3ĶпԿӵƷ|(zh)˞ʲôfһ(g)˲ҪoġMɰɾǴ
_@Ԓɣă(ni)Ī(d)ҲСfĺľ(dng)ؽʾɣă(ni)Ҳߺ˼^cr(ji)ֵ^ķӳ@ԒζʹNJ^c\(yn)иĿ?fn)mȻRNNȻc(hu)(zhn)ҲS@Щ(zhn)(qing)˵wһ(g)ֻҪʢĶ־κDyU(xin)ǰľ˾h(yun)DŽСfеϝOɣmȻK]ܱסR~c~^F(xin)ocȵʧ˵(yn)ǾϵĄ
4^гF(xin)˺ܶચ(d)еĪ(d)ʲôc(din)?ʲô
_ijP(gun)ϝOɣc~茑߀дă(ni)Ī(d)Ҍ(sh)ӛɣă(ni)Ļ(dng)ںƯ@đB(ti)ͨ^(lin)ķʽ挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼c@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹ǃ(ni)ĵԺС(jin)ԼԮĹª(d)WqSʣSСf˼(gu)СfҪɫСfеӲhӶǡţZȱ˼ϝOɣsSă(ni)磬Ј(jin)(qing)˼֧Є(dng)˳ɞ麣Сfп̮ɹ֮һ
5п֪ˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~ǣMM(fi)M¸ҲKĽY(ji)֣õąsһJ(rn)dzɹ߀ʧ
_@һcȻ@Ą(dng)ǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)oȵʧǣһNxρfһ(g)?yn)飬\(yn)oՓôD^ĭh(hun){Լ⡢ǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧһ(g)ʧӢ@һ(g)ӲhӡСfеĴ~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵ⣬ʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼
6 @HHc~ĶСfʲôζ _}ĿǡcϣСfnjһλ˼ںϵĽ(jng)v(sh)H˵O߸ԣѽ(jng)Խһ(g)˵ĴɞһNɣǡӲhĴt_(ti)~t҂?ni)еĴ\(yn)˵һһL(fng)(jng)vL(fng)꣬Ҋʺ·;ɱ҂Ҫۣ\(yn)ֻн(jng)vc~^ܳɞ鏊(qing)ĸ@һcȻ@Ą(dng)ǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)oȵʧһNxρfһ(g)?yn)\(yn)oՓôD^ĭh(hun){Լ⡢ǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧߣһ(g)ʧӢۡ@һ(g)Ӳhӡǵ͵ĺʽСf20o(j)30Ժl(f)һЩƪСf茑һЩȭţʿC˵@ЩϣһN۲(jin)(qing)挦ġӲhӡԸcɣ@NԸİl(f)չcAСfеĴ~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼롣
7˂QƷС늈(bo)ʽL(fng)ڱ@Nc(din)ЩwF(xin)
_
1Y(ji)(gu)ϵĆμԣٵ鹝(ji)֦˹ԸһrֱӳֻϝOɣһ(g)鹝(ji)ҲҪLJ@R~IJ@Լ˶c~֮gIJ^μ(jng)cԭM(jn)˃ɰٶεУԼfcԌһǧôLСfдfеÿ(g)Լô\ӳܽӵһ^̡Ȼе٘ZhȥЄeˌ^Ė|hȥ˽ጡӑՓhՓIJȥһлGGı˺oʹСfμ
