- P]
ԿƮI(y)Փģͨ7ƪ
oֳ䌍ĴWYҶ֪I(y)Ҫͨ^I(y)ՓI(y)ՓһNӋ^Ҏ(gu)ęzWWɹʽI(y)ՓđԓôأСԿƮI(y)Փģgӭxcղ
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ1
[ժ Ҫ]ˎˎǃɂĸˎͨ^MķʽM뵽҇Ԯǰ҂Ҳ(jng)ʹ@Nffˎҕˎǰ҇ˎȫˎPՓҲڲͰl(f)չ
҇Ҳ_ʼоܶˎ@ʹ҇Ҳ߂ˎ@ӵr҇t(y)ˎWl(f)չøӵȫ҇t(y)I(y)Ҳ@һ^Ы@øõİl(f)չC
Č҇ˎƺa(chn)MPоԹͽb
[PI~]ˎ ˎO gˇ (jng)ָ l(f)չ
t(y)ˎʹ֮ʬF(xin)õίЧͬrҊЧٶҲmȻܶˎĸί܉õľwϵIJʹ@Ҳ黼ߺڵίȡ˸ĕrgҲ(chung)˸õėlˎίԲYdzõЧڮǰ҇ĺܶߌˎه̶ѽ(jng)hh^ˎˎ҇t(y)WҲռ(j)ԽԽҪĵλ҇ˎо^ѽ(jng)˺ܴM@Ҳ҇ˎİl(f)չṩõĻA
҇ˎƂļgˇҲ˷dz@M
1҇ˎˎO
ˎOˎa(chn)^һ^AҪأ@ˎˎȡзdzͬһcҲfֻҪOˎȡ|(zh)ˮƽěQ҇ˎl(f)չЌˎOܺ|(zh)MЇĿ҇GMP֮҇ˎȡИI(y)Ҳ˷dzõİl(f)չ@ڌ@˜֮ˎƷƂĿƾӵćڹ^ҲעҎ(gu)O̖ҲʮҪеOʹõ^жҪ(jng)^dzϴ@ӲܸõıCˎƷa(chn)l(wi)Ͱȫ
ˎOҪ߂ܺõIJ̲Ҫ^ڏsھSͱB(yng)Ҳԓзdzõı@ӾͿԺܺõıȡ?sh)ķF(xin)dzصĺʹܱ^õˎȡO߀ЧĹ(ji)sˎYԴh(hun)ؓӰҲСһЩ
@Ҳˎȡ^БԓעһʮҪĆ}
xˎˎO^ҪܶضԳֵĿ]CܝMGMPPҪͬr߀ҪO^ԼMмęz߀Ҫ书MЙzyCڸ涼܉ܺõĝMˎƷa(chn)P˜ʺҪͬˎƷa(chn)^ЌˎƷa(chn)OҲdzͬҪˎa(chn)Ƃ^оҪ(j)ͬҪxmOͬr߀Ҫ(j)PĘ˜ʺҪxCЧߵO䣬@ӲܸõwF(xin)ˎM
2҇ˎˎļgˇ
ǰ҇ĿƼˮƽ˺ܴͬr҇ˎȡgҲзdz@ͬr҇ĺܶ༼g߀ڲ
ǰ҇ˎˎgڹ˾܇gĴh(hun)a(chn)ڌHa(chn)ҲҪˎgˇҲǹ˾Pg܇gM϶ɵ
2.1 ˾ˇg
˾ˇgҪǷ˸܇ga(chn)Ʒ|(zh)g(jng)ָ˺ͼgMչrҳҪìܺͱh(hun)(ji)QkYҎ(gu)ԵĽ(jng)ָȫ˾a(chn)g
ˇga(chn)O(jin)gؓ؟Cͬ|(zh)a(chn)܇g헼gָrȫÿ()M܇gPTˇgˆT_һηӛ䛂
2.2 ܇gˇg
܇gˇgҪǿYg(jng)ָڅݺԭzĴʩ͡UMrЧ܇gнQkʩҪ˾MQa(chn)gPI}
܇gg܇gˇg(ˇgT)ؓ؟C܇gg(jng)|(zh)rMзrȡ'QʩMͱCa(chn)ķ(wn)ͼgIJMÿĩMMLͼgOȹˆT_һηӛ䛂
3g(jng)ָ˵ľ_Ϳ
3.1 g(jng)ָ˵ľ_
ɼgĽYϱ˾a(chn)gMˮƽͽČHr^Mĸa(chn)Ʒ(jng)Ӌָˣ(jng)a(chn)O(jin)ɹ˾_܇gP҈(zh)
gđ¡Kȫ˾g(jng)ָrgYϣa(chn)O(jin)ͬra(chn)܇gؔƄӺͼӏˇgָ
3.2 g(jng)ָ˵Ŀ
Mˎȡ^ȡЧĴʩgָ˺ͽ(jng)ָMзͿһزٵĭh(hun)(ji)@һh(hun)(ji)I(y)@øߵĽ(jng)ЧdzҪԹ˾ؔչˆTҪڌ܇gČHMЙzͿͬr߀Ҫ(j)܇gČHrȡЧĴʩMЪߑP@N߸܇gĹeOʮҪxͬr@һ^Ҳ˹˂ĹЧI(y)˸ߵĽ(jng)Ч
3.3 ͬƷNS֮gļg(jng)ָ˷
gđŬcʡ(ni)ͬƷNͬa(chn)S֮g(¡)ļg(jng)ָrYϷӣY(jng)WMJRsĿ߱˾g(jng)ָMˮƽ
ͬƷNS֮gļg(jng)ָ˷cgӽYһMС
4҇ˎˎgl(f)չ
ˎˎgİl(f)չzWȌWƼg_ذl(f)չˎˎg߀\gMˎ
t(y)ˎgҲδ҇ˎˎgl(f)չҪ
\gMt(y)ˎܺõĽQˎˎеļc}Ҳʹa(chn)w܉ķʽμίЧ
