過(guò)圣誕節(jié)的英語(yǔ)作文 Christmas Day
Although it is generally agreed that the Christmas tree in its current form came from Germany in the early 19th century, the tradition of decorating a tree to mark winter celebrations dates back hundreds of years to Roman times, when they used to decorate evergreen trees with small pieces of metal to celebrate Saturnalia.
In medieval times the 'Paradise Play' was performed every year on 24 December. This depicted the creation of Man and the fall of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden and always included an evergreen hung with apples which represented the apple tree of temptation.
There is a legend that St Boniface, an English monk, came upon a group of pagans gathered around an oak tree who were preparing to sacrifice a child to the God Thor. In order to stop the sacrifice, and save the child's life, St Boniface is said to have felled the tree with one blow of his fist. Later on, a fir tree grew in place of the oak and this, St Boniface told the pagans, was the Tree of Life and represented the Christ Child.
Legend also suggests that, in the late 16th century, Martin Luther (the founder of the Protestant religion) was the first to decorate an indoor tree with candles when he attempted to recreate the stars shining over a forest of evergreens.
The first mention of decorated trees being taken indoors came in 1605 in Germany - a country with a long Christmas tree history! The trees were initially decorated with fruit and sweets together with hand made objects such as quilled snowflakes and stars. German Christmas Markets began to sell shaped gingerbreads and wax ornaments which people bought as souvenirs of the fair and took home to hang on their tree.
Tinsel was also invented in Germany in about 1610. Up until fairly recently real silver was used, which was pulled into wafer thin strips by special machines. This was durable but tarnished quickly and many experiments took place to try and find an alternative - including a mix of lead and tin, which was too heavy and kept breaking. It was only in the mid 20th century that a viable alternative was found.
Artificial trees were invented in the 1880's in a bid to try and stop some of the damage being caused to real trees due to people lopping the tip off large trees, thus preventing the trees from growing any further. It got so bad in Germany that laws had to be brought in to prevent people having more than one tree.
Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, is credited with being responsible for introducing the custom of the Christmas tree to the British public by decorating the first English Christmas tree at Windsor Castle in 1841 using candles, sweets, fruit and gingerbread.
The popularity of the Christmas tree grew in Britain during the first half of the 20th century, with trees becoming bigger and more elaborately decorated with bells, baubles and tinsel. However, the onset of the Second World War resulted in a ban on cutting down trees for decoration and people resorted to having small, artificial tabletop trees bearing home made decorations. These were often taken down into the air raid shelters when the sirens sounded to provide a bit of Christmas cheer!
This all changed following the war, and large trees were erected in many public places to celebrate Christmas. The most famous of these is the tree in Trafalgar Square, London which is an annual gift from the Norwegian government to give thanks for the help they received from Britain during the war.
雖然普遍認(rèn)為,圣誕樹(shù)在其目前的形式來(lái)自德國(guó)在19世紀(jì)早期,裝飾冬天一棵樹(shù)來(lái)紀(jì)念慶祝活動(dòng)的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到幾百年羅馬時(shí)代,當(dāng)他們使用裝飾常綠喬木的金屬小塊慶祝農(nóng)神節(jié)。
在中世紀(jì)的天堂玩的是每年12月24日?qǐng)?zhí)行。描述人的創(chuàng)造和亞當(dāng)和夏娃從伊甸園的秋天,總是包括常綠掛著蘋果代表誘惑的蘋果樹(shù)。
有一個(gè)傳說(shuō),圣小旅店,一個(gè)英語(yǔ)和尚,遇到一群異教徒聚集在一棵橡樹(shù)準(zhǔn)備犧牲一個(gè)孩子的神托爾。為了阻止?fàn)奚?拯救孩子的生命,圣小旅店的老板據(jù)說(shuō)砍伐樹(shù)的拳頭一拳。后來(lái),冷杉樹(shù)生長(zhǎng)在橡樹(shù)的地方,圣博尼費(fèi)斯告訴異教徒,是生命之樹(shù),代表了基督的孩子。
傳說(shuō)也表明,在16世紀(jì)末期,馬丁·路德(新教宗教的創(chuàng)始人)是第一個(gè)用蠟燭裝飾室內(nèi)樹(shù)當(dāng)他試圖重現(xiàn)星星閃亮的常綠的森林。
室內(nèi)裝飾樹(shù)的第一次提到被發(fā)生在1605年在德國(guó)——一個(gè)國(guó)家歷史悠久的圣誕樹(shù)!最初的樹(shù)裝飾著水果和糖果一起手工制作的對(duì)象(如羽毛狀的雪花和星星。德國(guó)圣誕節(jié)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)始銷售的文化遺產(chǎn)和蠟裝飾品,人們買紀(jì)念品的公平和帶回家掛在圣誕樹(shù)上。
金屬絲也在德國(guó)在1610年發(fā)明的。直到最近使用真正的銀,拖入薄帶的特殊機(jī)器。這是耐用但玷污很快,發(fā)生了許多實(shí)驗(yàn),試圖找到一個(gè)替代——包括鉛和錫、太重,不停地打破。直到20世紀(jì)中期,一個(gè)可行的選擇。
人工樹(shù)木是在1880年代發(fā)明的,試圖阻止一些損壞造成真正的樹(shù)木由于人砸斷大樹(shù)的頂端,從而防止樹(shù)木進(jìn)一步增長(zhǎng)。它變得如此糟糕在德國(guó)法律必須在阻止人們擁有多個(gè)樹(shù)。
維多利亞女王的丈夫,阿爾伯特王子,被認(rèn)為是負(fù)責(zé)引入自定義裝飾圣誕樹(shù),英國(guó)公眾的第一英語(yǔ)圣誕樹(shù)在溫莎城堡在1841年使用蠟燭、糖果、水果和姜餅。
圣誕樹(shù)的流行上半年增長(zhǎng)在英國(guó)20世紀(jì)初,隨著樹(shù)變得更大、更精心裝飾著鈴鐺,裝飾物和金屬箔。然而,第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)導(dǎo)致禁止砍伐樹(shù)木裝飾和人們采取小,人工桌面樹(shù)木軸承家里做裝飾。這些經(jīng)常被分解成的防空洞警報(bào)拉響的時(shí)候提供一些圣誕快樂(lè)!
這一切都改變了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之后,大樹(shù)被豎立在許多公共場(chǎng)所慶祝圣誕節(jié)。其中最著名的是樹(shù)在特拉法加廣場(chǎng),倫敦是一個(gè)年度來(lái)自挪威政府的禮物感謝他們收到英國(guó)在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間的幫助。
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