2ʹ^茑ַ^ʹ~eAoMֱˮ(dng)?sh)Ĕ?dng)rČԒӺZR(zhn)_(dng)ɣ@һr(sh)ĹPҪ挍(sh)(dng)٬F(xin)c~Ĉ~ā݃˵ijӭ(zhn)C(j)Cݣ(dng)猑~F(xin)(dng)һɰɫѪһӢĺȻɢ_ĕr(sh)͏ˮĵطZρεôʲôҲһ_{(ln)ɫˮӿF(xin)̫ꖹ@茑]һ(g)~~ă͡΄ݵľoȅsչʾxǰϴĔֺͷ(f)NճZʹxR侳֮Ќ茑֫Eqһˮīɽˮxĕ
3r(dng)Ą(dng)茑ͺČԒڏĸXҕX|Xȥ̮cxߵľxs̵Һֱӱ¶ǰY(ji)ںΡѸٵĄ(dng)N(yn)ȻĻߺČԒxԼȥw(hu)猑c~Ĉ棺^~߭~^ϵĕr(sh) óǗl~Ƥ_`@N茑˵Ҋxx(hu)^һȻͬӵĸXͬ@ͬoͬϲxȥ猍(sh)ȡӡDcx֮gȥK¡ҪcxֱӜͨ@Ҳ@ƪСfĈ茑ĵһ(g)Ҫԭ
4һN⾳(jng)Աɽ(chung)f(chung)Ҫϵıɽ˷֮һ¶˷֮ߑ(yng)ԓ[ˮ¡¶ˮ[ˮµ˼ԽrԽ⣬ʹˮ¡IJ韴߀ַʹƷN(yn)
I(y)á2犣
nxġc300ҵĸ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)3犣
Ӳh _(ti) ~ ۶\(yn)
c̰ ƪ4
O(sh)Ӌ(j)
O(sh)Ӌ(j)˞鱾x鱾(do)W(xu)M(jn)Ђ(g)Իxxw(yn)иıʹW(xu)ڽӑՓԼĿԼДfԼϲg羴ͬȸܡLԇ\(yn)xY(ji)xY(ji)ϵČW(xu)(x)ʽ(do)W(xu)M(jn)̽w(yn)ľ磬ʹW(xu)c(dng)Hl(f)W(xu)a(chn)cȻ(yng)ԓC̎Ըný̌W(xu)^̾Ŭ챾ɫZĵ^̡
A(y)O(sh)̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1W(xu)(x)8(g)_x⡰(ji)V顢֓P(yng)DS~Z
2иxnct֮gĸ顣
3ץסnĵc(din)~w(hu)ӵ˼Ħΰct֮gĸ錑w
4l(f)W(xu)a(chn)cȻ(yng)ԓC̎Ը
nr(sh)š nr(sh)
̌W(xu)c(din)
(x)^ٶxnץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԼ茑t(dng)c(din)Zw(hu)N(yn)е飬Ħΰct֮gĸ錑w
һnr(sh)
xnc(din)W(xu)(x)113ˌto˽Đۡ
̌W(xu)^
ڶnr(sh)
Ʒx1419Σܺt˵l(f)cȻC̎Ը
A(y)O(sh)̌W(xu)̡
һ(f)(x)(do)䁉|
°S(do)룺ͬW(xu)Ϲ(ji)n҂xˡct@ƪnģW(xu)(x)113Ȼˌt֮ctSSһo̵ӡF(xin)ՈooҕS@(g)~Z澏nă(ni)ff·ڸʲô
(x)x1419w(hu)tyyֵ
^ɣǰʮڵĵطt(hu)SwһƪɫĘV@һעĿL(fng)@һϵL(fng)@һyL(fng)ȻҊ˵ʮȥˡ(dng)҂˵zŴ߅һ벻l(f)
1Ոoox1419ΣŘеľ
2Еr(sh)o҂@ϲ@o҂ǸЄ(dng)Ոxx@ЩԒtЩe(dng)Є(dng)ӛ̖(ho)(f)xlx(dng)҂
3Ʒx̎c(din)ӡ
AһȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQ˄cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô
ץסһӡ@(g)~ZxY(ji)w(hu)tȥ֮ʹ
1)˕r(sh)һӵĽ(hu)ʲôӵ˻ʹ^˻ɤ@ʧԹС˻D(zhun)(dng) ࣩ
2)һӵ˄ʲôӵģ ŏŁyٱPһԵ^D(zhun)o^nωײ