t(y)ˎgMˎаl(f)ca(chn)Ҳڜp٭h(hun)ȾoȻB(ti)ҪƄx҇ɳm(x)l(f)չ(zhn)еPl(f)չԭt
ͬrN¼gijF(xin)ˎ_l(f)
ӋCģMͷӈD̎g(ԭ@R|(zh)ֹx͒̽y@R)YϿ^m(x)OӋضԵķӵɞˎоˎOӋĵ
ˎcʹԓˎϵy(tng)õģMˎЧˎﰲȫɞԽԽõĹ
ЩҪˎ̵İl(f)չõǰδеMǾwl(f)չF(xin)߀롣
ڽЩNˎﰲȫ}rаl(f)oˎИI(y)İl(f)չ(zhn)ͬrҲɞoˎˇṩµęC
Ŀǰ(ni)ƳĸNֻҪߺm҇ˎИI(y)İl(f)չ@ʹИI(y)ӭ˰l(f)չC
ˎȡˇ҇OӋgԼO䶼õMһusСc֮gIJ࣬҇ˎ̵İl(f)չˈԌՓA
5YZ
֮҇ˎđcо^ܸNصl(f)չˮƽ߀cMˮƽ
܉҇ˎa(chn)gˇˮƽ҂Ҫӏ߀ԓĸMˎOüg(jng)ָ˵ľƣl(f)չƼˎa(chn)ˮƽĶCˎˎ|(zh)M҇ˎa(chn)a(chn)I(y)õİl(f)չ
īI
[1] Ah.\PˎOĹ[J].ƼYӍ.2006(07).
[2] K.ˎȫ]a(chn)ϵy(tng)̽ӑ[J].ƼϢ.2009(24).
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ2
ָһM^MеĸNMf(xi){(dio)O(jin)ȻӵĿQ҂ͨ^Փāw˽һ
ժҪI(y)λҪ΄ɇҙCPĹͰl(f)չI(y)I(y)λă(ni)ָҪͨ^ӋÕӋϢI(y)λ헻Mеָ{(dio)(ji)sʹMȻ,I(y)λĹЧʺЧI(y)λԣI(y)λƃ(ni)Ӌƶӏ(ni)ӋO(jin)ؔLUoYa(chn)YİȫЧʹ@ȞкҪĿǰ҇I(y)λ(ni)ӋƺLUwϵT}
PI~I(y),(ni),LU
(ni)ƶǬF(xin)ՓҪMɲdžλ˱CϢ|(zh)挍ɿo(jng)IYa(chn)ȫ߽(jng)IЧMҎ(gu)܉õЧѭɆλӼTͬO(jin)ʩһ؟ƺӑB(ti)MĹ^I(y)λă(ni)һ헲ꐳضhĹ(ni)ǷîֱӰ푵I(y)λĹЧʺЧǬF(xin)(jng)IҪֶΡI(y)λ(ni)ƵĻĿǴ_I(y)λYİȫ\YʹЧφλĺϷҎ(gu)Ya(chn)ȫؔՈ漰PϢ挍
һ(ni)Ƶc
I(y)λ(ni)ƶȽOԽ(jng)ЧǰᣬԷչĿˁOӋͽO(ni)ƶI(y)λĽMYTOܙȕܵƶȺҎ(gu)ļs(ni)ƶȽOĿgI(y)fҪI(y)λYԴYYӋ̎ȷcI(y)ܴą^(q)e(ni)ƶȽOă(ni)
I(y)λ(ni)ƵĬF(xin)
1(ni)R㡣(ni)Rǃ(ni)h(hun)еһҪ(ni)õă(ni)RǴ_(ni)ƶȵԽȫ͌ʩҪCЩe`J(ni)ƶȾǽƣ]JR(ni)ƶһNI(y)\^Эh(hun)h(hun)۵ĄӑB(ti)O(jin)CҲ]RߺPI(y)ղTڃ(ni)^БГ؟HHу(ni)Ʈϼ¼ĹֶΡеĆλƶ(ni)ƶȕrճհø\hЌHǸ(j)λF(xin)ڵČHS߾͵ͣڬF(xin)(ni)ƶȸԓе
2(ni)ƶȲȫֹ҇߀ȱһI(y)λ֮Чă(ni)ָҎ(gu)ҲI(y)λYI(y)c͕rg(jng)оOӋһϵy(tng)Ҏ(gu)ă(ni)ƶwϵHϴI(y)λ]Еĵă(ni)ƶֻһؔ(jng)Ҏ(gu)ƶȴ(ni)ƶȣ{(jng)ԺοH_֧˜ʼI(y)̿^ںF(xin)}rȱy(tng)һҎ(gu)̎(j)͘˜
3ӋA(j)҇ӋҎ(gu)ӋˆTȡÕӋĘI(y)YCΆλӋCؓ؟˵ģ@ÕӋĘI(y)YC߀횾߂ӋόI(y)gYӋ3Ͻ(jng)vȻĿǰ҇eI(y)λؔչֻɲ߂AӋ֪RkˆTΣ֪ؔR͌I(y)܅TI(y)|(zh)^ͣ`ؔ(jng)Ҏ(gu)``oОȱe;ܽ^@ЩλؔˆT߀m(ni)ƵҪɆλ(ni)ƶȈ(zh)(ni)Ч^
