Unit 9 When was it invented的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
Unit 9 When was it invented的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
一.教材分析
1.教材的地位和作用
本說(shuō)課是九年級(jí)《g fr it》第九單元“When was it invented?”本單元涉及內(nèi)容是本書(shū)當(dāng)中比較重要的一部分。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)用是教學(xué)中一個(gè)難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn),也是學(xué)生比較不容易理解的部分,因?yàn)樗墙⒃诟鞣N時(shí)態(tài)之上的。
另外通過(guò)對(duì)我們熟悉經(jīng)常使用的發(fā)明物的歷史來(lái)開(kāi)闊眼界,豐富學(xué)生的閱歷,使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成勤于思考,善于總結(jié)的好習(xí)慣。
2.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1)知識(shí)目標(biāo) 擴(kuò)容新單詞,提高閱讀能力。理解和良好運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
2)技能目標(biāo) 能談?wù)撝匾l(fā)明的歷史及用途,能針對(duì)各項(xiàng)發(fā)明的用處及特點(diǎn),發(fā)表自己的看法,并說(shuō)明理由。
3)情感目標(biāo) 使學(xué)生懂得人類的科學(xué)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造了豐富的物質(zhì)文明。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的能力和愿望
3.教學(xué)重點(diǎn) 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
4.教學(xué)難點(diǎn) 弄清主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的差異,通過(guò)練習(xí)和運(yùn)用加以鞏固
二.學(xué)情分析
1.初中生的抽象能力較低,形象思維能力強(qiáng)。但注意力容易分散。本單元通過(guò)多媒體和教師親和力的語(yǔ)言,增強(qiáng)興趣和注意力。
2.初中生的學(xué)習(xí)心理特點(diǎn)
1)興趣 對(duì)英語(yǔ)普遍感興趣,求知欲盛。
2)記憶 對(duì)刺激記憶手段多的知識(shí)記憶深刻,遵從記憶規(guī)律。
3)評(píng)價(jià) 主要通過(guò)他人評(píng)價(jià)初步形成對(duì)自己的評(píng)價(jià),所以很在乎他人的評(píng)價(jià)。同時(shí)自我意識(shí)不斷增強(qiáng)。因此在本課教學(xué)過(guò)程中,注意采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)為主,通過(guò)任務(wù)和不同的評(píng)價(jià)方式,提高學(xué)生參與意識(shí)。
3.初三上學(xué)期學(xué)生有較明確的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)和態(tài)度。本單元通過(guò)發(fā)明為載體,各種發(fā)明和發(fā)明家激勵(lì)學(xué)生求知的欲望。
三.教法滲透
1、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)思路與教材處理:
《新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)》中的具體語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)是通過(guò)各種各樣的Tass來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的;學(xué)生需要運(yùn)用具體而特定的行動(dòng)來(lái)完成一定的交際任務(wù)。整個(gè)教學(xué)過(guò)程中,各種語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)與語(yǔ)言功能與不同的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)有機(jī)的結(jié)合。任務(wù)活動(dòng)所謀求的效果不是一種機(jī)械的語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練,而是側(cè)重在執(zhí)行任務(wù)中學(xué)生自我完成任務(wù)的能力和策略的培養(yǎng);重視形式在完成任務(wù)過(guò)程中的參與和在交流活動(dòng)中所獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此本節(jié)課我將始終引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)完成具體的任務(wù)活動(dòng)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言,讓學(xué)生為了特定的學(xué)習(xí)目的去實(shí)施特定的語(yǔ)言行動(dòng),通過(guò)完成特定的交際任務(wù)來(lái)獲得和積累相應(yīng)的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn),讓學(xué)生在用中學(xué),在學(xué)中用。
2、教學(xué)原則
l 活動(dòng)性原則 提倡學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與,體驗(yàn),交流,合作,探究等多種學(xué)習(xí)。
l 合作性原則 以學(xué)生為主體,師生合作,生生合作,體現(xiàn)教與學(xué)的互動(dòng),交往。
l 任務(wù)型原則 任務(wù)驅(qū)動(dòng)—激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī);任務(wù)完成—激勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)積極性;執(zhí)行任務(wù)—培養(yǎng)責(zé)任 心和合作精神。
l 情感性原則 激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣和始終保持良好的學(xué)習(xí)情緒。
3、教法運(yùn)用:
本單元主要采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)