3)ʲôcƽr(sh)һָ(do)xƽr(sh)һӵĽ˄ǰl(f)ʲôՈfftf@һʲôʧȥHʧȥ˿ɽ]ˣ
4x҂@һӆ
BtȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵH١^һ(hu)tzǰվ˃C(dng)Ǟ`İʹ
ץסC(dng)݆w~Zxw(hu)t˵ľ֮
1)Ă(g)~w(hu)t˵һƬ⡰հ
2)ġ١ܿʲô
3)վɃC(dng)@η·ʲôӵĈ
4)x@Ԓ
C(dng)҂òȥzĕr(sh)tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@Ƭw(dng)İɫuÓ
ץס䡱@(g)~ZxY(ji)w(hu)t挦ȥʹʧH˰
1)ըˠIƵē^@ӵһNģ
2)ăɂ(g)䡱ʲô
3)@Ƭw(dng)İɫuָʲô
4w֪te(dng)ߵtă(ni)
1ͬW(xu)ȥte(dng)҂ÿ(g)˵`҂ٴw(hu)tıF(xin)ʾ@Ԓ䘷Rx
2˕r(sh)˿̣еһֻt挦˵zķwPBQУC(dng)ըˠIē䣬_(d)ӵVf(hu)fЩʲôՈso(dng)PҪfԒZ
٣ҵH˰e҂҂ôkǜI
ڣڼϢԓðڼϢͲ(hu)
ۣxx҂ôs؈(bo)ֻfxxһ(hu)⣩
W(xu)ޡ
mȻ]f҂ ҪfԒ
?yn)tԲкtӱĻ؈(bo)֮
ゃĺһһԊ@ǡtw̎Ԋ@Ԋ}Ŀʲôۡ
l(f)c(dng)C̎Ը
1ؑ(yng)һnr(sh)Ć}얹nĵ
x_tȺȻPڿ҂Щʲôأ߀ӛϹ(ji)n_nr(sh)ώʬF(xin)^@һԒʾ棩
@һλͨ˵~ЅǑcһλͨݹooŮ1995ݹYֻ308Kct֮gl(f)S벻飬˷Qtˡ(j)f(dng)Їһ(g)ͨ~Ұڹ@^һ
@F(xin)Ոxx@Ԓһ(hu)вһӵĸ
2@ѽ(jng)[Ń@(hu)@(g)~}һʲôԒ
Y(ji)ͬW(xu)ゃѽ(jng)ct˵Ă֮̎o(h)˺t@飬(chung)tCľԲ˺tӱĻ؈(bo)֮҂@ȥ߅С(dng)Сȥ(chung)c(dng)gĺCÿ(g)ͬW(xu)жԼĴ
c̰ ƪ5
һn(bio)Ҫ
n(j)ͨZn̘(bio)(zhn)((sh)(yn))n̘(bio)(zhn)ᵽZṉ횰l(f)]ă(yu)ʹW(xu)ܵ(yu)ĻѬգγɽõк͊^l(f)ϵB(ti)ȣM(jn)ñ(ni)cW(xu)L(lin)ϵ(do)W(xu)J(rn)R(sh)(hu)J(rn)R(sh)ҡҎ(gu)(sh)F(xin)nڴM(jn)˵ȫl(f)չăr(ji)ֵ
W(xu)
ȣ߶W(xu)ܱ^İ̌W(xu)ǰMW(xu)Լ(dng)һЩnY܌ƷL(fng)һ˽;ΣmȻǹ(ji)xȻĽW(xu)бMܵСf}j(lu)c~^傀(g)غ;ijMζW(xu)醚v^Σԑ(yng)ԓ(lin)ϵ(sh)H
SĿ(bio)
֪R(sh)˽⺣ԼČL(fng)
^̺ͷ
1Сf}j(lu)្}
2W(xu)(x)\(yn)÷r(ni)Ī(d)ȿ̮ˇg(sh)ֶ
3W(xu)(x)xַ\(yn)
БB(ti)Ⱥ̓r(ji)ֵ^
1W(xu)W(xu)(hu)ֱW(xu)(hu)(jin)(qing)¸ԗľ
2eOϵĘ^^
̌W(xu)c(din)СfҪ(ni)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)н̌W(xu)yc(din)Сfζ
nr(sh)ţһnr(sh)
̌W(xu)СMW(xu)(x)ԒW(xu)(x)
̌W(xu)
1Сf鹝(ji)
һ(g)һƬ~ںϵʲôӵĹ°l(f)?