4ASTAĸMAƵõһ̶ȼӏ^ҪF(xin)飺һA㾎߀^ֲĿǰTAľһԸ(j)ؔr֧Aλc͘I(y)Mк˶ֶ߀]мwĿA֧_PMк˶ҪAԲAӋƌWԲA{(dio)^lYʹȱAҊAļs
5O(jin)˙CƲλ(ni)Ӌǃ(ni)ƶһɻȱҪMɲ֣ҲnjF(xin)(ni)Ŀ˵ҪֶmȻĿǰλԼă(ni)ӋT(ni)ӋˆTһؔˆT]н_čλ؟ȱһĪؔӋTҪıO(jin)CO(jin)CƲO(jin)Hͣһ㽛(jng)헵ıO(jin)ϣȱӋλă(ni)ƶǷȫMЧıO(jin)Ϳu@һ̶ӰI(y)λ(ni)ƶwϵ
6̶Ya(chn)^ஔI(y)λδҎ(gu)ؔa(chn)PcƶȣُõĹ̶Ya(chn)δܼrӛ~δҎ(gu)ӛ̶Ya(chn)~͌│ƬYa(chn)؟β_Ya(chn)̎ó؟β_OYa(chn)~Ya(chn)ʧ~Ya(chn)Ҳrаl(f)
ӏI(y)(ni)ƵĴʩ
ᘌI(y)λڵă(ni)ƵIJԓքeԸMքeǣ(ni)Rȫ(ni)ƶÕӋAƲTAƶӏ(ni)ӋO(jin)Ϳwʩ£
1աӋ͡(ni)ӋƻҎ(gu)Ҏ(gu)λؓ؟džλؔcӋĵһ؟wλؔՕӋ挍ԡԼ(ni)ƶȵĺЧؓҪ؟ͨ^ؔTMλؓ؟MӖWԼλؔղTճmrȶNʽʹλؓ؟_ؔՕӋ̓(ni)ƶȽOġһ؟wRҕ(ni)ӋƶȽO(chung)õă(ni)ƭh(hun)
2AYܸcM֧NԼe`ce`֧ļmȵȽ(jng)ӵȷ_λԿصcĿOĽMY_JPĹܺPϵÿM؟Ι_ڙͷ؟εķOҕڙ࣬؟ελ؟ӽMĿRӏλ(ni)ƶȣȫڙʿƺշxƶھwI(y)շֹϣһTһһ험I(y)յȫ^TˆTcc֮㕽ӵIJTԄӵ،ǰɹ_MЙz
3Գֲx_ݙC͍λ֮gȫ؟ƼsO(jin)ĶAl(f)e`ͱδȻԱCӋӛ䛵挍cJץÕӋAҎ(gu)ʹӋI(y)̎Ҏ(gu)˜ʻӋm(x)c؟ĬF(xin)l(f)ǽƵ`Ӌ̎ՕӋ̎ĕӋĿOӋ{CČ˂fӋķӋ~Ocӛ~Ҫȃ(ni)ݡͨ^Ӌ̎m(x)ƺ͏ͺ˿Ƶȴʩ_ӋϢ挍rԺLJ(ni)ˌƶȡɵĽ(jng)I(y)ӛMЏͲˌǏ(ni)ƶȵһ헻ʩǿӛʹ_ɿҪӋͲˌҪA(jng)I(y)յĺϷӋYϵĺϷ挍Ժؔa(chn)YȫԵȷԿ
4ƲTAƶҪMһUTAķTλȫ֧ؔ헾{벿TAČʩA{(dio)ӳ̶njTAcλ(ni)؟AЙCYϡAλҪRƶkƼwОİl(f)ץÌYʹúؔڙ֧YĹؔYʹЧʵȡؔYŲÌYŲÌYSAԼռСƉļwYa(chn)ԼؔwƸĸҪՈʹؔYȆ}ҪԽQ
5I(y)λҪ߃(ni)ӋCӴԺͪ(ni)λMи헌Ӌλă(ni)ƶOӋЧ䌍ʩЧ̶url(f)F(xin)}rmؔƶȽȫӋҎ(gu)(ni)ӋˆTҪ|(zh)ӋI(y)|(zh)ӋҎ(gu)|(zh)Rӏۙ䌍ӋQӋҊͨ^(ni)Ӌӏ(ni)Ӌ߆λ헹ˮƽ
LUɓpʧͻy(tng)ܕӋλLUǕӋLUҪ(ni)҂r̰ѷLUλJRLURҪЧLUwϵЧԓӋλIJLU˼ӏI(y)λؔչҎ(gu)֧О飬֧ؔؔYʹЧĿǰȫֵ^(q)I(y)λ˕ӋкI(y)λЕӋкҪˮI(y)ƺͶˍMƃɷNI(y)ղģʽ
ġYՓ
I(y)λӋLUıF(xin)ʽNɵԭҲஔsI(y)λӋLUҪF(xin)ׂ棺h(hun)(ji)cYh(hun)(ji)LUؔս(jng)IcQh(hun)(ji)LUƶcT|(zh)LUcwLUCI(y)λӋLUķNNF(xin)ʽI(y)λӋLUׂ֣ĸF(xin)зɢ͵ĕӋwµļ͕Ӌwϵλ(ni)ƶȺⲿO(jin)CƽOƕӋϢ¶ƶ.ߕӋϢ¶|(zh)ӴT|(zh)ĽӖȡ
īI
1 . I(y)(ni)Փc̽ӑ[J]. (jng)cƼ,2013,14:53-54.
2 IJ. I(y)Ӌ(ni)Ɯ\[J]. Ƽ(chung)c,2013,24:256.
3 ־,S־ϼ. ̘҇I(y)yЃ(ni)ƈ(zh)Ӱ،Cо[J]. ڱO(jin)о,2012,08:86-110.
4 ,ʢir,s. ӱʡй˾(ni)Ϣ¶F(xin)ch[J]. I(y)(jng),2012,10:169-172.