在本課的任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)中,我將依據(jù)課程的總體目標(biāo)并結(jié)合教學(xué)內(nèi)容,創(chuàng)造性地設(shè)計(jì)貼近學(xué)生生活實(shí)際的任務(wù)活動(dòng),吸引和組織他們積極參與,使學(xué)生通過(guò)觀察、思考、討論、交流和合作等方式,在一種自然、真實(shí)或模擬真實(shí)的情境中體會(huì)語(yǔ)言、掌握語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用。
4.教學(xué)手段
1) 多媒體輔助:使用自制的,使抽象的語(yǔ)言變得直觀,為學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,實(shí)現(xiàn)師生互動(dòng),生生互動(dòng)和人機(jī)互動(dòng)的多向交流。
2)非測(cè)試性評(píng)價(jià):傳統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)觀念的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是學(xué)科本位,只重學(xué)科,不重學(xué)生發(fā)展。 要體現(xiàn)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的實(shí)施效果,評(píng)價(jià)體系應(yīng)該“正確反映外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的本質(zhì)和過(guò)程,滿足學(xué)生發(fā)展的需要”。為了達(dá)到這一目標(biāo),唯有重視形成性評(píng)價(jià),充分發(fā)揮其積極作用,促進(jìn)新的評(píng)價(jià)體系的形成。因此,本課我將各種活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)成小組活動(dòng)并開(kāi)展小組競(jìng)賽和填寫(xiě)課堂自我評(píng)價(jià)表等非測(cè)試性評(píng)價(jià)手段,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)自主學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)會(huì)與人合作,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新意識(shí)以及具備科學(xué)的價(jià)值觀。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)
新制定的《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》把“培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,樹(shù)立自信心,培養(yǎng)良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和形成有效策略,發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)和合作精神”放在了首位。依據(jù)課改的精神,我從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行學(xué)法指導(dǎo)。
1、學(xué)習(xí)方法的指導(dǎo)
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生觀察力,想象力,記憶力以及思維能力。用生動(dòng)的調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的感官進(jìn)行聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)的訓(xùn)練。
2、學(xué)習(xí)積極性的調(diào)動(dòng)
我在教學(xué)過(guò)程中創(chuàng)造一種開(kāi)放的,和諧的,積極互動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言氛圍,把課堂變成有聲有色的舞臺(tái),讓學(xué)生在樂(lè)中學(xué)。
3、學(xué)習(xí)能力的培養(yǎng)
通過(guò)連貫的聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě),游戲,競(jìng)賽等,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的交際能力,發(fā)展他們的思維能力。
4、學(xué)習(xí)策略的指導(dǎo)
本節(jié)課將在課堂活動(dòng)中把學(xué)生分成四人小組的學(xué)習(xí)小組,讓他們圍繞著課堂任務(wù)分工合作,在活動(dòng)中相互探討、相互交流、相互合作,從而獲得知識(shí)、技能和情感體驗(yàn),發(fā)展他們的能力。創(chuàng)建開(kāi)放式,探究式的課堂,有意識(shí)滲透學(xué)習(xí)策略的訓(xùn)練。我讓學(xué)生觀察畫(huà)面,回答問(wèn)題,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)使用認(rèn)知策略;讓學(xué)生表演對(duì)話,實(shí)現(xiàn)交際策略;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生交際,主動(dòng)練習(xí)和實(shí)踐,是調(diào)控策略的體現(xiàn)。充分利用多媒體,錄音,卡片等是資源策略。
五.教學(xué)效果預(yù)測(cè);
1.能夠掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),并運(yùn)用到一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境。
2.通過(guò)多媒體和任務(wù)的完成學(xué)生會(huì)突破難點(diǎn),產(chǎn)生一定創(chuàng)造精神。
3.能完成教學(xué)目標(biāo),調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)熱情。
六.課堂教學(xué)過(guò)程:
、觯甌eaching Prcedures
Step Ⅰ Lead-in (2 inutes)
We have inventins everwhere .Inventins ae us live easil and happil. Withut inventins,ur lives will be uch re difficult. Tda, we will nw abut a few inventins and tal abut the histr f the.
Shw the pictures f five inventins n the screen: a car,a Tv set, a telephne, a calculatr and a cputer.