ՈW(xu)СfҪ(ni)
ϝOɣ{ںBm(x)84DžsBһl~Ҳ]ڄeĝO˛Q85γȥԼ\(yn)֮ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;һll~m(x)ρMˊ^ƴ߀Ǜ]ܵ֓ס~M(jn)صr(sh)R~ֻʣĹ(ji)xľǏ~F(xin)˻صO۵IJ
ᆖСf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^?ʲô?
W(xu)ش傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~
̎a(b)䣺һǹª(d)һǏ(qing)ğo(sh)~һһǏ(qing)^l(hu)?
ᆖc~^傀(g)غУõЩ?Y(ji)?˵wr?R~r?
W(xu)ش
һ(g)غϣ~(G)K()܂R~Ե40
ڶ(g)غϣ(g)ւ(yn)~Եķ֮һ
(g)غϣ(g)()Ѫ낀(g)ӱҧ
Ă(g)غϣ̹ʹÅ
傀(g)غϣ̹(G)()OƣHʣ
̎a(b)䣺
ͨ^ϱ^҂Կˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~MM(fi)M¸ҲKĽY(ji)õąsһf˳ɹfʧJ(rn)˵ʧ߀dzɹ?
W(xu)ӑՓشl(f)]
̎_
ʧߣ^sһo@;ɹڲ(zhn)У(zhn)ϵĄߡ
ᆖСf鹝(ji)˵Ը?
W(xu)ӑՓش𣺈(jin)(qing)¸ҡoη挦ʹӲhӵ
2̮ˇg(sh)ֶ
Сf˷r̓(ni)Ī(d)ˇg(sh)ֶʹ˵SȻ
ᆖW(xu)ҳ~茑
شٶȿ졢X`ӏ(qing)(zhn)
ᆖ˾(x)茑~к?
ش𣺃ߌr˵¸ǻ
̎a(b)䣺Ξ鷴rڌ֮(qing)wԸ֮(qing)ڸf^˸Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ֻнì܌Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ȲܺСfٵطO茑~͡ĶrгɣĄB(qing)
ᆖÿһβ֮Сf˵@к?
ش𣺑(zhn)֮һN_o(sh)茑˿˵ă(ni)(jin)^ڣK(zhn)Լի@ʳ
3ҪZ
һ(g)˲ҪoģMɰɾǴ
@˵һλغ֮ă(ni)Ī(d)ףҲǴСfĺľwF(xin)ɣԒԷ֞ɲցǰV҂Ȼc(hu)(dng)زҪRһЩĥy@Щĥyȫ|w@Ĵԡ挦ֻۣҪһN^ľһw(jin)(qing)`ô(zh)^ľĥ硣
4x
}ĿǡcСfnjһλ˼ںϵĽ(jng)v(sh)H˵O߸ԣѽ(jng)Խһ(g)˵ĴɞһNɣǡӲhӡĴt;~t҂еġ(qing)\(yn)˵һһL(fng)(jng)vL(fng)Ҋʺ·;ɱ҂Ҫۣ\(yn)ֻн(jng)vc~^ܳɞ鏊(qing)ߣĸ
5̎СY(ji)
܉һеIJǏ(qing)һ˲ď(qing)㑪(yng)(dng)ȑ(zhn)ҡԽ䌍(sh)ңğȥʲôӵ߁Ҍʲôӵȥ҂ÿһ(g)˶иŬԘ^B(ti)ӭδ(zhn)
c̰ ƪ6
ct ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ(j)
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1иxnct֮gĸ顣
2ڸc(dng)֮g擴ͬr(sh)W(xu)(x)ΰ@N挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷeۡ
̌W(xu)c(din)
(x)^ٶxnģץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԼ茑t(dng)c(din)Z䣬w(hu)N(yn)еĦΰct֮gĸ錑w
nǰ(zhn)䣺
1ռP(gun)ڡtˡǑcYϡ
̌W(xu)^̣
һW(xu)(x)߆Ԫ(do)x_W(xu)(x)Ҫ
(do)n
Ƭ(do)룺 nʾǑc˵Ƭ
ͬW(xu)ώo?gu)һƬՈĻƬϵ˽oµijӡʲô