5 . ՓI(y)(ni)ƵLUC[J]. I(y)(jng),2012,03:52-55.
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ3
һRψԳˎWYϵķ
ˎMʹõ^̮У{(dio)ǸNˎﰴվʹPϵ֮gĹЧwPϵǷdz_ģ̎ͻߙCw"C"a(chn)ȵİl(f)]ίˎڌMrʹǻW|(zh)MбAԻܽȵȵ;ڌЧԼʹҎ(gu)ɵıtԬF(xin)ƌWAͨ^t(y)ˎWgZ_Ŀĵָ˷Ѫָ˵İѪָ࣬˷D(zhun)ø½ȵˎ֮£ˎoՓچΪʹûʹõ^ЌڻߵęCwڸ헌ָ׃ᘌeMʹõĕrNˎ֮gP(lin)wԛ]ˎ̎ǘӵ@@Ny(tng)һԵIJeQR挦ڃߵĽYφ}ҪM̽ӑDz܉Yʹ@Ҫ@֮gDzǴһͬĻA
(jng)^˲R̽҂J@ͬAǴڵġҪıF(xin):|(zh)A:oՓˎ߀ˎȻĮa(chn)Լ˹ϳɮa(chn)ķքe;ҲwԼą^(q)eڱ|(zh)ρfĽMɲֶǻӣ@ҲfˎڙCwl(f)]܉ίЧС|(zh)Ԫǻ@Щ܉džһķNҲ܉ǶNϰl(f)]õ;ԻA:oՓˎ߀ˎRҪÌ˵wͨ^ߵęCwxMаl(f)ӰMڌߵԼȶĠrMи׃K_ίá
@ǶȁM˼ˎWˎܡЧԼʹҎ(gu)䌍܉ͨ^ͬgZMб_ͨ^RĽ(jng)܉_ĽYϽy(tng)һmȻɷNt(y)ˎWՓwϵˎˎҎ(gu)ɿܴ.e䌍Rѽ(jng)l(f)˺LĕrgǾǃɂNˎͬrһߵϡRһЩԃˎMɣȻoMί;еt(y)߀t(y)ɂt(y)քeõ̎ȻһͬʹˎĺҪMДԒt(y)Ľ(jng)Ҫt(y)ˎWY֮P˜ʁ
ˎWYҪt(y)W繤ߵĹͬŬ
҂֪ˎWĽY߀нy(tng)һҪՓA߀кă(ni)t(y)ˎWՓԼˎWĻ(ni)ݡՓ䌍@ѽ(jng)õCҪRβ܉õČ䑪mȻǰҲвt(y)ԺR治Čt(y)ˎWĽYM̽@@ȻҪ(jng)^L̽`܉õ_@ӵĿģʹt(y)ˎW܉õl(f)չԓRᳫˎWǶWƵĹߵˎԼˎYϵIMоt(y)ˎWĽY߀нy(tng)һ^̮t(y)ˎWՓָt(y)ˎWft(y)ˎWYwϵõһ@t(y)ˎWԼWƵĹߣо^ҪJR_һ£a(chn)Ҫ]Լu[ڑt(y)ˎWRеĕrԓ@Wڵă(yu)߀ȱͬr֪RYڵIJҲҪJR
YZ
Rõĕrɴt(y)W֮gă(yu)ԼȱcҪMaһΕrg֮ˎWĬF(xin)ƌWMԽԽˎW֮gĽYҲиõںϲE֮gĽYϺͽy(tng)һԽԽڑõĕrҪ҂עt(y)ˎWԬF(xin)ĿƌW鱾ՓAt(y)ˎWУڬF(xin)ƌWѽ(jng)ȫõwF(xin)ҪȫČF(xin)t(y)ˎĬF(xin)ƌWHHt(y)ˎWP֪R߀мgMDzF(xin)ԓҪȵîǰĶTW֪RͬMt(y)ˎWĽYϣʹ֮Rđ܉ӵ
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ4
t(y)WTn̽̌Wĸ
ժҪ:M̥Wnt(y)WI(y)ĻAnňՓn̵o÷dzҪоҪ^(q)eڂy(tng)Č̌WģʽĽ̎W̌Wֶ˷ʽȷMЌn̵ĸĸͨ^ĸߌWWdȤcͬrڽM̥WĽMY܉и˽
PI~:t(y)W;;n;̌W;ĸ;M̥W
t(y)WTČncĿČn̲ͬҪõw˱M̥WDŽt(y)WI(y)ҪI(y)AnҪΑB(ti)Wn֮һDŽʌWă(ni)ڽ̌W^ͨՓn̺͌`ñɲͨ^Փn̵vʹWÿٽMΑB(ti)գn̄tnjՓnWă(ni)MͨČn̶Փn̵oM̥WnһT`|(zh)nňW֪RշdzҪͬrM̥W^ΑB(ti)W(sh)ĸǏľwĽMΑB(ti)ͽYг̫מWͽ@ҪMWČnҪOӋ`̌WWӛ͌WȌWЧ
1y(tng)ĽM̥W̌Wʽ
y(tng)Č̌WģʽͨԽ̎{(dio)̎λԽ̎vڞW^oWս̎ҪMЌn̵ČWڽ̎vһn̵Ľ̌W(ni)̌WҪɌWʹ@RMƬ˱^@ŇWʽ麆Ҳ鳣õ@ŇWܳ{(dio)ӌWğͷeOԣWˮһ̎Ҫ^Ƭͨ^^^쵽Ƭ˱Ĵ½YڼMLDLDYo̎z@Nģʽ£WֻDZӵذս̎ʾָ͌ă(ni)ɺf^쵽Ę˱{(dio)ӌW^܄Ժ͌W̎Wn̵cKֻͨ^WύLDД@N½̎(j)WLDrMe`ДՓn̵ʮֲ
