高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
總結(jié)是對(duì)某一特定時(shí)間段內(nèi)的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活等表現(xiàn)情況加以回顧和分析的一種書(shū)面材料,他能夠提升我們的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力,為此要我們寫(xiě)一份總結(jié)。那么我們?cè)撛趺慈?xiě)總結(jié)呢?下面是小編幫大家整理的高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié),歡迎大家借鑒與參考,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)1
各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概述
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念:它是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,表示主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式是由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式如下:
1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are + 過(guò)去分詞
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.
2、 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were + 過(guò)去分詞
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.
3、 一般將來(lái)時(shí) will/shall + be + 過(guò)去分詞
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are + being + 過(guò)去分詞
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.
5、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were + being + 過(guò)去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has + been + 過(guò)去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7、 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had + been + 過(guò)去分詞
注意:
1、除了be之外的其它系動(dòng)詞如get, stay等也可以和過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.
2、 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3、 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語(yǔ),其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)分別用“be going to + be + 過(guò)去分詞”和“be to + be + 過(guò)去分詞”。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4、 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別:“連系動(dòng)詞+用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu),與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式完全一樣,所以應(yīng)注意它們的區(qū)別。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)詞,多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通?捎胋y 引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,而后者則不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞通?杀籿ery修飾,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的過(guò)去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
He was much excited by her words.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))
5、 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。有些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式有被動(dòng)意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時(shí)句子的主語(yǔ)一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 這些書(shū)很暢銷。
The door won’t shut. 這門(mén)關(guān)不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)2
1、 especially, specially
especially adv. 特殊地;尤其是
。1)側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比較突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英語(yǔ))
。2) especially 后可接介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
specially 側(cè)重特意地、專門(mén)地做某事 (后面常接for sb. 或to do sth.)
I made a chocolate cake specially for you.
2、 boring, bored, bore
boring adj. 令人厭煩的 The book is very boring.
bored adj. 感到厭煩的. I'm bored with the book.
bore vt. 令人厭煩 This book bores me.
有些表示情感的及物動(dòng)詞,有與bore類似的用法。如:interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry 這類詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式,為“令人……”;過(guò)去分詞形式,為“感到……”。
3、 except for, except, but, besides
表示“除了”的詞或短語(yǔ)有:except; but; except for; besides; except that (when.。.) 等。
。1) except 和 but 都表示“除了……之外。沒(méi)有”,二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等詞后多用 but。No one knows our teacher's address except / but him. (排除him)
。2) besides 除……之外,還……,有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English與other languages都屬于know的范圍)
。3) except for 只不過(guò)……,整體肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同類事物,for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
4、 know, know of, know about
(1) know 用作動(dòng)詞,意思是“(直接地)獲知,懂得,認(rèn)識(shí),熟悉”。I don't know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest.
(2) know of和know about的意思都是“(間接地)獲知”,指聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)到或從書(shū)報(bào)上看到,二者沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。
5、 for example; such as
。1) for example“例如”,用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況。一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個(gè)”為例,作插入語(yǔ),可位于句首、句中或句末?捎胒or instance替換。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example.
。2) such as “例如”,用來(lái)列舉事物,一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間,as后面不可有逗號(hào)。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish.
[注意]如把前面所述情況全部舉出,用that is或namely。
高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)3
重點(diǎn)單詞
major local represent curious introduce
approach stranger express action general
avoid misunderstand similar agreement adult
punish intend means universal cultural
apologize behave bow flight defence
dormitory canteen dash comfortable distance
prefer touch custom false hug
function international powerful greet fist
yawn threaten respectful association gesture
高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)4
一、一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1、概念:立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻,從過(guò)去看將來(lái),常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。
2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3、基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/should + do+其它
4、否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語(yǔ)+would/should + not + do.
5、一般疑問(wèn)句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6、例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我問(wèn),誰(shuí)要去那里。
二、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1、概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。
2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3、 baihuawen.cn 基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+be +doing +其它
4、否定形式:主語(yǔ)+be +not +doing+其它
5、一般疑問(wèn)句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。
6、例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。
高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)5
as 可作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
1.as
as可以在限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。
、 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as可跟在由suc, so, the same修飾的先行詞之后。
Such men as heard him were deeply moved. 聽(tīng)過(guò)他說(shuō)話的人,都會(huì)深受感動(dòng)。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中作heard的主語(yǔ))
I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)像他講的這樣的故事。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中作tell的賓語(yǔ))
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. 他搬起別人都搬不起的大石頭。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中l(wèi)ift的賓語(yǔ))
比較:
在the same
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