@λ˾һλͨͨݹЅǑcǑc˱HеطQ֮顰tˡͺt֮gĹڸýw(bo)Є(dng)ǧǧff҂߽Ǒcȥͺt֮g
w֪
1ָx߳~ϵK
2xnģ˼nĵҪ(ni)
3شnҪ(ni)
4СM(ni)A(y)(x)rQЩ}߀Щ}]нQ
Ʒx
1톖}
Щطw(hu)ct֮gP(gun)ZffIJ֡
2W(xu)Ȧc(din)СM
3R(bo)
١ÿ첽жʮijǽsֻ˽otͲͣt
ʲôo@ôĄ(dng)ˌto˽Đ
ڡ˰ɶСĵطں߅ćϣ_һtȺwһƪɫĘV
c(din)ץסСġ_һߡ@ׂ(g)~@ιtһ(g)(x)(ji)茑@οԿιtĄ(dng)ôͺt֮gôĬôC
ۡںtĽ֓P(yng)Dسʲô(c)A ԭHǵ׃{(dio)ĵطԒ(d)_^t족ɳ
ôڿwôຣtһһ@҂ܵһλ˺tHǣteĐۡ
_ţct֮gӵČԒ
ץסò茑ѽ(jng)һɫ^r(sh)¡w(hu)ڃso˽،tĸ@ԴˌtĐ
^Z@һ(g)ͨһ(g)ۺtѽ(jng)˰VԵij̶еĸ鶼ںtϣ҂ٿһҸôõĮgõᅡô̕@õĮҲȥ@µһƬ(dng)@ƬF(xin)ں߅r(sh)벻°l(f)ˣw(hu)t˵У
ݺtȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵH١
հ˺t˵ľ
ġ١һ~Ҹܵ˺tǷN]е
^һ(hu)tأzǰվ˃C(dng)Ǟ`İʹ
ġһ~w(hu)@ôຣtЄ(dng)һ£ƺlڟoָ]վ˃СC(dng)ʹ˺t˵۴˵һƬ顣ָ(do)W(xu)xx@Ԓ
벻l(f)ˡһȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQˑB(ti)cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô
tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@Ƭw(dng)İɫuÓǷáwQ
?yn)麣tR(sh)Ҫeϣֹ҂zϣٶһϣ˵zͣһ(hu)á䡱^wF(xin)tǷNʹǷNoǷNС]ָ(do)x
c̰ ƪ7
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
(do)W(xu)xСfҪ(ni)Y˽⺣ƷL(fng)
B(yng)\(yn){ǻD^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>
̌W(xu)c(din)yc(din)
̌W(xu)c(din)
(do)W(xu)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)
B(yng)\(yn){⡢ǻD^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>
̌W(xu)yc(din)
Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ
̌W(xu)(ni)ݼE
һߺ
һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CLqM(jn)(bo)^ɴ(zhn)۱ws@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)꣬겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)sϿy(tng)f]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹ءĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ鱾o(j)o(j)֮һ