2ĸnģʽӏ`B(yng)
ᘌڂy(tng)ĽM̥W̌WʽıͬrN˲|(zh)B(yng)ĸҪ͌˲B(yng)|(zh)ߵҪ1Όn̽̌Wĸoo@ߌWĄ`Ҫ̌Wĸ(ni)ݰׂ档
21nOøĸ
M̥WΑB(ti)J֪nՓ̌W͌`̌WҪnһՓňWr`ňWr٣n̵Dz`n̽̌WTn̵Ľ̌W|(zh)ȞҪ;Դ^nO÷֣͑{(dio)Փn̺͌n̵ıߌn̵nr(sh)Ч^ֻҪFĥᘡ{(dio)nr(sh)Ч
22Ľָ̎ĸ
̎nõҪԁfӹɵMn̽̌WĸҪĽ̎{(dio)ӽ̎ķeOl(f)]̎^܄R̎Ìn̸ĸfȞҪĽ̎Ҫ̎nҪ@Щ֪Rͨ^Nӵ;oWʹW܉ܲa(chn)ČWdȤWa(chn)dȤȻ(j)ԼdȤȥWȥھĶ_ҪȥΣ̎ҪnӋҪWMnǰAՓnM֪MеĘ˱^Щ(ni)?wΑB(ti)Yӵ?ЩԵĽY?@ЩnrMᆖĶ֪WǷMAՓ̶@ӾͱnĕrҪռһWrWvn(ni)ݼMв˱ƬӵҪΑB(ti)YʲôȵWյĿ϶ҪȽ̎VӡҲʹWa(chn)ه2Ľ̎߀ҪnϽ̎ҪWMSָF(xin)̎һƬӽoWWԼҽ̎ҲrWָһҪwF(xin)ָãԼWWȫه̎ҕߌܣՄՓ֪RĽ֣̎Ҫ̎ҪWMЇҪ̎ҪɌWҕṇJ錍n̿пɟoɌWՓp`ץÌW˼D(zhun)׃Ǹ
23ČWָĸ
̎n̜ʂٳֶʽٶҲҪЌWϡČWҪČW˼ČW^Џص׃Փp`˼롣W˽M̥WnһT`Ժnͨ^nM얹tՓ֪wĽYʲôӵ磬vĤĽYrfɰAһͨ^R^ȫ@Ԓ˼ʲôɴˌW֪ԌňՓo_dzҪW˽ƽrWԇrͻrڽM̥WnвֻͨҪW˼ҕˣټϽ̎'ֶָλ̌WWĄֲȻMn̽̌W
24ֶλ̌Wĸ
F(xin)ڵČW^Ϣըĕr̎vĸ֪Rʴ_cWְ̾̈́ٶʹԭʼnʽݱ؛]ʹWͬrM̥WnдڴĈDƬҪW˽3ˣڽM̥WČnбҪʹìF(xin)ļgֶSӋCռýw̌Wձ鱻@ڽM̥WfǸ̎ҪʹͶӰLMЈDƬv(ji)ʡ˴rgͬrýw̌W߀ʹӮֶӑB(ti)ʾWӛڌnУʹ˾W(wng)jƽ_oÿСMһ_Xͬr̎Xƽ_ÿ(ji)n漰ƬһPPTWWnĕrͨ^Sr醻ßƬҳƬĽYcȺЌWȺ̎Ⱥ(ni)l(f)һЩMDƬ֪WĂMɌW(j)Փ֪R̿ƕԼW(wng)jͬӑՓMDƬĽYҪr̎oһЩóYՓfДĽY@NӑՓʽͲHHnǿSrSMF(xin)ڵČWǡCx֡Ҵ˷NȤζԏˌWcȸЧ^
25Ŀ˷ʽϸĸ
y(tng)Ŀ˷ʽҪһʽMЌn̿ˣ@NʽȫӳW挍r;˷ʽ횸׃׃n̼nn̳ɿռĞռɿ40%ҪW˽⼰ҕM̥WncnWݱӰ푿wijɿһÈ沢ȡúõijɿ̎Ŀ˷ʽɽ̎ĞWƬLƬĻΑB(ti)ȡһһĿ˷ʽԿԇ͈YϵķʽQWČnɿڴ^н̎܉˽WwrͬrҲ֪ÿλWrmȻ@ӕӽ̎I(y)ĹWn̵ҕ̶ͬrͨ^{(dio)W˷ʽ^ƳԭDZеČW֪Rue˵Ĉȡñ^ߵķ֔(sh)
3YZ
CڽM̥WĽ̌W^(j)@Tnn|(zh)ڌn̟oՓǽ̎߀njWԓoҕͨ^n̵ČWWՓn̵MߌWľCόW4
īI:
1x,,ʩl(wi),ȣȫt(y)B(yng)ģʽĬF(xin)c˼JݣЇߵt(y)W,2002(1):2831
2݄ԷӑՓʽ̌WՓ͌`JݣA(̌W̽),2007(Z2):4041
3ݴt,,,ȣAt(y)W̌WĸB(yng)WЄ(chung)JݣЇߵt(y)W,2007(1):9596
4콡ƽ,ϼӿt(y)W̌WĸĽhJݣt(y)WԺW,2008,14(4):484,486
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ5
һӋϢ
ӋϢ:njӋϢYԴӋCgcW(wng)jϢgI(y)İl(f)չ(jng)IԼ(jng)\еȸṩЧϢI(y)ӋcϢgYϵĮa(chn)I(y)F(xin)Ϣl(f)չҪMɲ
҇I(y)ӋϢİl(f)չF(xin)Լ}
(һ)l(f)չF(xin)