T:Nw l at these things.What are the?In what rder d u thin the were invented? Nuber the(1-5) (1=first,5=last)
Vlunteers reprt the answes.
S1:I thin the calculatr was invented befre the cputer.
S2:Idn’t thin s. I thin the calculatr was invented after the cputer.
Step Ⅱ 1a
This activit reviews vcabular and intrduces new vcabular which can be used t tal abut inventins.
Read the inventins t the students.
Call the students' attentin t the five pictures. Tell the students that all f these things were invented in the last 150 ears. Pint t each picture and let the students tell what it is.
Write the naes f the five inventins n the blacbard.
cputer, car, calculatr, telephne, TV set
Have several different students guess and write the dates n the bard.
As the class t repeat the questins and answers lie this.
T: When was the cputer invented? Class repeat.
Ss: When was the cputer invented?
T: Gd. Nw T, what is ur guess?
S1: 1965.
T: O. T, repeat after e. The cputer was invented in 1965.
T: Class, please repeat.
Ss: The cputer was invented in 1965.
Repeat the prcess with several different inventins.
Tell the children that the will find ut the real dates after the cplete the lessn.
After that, as the students the questins belw:
Questins:
1.Which ne d u thin is the ldest?
2.Which ne is the newest?
3.Which ne d u thin is the ldest r the first inventin?
4.Which ne is the newest r last inventin?
As different students t answer the questins.
Have the students l at the exaple cnversatin in the bx. As tw students t read this cnversatin t the class.
A: I thin the telephne was invented befre the car.
B. Well, I thin the telephne was invented after the car.
Read the instructins again t the students. Reind the t reeber the inventins fr first t last.
Then have the students tal abut the five inventins in grups f fur, using the saple cnversatin as a del.
As several grups t tell the class their answers. The rest f the class listen t the and shw the have different answers b raising their hands.
In the next activit u will find ut the real dates.
Step Ⅲ 1b
This activit gives students practice in understanding the target language in spen cnversatin.
Get the whle class t read the instructin tgether.
Call the students' attentin t the five inventins in the picture. As five students t sa the naes f the.
Then as the t see the five dates with a blan line in frnt f each.
We'll listen t a girl and a wan taling abut the five inventins. The will tal abut when the were invented. Listen carefull and atch the inventins and the dates. Write the crrect letter in frnt f each date as the saple given. As the t have a l at the saple answer. Tell the the answer in frnt f 1876 is d. That eans that the telephne, which is letter d, was invented in 1876. Pla the recrding the first tie. The students nl listen and tr t catch the ain idea.
Pla the recrding a secnd tie. Let the students atch the inventins and the dates. Chec the answers b asing several t sa the answers t the class.
If se f the answers are hard t get fr the children, tell the nt t wrr and the will ae it next.
Then pla the recrding again. Pause after each sentence and let the students repeat. Fr se difficult sentences, get the students t repeat several ties. Be sure that the ae everthing clear.
Answers
d 1876 a 1885 e 1927 c 1971 b 1976
Step Ⅳ 1c
This activit prvides guided ral practice using the target language.
Read the instructins and pint t the list f dates in Activit 1b.
u will be taling abut the dates things were invented with a partner.
Call the students' attentin t the exaple in the bx. As a pair f the students t read this cnversatin t the class.
SA: When was the telephne invented?
SB: I thin it was invented in 1876.
Write the cnversatin n the blacbard. Then get the students t practice in pairs, using the infratin in Activit 1b. Tell the t d it lie this:
Student A, cvers the dates. Students B, ass Student A when the things in the picture abve were invented. Then change rles and practice again.
As several pairs t share their cnversatins with the class.
Step Ⅴ Suar
In this class, we've learned t tal abut the histr f inventins with passive vice. We've als dne se listening practice in understanding the target language in spen cnversatin. And we've dne uch ral practice, using the target language.
Step Ⅵ Hewr
1.Write ut tw cnversatins in Activit 1a.
2.Write ut tw cnversatins in Activit 1 c.
Step Ⅶ Blacbard Design
Unit 9 When was it invented?
Sectin A
The First Perid
1.The naes f the five inventins:
cputer, car, calculatr, telephne, TV set
2.Target language:
A: When was the telephne invented?
B: I thin it was invented in 1876.
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