(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁijǣl(f)ġ̫@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)ԾͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)ġc
L(fng)һԺQQ늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ɺw(jin)Ըһ(g)˲ҪoMɾǴ
P(gun)ڡc
ǣo(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴһ^RˡصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪ(jing)s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)
c̰ ƪ8
nķ
nġctvһ(g)˵ĹʮǰںżһȺwԽļttĴctY(ji)˲֮ÿ궬RtȺY(ji)(du)֮ϣҲss(hu)Ƶÿ쵽֮ȥιtL(fng)oҕt郺Ůoιĺtö֮tc˽Y(ji)xȻһȥt˵zǰwPBQC(dng)Ǟ`ġŮx_ԼHnĽY(ji)(gu)ɷ֞ɴǰ벿ͨ^ιttctHеfԒF(xin)ˌto˽Đһքtͨ^tzǰwPCQеȱѮ棬չʾ˺t˵ǷnZԘ㌍(sh)ƽаx^˟oc(dng)@擴ĸ(dng)
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1xиct֮g˽µ`ꡣ
2W(xu)(x)茑t(dng)~䣬ĶW(xu)J(rn)R(sh)(dng)`Ե҂Hܵѣ҂κһݸܵõļӱ؈(bo)
3ͨ^W(xu)(x)nĵļ(x)(ji)茑W(xu)(hu)挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷe
̌W(xu)c(din)
(x)^ٶxnģץס茑t(dng)c(din)Zw(hu)N(yn)е飬Ħΰct֮gĸ錑w
̌W(xu)^̣
һp(do)롪ˌt
ͬW(xu)ͨ^һ(ji)nČW(xu)(x)ctSSһo̵ӡ҂һһ(ctC̎W(xu)^)
ʲô(W(xu)Մ)
fһ(g)M~ZHctfHһӡ҂һM(jn)DŽ(dng)˵龰ǷݝHn}
O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dpːۺtpːۺtl(f)W(xu)W(xu)(x)dȤʹW(xu)ܵ@һλͨݹˣͬr(sh)һλеĸ鶼ںt@Nct֮gyԸĝȾ¸˄(dng)Ҳڶnr(sh)w(hu)t˵xϵķP
Ԟ^顪t˵
1ɣ(dng)҂Ҷct@HCcҸ֮Еr(sh)һ(g)ҵϢˣʾPPTx]뵽^ʮȻ˸V҂ȥˡ
2r(sh)˂f^Ըf(dng)x_r(sh)ϣ܉zŴ߅ٿһġŮ˂zԸڰz߅r(sh)sl(f)һ벻飬ՈͬW(xu)x1519Ȼ߅x߅룬ЩЄ(dng)cͬ
(1)xЄ(dng)IJ
2g,ܵһNʲô?һ(g)~ݴ˕r(sh)˿̺t
tʲô(hu)@ӵ?
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D(do)W(xu)}xM(jn)W(xu)(g)ԻxW(xu)ԌW(xu)W(xu)wϸ֪n@óxw(yn)
3.˰Ѻt(dng)H,tҲˮ(dng)H,еЩطt˵H?
4.R(bo)
A(y)O(sh):
A.һȺtͻȻw˵zwPBQ˄cƽr(sh)һӣǰl(f)ʲô
(1)(do)W(xu)ץסc(din)~ZһӡᆖtĽcʽcƽr(sh)(hu)ӵġһӡ
2ώゃĻش(dng)֪t˕r(sh)ǽʾPPTtBƺfʲô
3ͬW(xu)tһеĺ@Ӡ߀бlܰ@NXx
ҷһֻжֱĺtͬW(xu)҂һ@ԒxһxRx
ɣtwPBQС˅sʼKһ(dng)(dng)tKףѽ(jng)h(yun)h(yun)xȥڴ߅?yu)eһ˵YЩط܉wF(xin)t˵һƬH˰'أ
BtȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿУǰհzݵH
1ܵʲôĂ(g)~ܵ
2W(xu)fհհ˼հָĿһָ˵ǂˆW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)
3xt@NH˰Ĝ߀Ќ˵c۴ָx
C^һ(hu)tzǰվ˃СC(dng)Ǟ`İʹ
1w(hu)ʲôl(f)Ҋ
2ͬW(xu)]۾F(xin)һֻtõ\cףͽo˰ɣ]۾\
_ゃp@`r(sh)\ĸxиRx
3ʮǧ(g)ӣÿ춼һ˛]ڶ߀Ǜ]ֱĕr(sh)˲Ųۘǵ𣬮ιtιtĕr(sh)˵ӏ˹һӵĻ@3죬ֻһXúc(din)stˡ@һEeͬW(xu)ゃx16Ȼ茑tľӣώx茑˵ľӡ
ͬW(xu)ץסc(din)~w(hu)@ǺܺõČW(xu)(x)҂^m(x)
D(dng)҂òzĕr(sh)tըˠIƵijz^Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@Ƭw(dng)İɫuÓ
1@һζֵôҺúw(hu)ʾPPTlxһx@һΡ
Ոһx
2xѡ䡱xɡw(do)W(xu)ӑՓвW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)
3@ɡ䡱xr(sh)~Ҫ(f)(hu)_(d)벻ЧώЄ(dng)ˣ@ĽǶһԸSһֻֻt^γһӣɫu
@һ@Ą(dng)ǣ˞֮(dng)ݵYͬW(xu)xһx@xtһƬ
xՈ(g)wxՈur(ji)
x죬ώѮ(dng)r(sh)ɏ挍(sh)Ƭһ(du)հ`r(sh)ƬһǺt䡱^ȥƬʾPPT䱯Сx_һ졷ؽftվɃһ(dng)(dng)`ppغǰ]ЃŮ҂ăŮ҂?yu)`\˵zòˣtһеē^QУҪ@Ƭ҂ٿ҂Hһۣoς(g)ͬW(xu)ĕ҂һفиx1617ȻΡRx
5ͬW(xu)һʲôԭ(hu)l(f)@ӵ벻R(bo)
?yn)ǰtI(xin)o˽ĐۣԲŕ(hu)кt벻e(dng)@ӱѵĈ@҂˾ιB龰ʾιB棩x
ڗU߅߅tĹ(ji)ųһƬwİɫwһƪɫĘV
(ji)ࡱ`l֪(ji)cʲôP(gun)
ιtĹ(ji)ӵ
ιtĹ(ji)ҲǕr(sh)r(sh)
ιtʲôr(sh)r(sh)
˼ϿǺt˵Ĺ(ji)䣬(sh)tĹ(ji)߅߅ָx
tĶԵÿՈgxxx
tøԵøgՈgxxx
tԵĝMҲٶȣl@Ӂxxx
@ĺtwİɫVһƪ------ɫĘV
@ɫĘV ʲô
˺t߀ ʲô
ゃַ·Ҋʲô
ゃô ôܵôܲܰ@ԒxһxԼlxָx
ʮÿ궬RL(fng)oŮһctSͬV@ĸ衪W(xu)x׃QɵԊԡz?
^ɣһ֧ѽs׃һױİRxһȻΡ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D
ZĽ̌W(xu)Ҫx鱾xռ^ex̌W(xu)x_鲢ïxֻ(ni)ǘӵx̌W(xu)ǚȱx̌W(xu)һҪҪxvxn茑tľӌ÷dz(dng)Ҳʮָˡ̌W(xu)ҕ(hu)xw(hu)Y(ji)ڌW(xu)Ʒζnĺmr(sh)ָ(do)W(xu)xe(do)W(xu)ؑF(xin)(sh)c˸er(sh)Ĉ(do)W(xu)w(hu)tʲô`Оʲôá䡱áwıcĽY(ji)(hu)ʹW(xu)w(hu)txȻͨ^x¶ϲȡͬʽxxָxxxŮxِxRxW(xu)xdȤ_(d)xvxĿġ
ԒƷζctH
1:ǰ˵w߀ǺttҲһ߀кööԒ˴˃AV҂һ@(g)Ը
Ԓ
1һֻ(jng)ιB(yng)^ĺt挦Hˡˣ(hu)fЩʲô
2ؑcŮtһĻĻ挦ʹ^ĺt(hu)fЩʲô
2
O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dݴ˭h(hun)(ji)O(sh)Ӌ(j)(do)W(xu)⡢eۺ\(yn)Z^УBZĽ̌W(xu)w(hu)кăr(ji)ֵʹZnõġZζЩ(do)W(xu)ԽıAԼxw(yn)M(jn)һnּ(do)W(xu)nw(hu)c(dng)֮gõW(xu)xƷI(lng)Bͨ^ԽıxW(xu)׃ǻۡ׃
չAc(dng)C̎