SϢgcӋCgĿٰl(f)չcV\҇I(y)ӋϢҲõˏV\cƏVڌHl(f)չ^ڸصӰӋϢ҇I(y)аl(f)չٶȾMչ@ͬrڇI(y)ϢܛĉŔОAεĕӋϢϵy(tng)҇I(y)δõVƏVAεϢϵy(tng)\ЧȱЧԡӋ(jng)Ӱ҇I(y)ӋϢO̎ڳAϢϵy(tng)ϢcW(wng)ðl(f)]кľ
()چ}
1ӋϢȱJ֪
Ŀǰ҇SI(y)ӋϢJ֪ȫӋ㻯cӋϢһՄI(y)ڕӋϢĽO^F(xin)ӲOȱϢܛ\c_l(f)Јl(f)(jng)ٰl(f)չıеI(y)ѽ(jng)RӋϢȻɞI(y)Ϣcl(f)չҪeOOӋϢϵy(tng)I(y)ĹcؔPTӋϢ\δֵܳգ\^ϵy(tng)Чδܵõְl(f)]
2ȱϢg˲
҇Փp`Ľ̌Wʽ҇ӋˆTϢgćȱʧͬrȱؔϢYԴMҎ(gu)ϵķڹ^I(y)ȱӋˆTľCӖʹϢϵy(tng)ȱSoڰȫ[;Ϣ̶^ȱӋϢϢYԴò
3ӋϢȫȱЧ
ӋCgF(xin)Ϣgcy(tng)Ӌ`YӋϢ_cԵc˴İȫ[I(y)ĕӋϢױːй¶ȡ;ӋϢĂݔc惦y䰲ȫ挍ɿ@ЩoɕI(y)l(f)չɇصӰ푡
4ȱƵĹϵy(tng)
SI(y)ڽӋϢǞMкy(tng)һҎ(gu)I(y)ĕӋϢϵy(tng)cI(y)ϵy(tng)ķxI(y)ϢȱЧP(lin)ԣܼr˽cĶI(y)ěQcMһl(f)չͬrϢϵy(tng)ķxI(y)ӋϢϵy(tng)cI(y)a(chn)NMЧB(sh)(j)ϢòrđڹĶKI(y)ϢMһl(f)չ
(yu)ӋϢOP
(һ)J֪ӋϢ
ڮǰĕrӋϢrI(y)l(f)չęC(zhn)I(y)(ni)oՓI(y)߀ǕӋҪߌӋϢJ֪ӋϢM협l(f)չڅcЈl(f)չҪĶI(y)ĕӋϢˮƽI(y)ҪJRӋϢI(y)ϢƄӏI(y)IcؔչߵָM䌦QJϢJ֪MI(y)ĕӋϢOI(y)ӋˆTؔղTҪMɲI(y)QߵҪӰI(y)ĕӋҪӋϢMȫ˽Mõąf(xi){(dio)ϕӋϢMI(y)ӋϢOƄI(y)ϢMI(y)Ľ(jng)Ocl(f)չ
()˲B(yng)
I(y)ӋȥҲ(jng)l(f)չҪQI(y)ҪӏӋ˲ŵB(yng)ӏՓӖӋˆTČI(y)Փ֪RcI(y)ܣĶ䌣I(y)Cͬrӏ˼ν_չ˼cv䌍Ӌߵ˼RĶӋߵľC|(zh)γõI(y)|(zh)cB(yng)_ӋMcӋϢİȫ挍ɿҷ棬ҪӴĸӏͶYӋI(y)nOMк{(dio);ӏЈ{(dio)У탞(yu)̌WĿčW(ni)ͬrӏУƏVWṩČHƽ_B(yng)WČHĶB(yng)һҪI(y)c(jng)l(f)չďͺ͕ӋI(y)˲š
()Ϣȫ
ӋϢȫI(y)l(f)չPIˣI(y)ҪӏӋϢϵy(tng)аȫoϵy(tng)ĽÌƹ_ϢʹߵϢʹðȫ;Ϣ_ӋϢȫ;I(y)ĕӋϢMмr̎ڙzƣֹӋC©ΣPTҪӏPɷҎ(gu)ƶcƹͨ^ɁsӋϢ`ОĶЧؾSoI(y)ӋϢĺϷ档
()ƕӋϢϵy(tng)
ƵI(y)ӋϢϵy(tng)ƄI(y)ӋϢO;njF(xin)I(y)ϢҪAI(y)Ҫ(j)|(zh)Լ(jng)Iģʽ(jng)l(f)չrČI(y)(ni)ĸTI(y)Mз_TĹ؟c(jng)؟ΣI(y)ϢYMҎ(gu)ЧĕӋϢϵy(tng)ĶʹϢȫ滯I(y)ěQṩȫ桢挍ɿϢ(sh)(j)ĶMI(y)Mһl(f)չ
YZ
CӋϢǕrl(f)չıȻڅI(y)l(f)չıȻxӋϢI(y)ϢAҪxˣI(y)Ҫ_JRϢă(ni)ӏӋ˲ŵB(yng)ӏӋϢİȫƵĕӋϢϵy(tng)ĶȫČI(y)ӋϢMзϣI(y)Qṩ挍ЧĔ(sh)(j)ϢĶƄI(y)Mһl(f)չ
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ6
ժ Ҫ
СW(sh)W̲SΨx^cqC(ni)|(zh) ҪСW(sh)Wͨ^W(sh)W|(zh)MWw|(zh)ڽ̌WнYόWcͽ̌W(ni)ҪWĻA֪RͻܣҪWͨ^(sh)WWʹ|(zh)ƺ
PI~
|(zh)
СW(sh)W̌W|(zh)OҪλ|(zh)ҪСW(sh)Wͨ^W(sh)W|(zh)MWw|(zh)ߡJ@PIý̲āB(yng)WĔ(sh)W|(zh)СW(sh)W̌Wl(f)]WƟoġҾСW(sh)W̌WՄՄԼĿ
һСW(sh)WĽ
СW(sh)W̲SΨx^cqC(ni).SнxՓ֪R͔(sh)W}猍`һ^cWͨ^(sh)WWuI^c֮һ猦y(tng)һ^c.СW(sh)WеĴcСccoޡcȶnjy(tng)һ^cľwwF(xin)cСcmȻnj.@ǽy(tng)һ(sh)W֪Rͬ^һ(lin)ϵáM@ʹٳ˔(sh)W֪R\׃ l(f)չ.֔(sh)ߵĻЅ^(q)e(lin)ϵ(sh)W@N(lin)ϵеõ˰l(f)չɺεsɲȫȫƼİl(f)չ.֪Rĸ¼ӿoµ(zhn)B(yng)W˼Sl(f)չɞ F(xin)̌Wһ헻΄ĺ˼S(sh)Wи߶ȵijԺ͇ܵ߉SДMɵĴ_wϵ@ЩДɔ(sh)WgZ߉g䴁߉.һЩДγµД(sh)WNS˼SB(yng)
(sh)WĽwF(xin)ڶN.ڽ̌WнYόWcͽ̌W(ni)ݣҪWA֪RͻҪWͨ^(sh)WWʹ|(zh)ƺߡ
|(zh)Čʩ
СW(sh)W̌Wʩ|(zh)ҪwF(xin)棺
1B(yng)WĔ(sh)WR
B(yng)WĔ(sh)WRǡؽQĆ}.F(xin)ڵČWȱ@NRҪF(xin)cÓ(ji)ڌWR֪RPڽ.]Д(sh)WHr෴.^ǂ(sh)WH˔(sh)W߀ǔ(sh)WĚw҂ĺ߀ܰĿ쵽@c҂ĽкܴPϵĕĽ̌WՏһһӂcе.ˡǧˡsһз۹PһƿϵĴ
ԭ?ȱٌČH.µ͟oȥ@ȡ@NܣĿ֪hȫڽϲڴSʵ
2עB(yng)
B(yng)˼SСW(sh)W̌W͌Wһ헻΄СWAB(yng)ʽ߉˼SķC^ԼДࡢ.WЗlи(j)˼};@ЩcB(yng)˼SƷ|(zh)ܲɷl(f)չB(yng)˼SƷ|(zh)ǰl(f)չB(yng)˼SҪ;оW˼S^B(yng)W˼SҪǰW@ȡ֪R˼S^һҪ(jng)^֪얹ĂAи֪֪RҪA.oWṩSĸԲȞҪ3ҕ l(f)չ
ڽ̌WкҕB(yng)Ͱl(f)չ؟oڌW֪Rl(f)չ WJ飺صĻcصĻǽy(tng)һڌWеW^dȤ־ԸʼKl(f)]ã{(dio)ӷЧĴM֪RČW
֪Roע
Sg֪RˮƽLW֪Ru֪Ra(chn)ֱdȤf֪Rìܣ֪R_ԵȵȶWğoעЕr(ni)ݵnrr҂Wһ(sh)ĎױǶٵđ}һcf֪RPȫf֪R֟oQĆ}n@ЩWoעЧ
ġmrʾWdȤ
SW֪Rӣ醚vSoעup@Ӿͱmrؽʾ֪Rԣ(lin)ϵa(chn)HW֪RĶʹW_WԣB(yng)WҪҪ͕ЌWdȤЌWֻʹWעϲ֪RD(zhun)xB(yng)WČWdȤB(yng)ͼl(f)WdȤOWoעĚwǟoעA
(sh)W֪RWǘֱl(f)WdȤ(chung)T˵ČW
Ԣ䐂֮xӂ?ni)ϵİpčWЁڽ̌WЌWгԽ̎Оԭ.̎v΄Ճ(ni)ݕrܻԼJRur͑B(ti)@NɫʕrڸȾW F(xin)Wʮ֏{(dio)gл.Ҫ{(dio)ӌWĘWwcReO.ҪƽѺCĎPϵ͌WՇ.{(dio)ꃺͯČWeOԺ׃ҪҌW顰ҪWҕWĸϴM̌WЧ͌W|(zh).ʹWصȵذl(f)].Ҳʹͬrõl(f)չWȌW֪Rұ.Ȱl(f)չ֫@˟oMĘȤ.к־ͬrõB(yng)ͼӏĵԽl(f)չ
ԿƮI(y)Փ ƪ7
һСI(y)ӋϢF(xin)
1IJR㣬δƶӋϢl(f)չҎ(gu)
ܶСI(y)I]ЌϢoҕϢM̾СI(y)I܂y(tng)˼SӰδRӋϢԞy(tng)Ӌܴă(yu)HӋϢI(y)Ĺ^еPϵ܉?q)I(y)a(chn)ͽ(jng)IeOӰСI(y)ڌI(y)Ϣg]Ͷ̫]Ѓĸ|(zh)ĕӋI(y)˲ôӋϢʩ͕кܶyҺܶI(y)δӋҪԼ{I(y)l(f)չҎ(gu)֮Ҳ]ƶӋϢλҎ(gu)̺Ҏ(gu)Ԍʩ͕ںܶϵK
2ӋϢͺ˲ŅT