1ô\Zԣô(dng)˵ct֮gŸЄ(dng)˺ܶܶˣ˂ڴ@ィһ(g)ܣʾPPTffMĘЦ܇tȻwôCĈ棡ͬW(xu)@λˣ҂ʥ(du)Y@λƽւ˱_(d)(du)Tߵľ
2һӐo(h)(dng)߀кܶ㣬д҂F(xin)ځ һ裺QĹ¡ϣ҂ÿ(g)˶P(gun)ۄ(dng)̈́(dng)ƽ̎ɣ
O(sh)Ӌ(j)D
h(hun)(ji)Ľ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ(j)ʹW(xu)`x`A w(yn)`_(d)ڌW(xu)ZB(yng)γcl(f)չʹW(xu)ի@,˼µn_ʼµ̽
c̰ ƪ9
֪R(sh)cܣ
1˽ҺƽcČW(xu)
2Ճ(ni)Ī(d)
^c
ڷ鹝(ji)^Ёɣ၆@λӲhҳă(ni)Ī(d)ףM(jn)һ_ľSă(ni)
БB(ti)cr(ji)ֵ^
W(xu)(x)ݔ?sh)B(qing)
̌W(xu)
龳l(f)}̽
̌W(xu)(zhn)䣺
ýwn
nr(sh)1nr(sh)
̌W(xu)E^̣
һ(do)
Ҷ֪~һN͵Ą(dng)ѪԵġˮħ@һ(g)龳һ㪚(d)һ{ںһl~ʮl~(hu)ô[W(xu)ش]Һġcһ(g)cʮl~(zhn)ʲôʹc֮(zhn)?҂́W(xu)(x)@ƪСf҂ի@S
ߺ顾nչʾ
18991961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)^ɴ(zhn)۱w1954s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)1961겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)Ͽy(tng)ԣ]ǂ(g)˱Ⱥĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ顰o(j)20֮һ
¹šnչʾ
СfǹŰһλ(jng)ɣϝOɣ၆ѽ(jng)ʮδ~ڵڰʮһ(g)˳h(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;R~s~ԵĹ(ji)xҪc~龰СfRY(ji)βIJҲСf鹝(ji)l(f)չĸ߳
ģСf鹝(ji)
ȽoһЩʾҿԸ(j)ĻغĽY(ji)W(xu)ֽMӑՓ_nչʾ
βY(ji)
~暢һlLʧ~~Եʮ
õӚɗl~Եķ֮һ
õӚһ^۔
ö̹˃ɗl낀(g)~ҧ
ö̹Ⱥ~R~ֻʣ
СY(ji)c~ÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)һoУoȵʧ
壩(ni)Ī(d)
ͨ^ҵķֹ҂Сf鹝(ji)֮ǰ҂چԪxf^
Ŀ̮cСf鹝(ji)İl(f)չ(lin)ϵ҂Ҳv^߀ԏZò(ni)Ī(d)ȷ֡@ƪСfе˹ɣ၆ҪĂ(g)̮(ni)Ī(d)סnչʾ}
1βǰc˵ă(ni)Ī(d)
2ͨ^@Щ茑҂Կ˹ôӵԸc(din)
W(xu)ֽMӑՓnչʾ
1܉ֹҲSҿסMţ
2F(xin)ڵùĕr(sh)̾ҪB~ҲoGDentuso@(g)|Oܸȏ(qing)ѣұ߶Ŷ־ʢ
3ǰһ(g)B(yng)һ(g)~eǘɡЪһЪŪãסʣ~ܬF(xin)(sh)_(chung)δ
(4)@һ(hu)ɰҴˡѽ(jng)o(j)ùӰ~oֻҪН{ж̹жһ뷨ȥ(jin)goη(jng)(yn)S
(5)F(xin)һж^ȥ^ҲS߀Ҫғǣһ(g)ںҹ]һôȥ̎y@˼ߣ
(6)߀Ǻúõ롣]аc(din)pֻǂ(g)ѡϵHMϣ
W(xu)Y(ji)Ϲ鹝(ji)(ni)Ī(d)˹W(xu)ӑՓ_nչʾ
ªoԮ~݆urˑ{ԼǻM(jn)ˊ^µĶϣ҂ԿһN۲(jin)(qing)挦ġӲhӡ
СfеĴ~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ˼
ߣӑՓ
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