СI(y)˹(ji)sɱƸĕӋˆT߂ӋϢʹڹиN}ٳʹI(y)J鱾I(y)ʩӋϢ߀bhܶ㻯ˆTԭĕӋ{Ƚ(jng)^ڵӖMЕӋϢ~̎^ֻʹؔܛִֹӋCIJ;SoϤһF(xin)F(xin)͟oQ
3ӋϢOɱ^ߣھSoɱ_
СI(y)ڌʩI(y)ӋϢrՓُIͨƷӋܛ߀Ƕc_l(f)ʽҪܛӲͶһؔ佛(jng)Чsܵò@ʾI(y)xؔܛr׳F(xin)ɷNr:һNrُIrrδ]ܛ£ܝM㌢ӹܵҪ;һNrǓȱI(y)ӋϢđ˽xؔܛrȫُܛmI(y)a(chn)ُIMқ]ЌTSoˆTڌʩ^هؔܛ˾ʹÕӋϢļgSoɱ^
4δܳúÕӋϢ`M
СI(y)ʩӋϢĿ֮һǜppӋˆTߕӋЧܶI(y)]нĕӋϢϵy(tng)ʹÕӋϢܼrЧ؞I(y)QI(y)ҪF(xin)ϢҪؔϢ͘I(y)ϢһwؔܛһЃɷNһNMЕӋ㹦ܣһNnjؔՔ(sh)(j)ĹؔܛHVؔˆTṩ˱ݵӛ~ҲʹI(y)(zh)Ҏ(gu)Ĺ͘˜ڔ(sh)(j)ļrܶСI(y)ʩӋϢֻDzִֹy(tng)~]гְl(f)]ُIܛĕӋ]ЌF(xin)ؔcI(y)һwϢ{(dio)@ʾs50%СI(y)ֻ˿~ϵy(tng)30%I(y)˹Y̶Ya(chn)ϵy(tng)ُNϵy(tng)I(y)ռ
5(sh)(j)ȫԲ
СI(y)һ㌍ʩӋϢĕrgڕӋϢnȱ(jng)ܕɴ惦ӋnűP͕ӋYδܼrwnߚwn(ni)ݲI(y)]ЌTĕӋϢnˆTͿܳF(xin)ӋnƉpĺйܵȿԣʹӋ(sh)(j)惦|(zh)ĂݺҎ(gu)ӋϢİȫԾͺyCͬrNܕӋCa(chn)ϵy(tng)PI(sh)(j)GʧȲˣӋCϵy(tng)F(xin)ϢйȡܕoI(y)ēpʧĿǰ҇СI(y)ӋϢĽO߀ȱİȫʩ
ڕӋϢIa(chn)ںϵĿ
1I(y)l(f)չҵĴ֧
I(y)ԺУͨ^ĸJRI(y)I(y)ԺУҪԣڽ̌W(ni)ݵȷԽԽӽI(y)H^ƵČ?q)ӖOnώõՓ֪R͌`Ҹ߶ҕI(y)ѽ(jng)Ѱl(f)չI(y)߇ܵĻAl֮һĄСI(y)MI(y)l(f)չ20146µ̕hϣҶTѽ(jng)_֧֬F(xin)I(y)ٰl(f)չMF(xin)I(y)wϵF(xin)I(y)B(yng)ĸ|(zh)ڄߺͼ˲
2I(y)ԺУӋϢ̎߂һđˮƽ
I(y)ԺУһ㶼ُI˳Ҋؔܛй̶ĕӋϢӖڕӋϢnώLڈ(zh)ԓWIՓ͌`ܷһă(yu)ݣҽȫI(y)ԺУِܴӋِشM˕ӋϢYĽ̌Wˮƽ܉ṩһĕӋϢՓ֪R͌`СI(y)ؔˆTϢˮƽ
3СI(y)ʩa(chn)ںϵijɱ^
I(y)ɞͽǨW(ni)ҪcI(y)Hλ܉I(y)I(y)ԺУкܶûAҪ^߳ɱֻҪھwλ`µČ`CṩoԺУԺУͨ^ĸ˲B(yng)|(zh)ȼI(y)ԺУ(sh)࣬ܶ^УԸҪЙCI(y)_չ挍`呟һfСI(y)^ҵԺУ_չ
4I(y)Ķ
СI(y)YԴȱˆTԴcI(y)ԺУ_չӆB(yng)ʹÌWվЌHλ(jng)vI(y)Ӌλ˲ŵă䡣P߽(jng)cڳеСI(y)ӋϢˆTMМ֪ͨܶСI(y)IӋϢҕJI(y)ԺУЕӋϢ(yu)Ը^ca(chn)ںϣº]^_չ
a(chn)ںϵľwԽh
1cPԺУMк{(dio)кͷ
քe(lin)ϵPԺУ{(dio)ͨ˽˴˵ԸpܷQI(y)ĕӋϢ˲ȱ͑ˮƽ͵ӄݣܷԺУߕӋλ`
2xܛُIԇ\pͬcӖ
(jng)^I(y)ؔˆTcԺУӋώĹͬӑϵy(tng)xmϱI(y)F(xin)Aλ߽ڰl(f)չؔܛؔܛTMϵy(tng)ӖI(y)ˆTԺУӋϢ̎ȫ̅cջܛbcSoҪԺУӋϢ̎ϵy(tng)ԓؔܛİb\оSoM܅f(xi)I(y)cI(y)ͨuʹؔպϵy(tng)I(y)M쌍F(xin)ؔI(y)һwI(y)ؔϢˮƽ
3I(y)ӋˆTeO֧ԺУ̌W(yu)WЙCֱMI(y)ؔՍλ
ͨ^ʹI(y)ӋˆTcԺУӋI(y)˲B(yng)ӆn̘˜ƶmcnՓ?q)`̌Wȷʽ_ԺУ˲B(yng)|(zh)ұMṩ`CЙCI(y)õ呟˲ŃṩA
4ƶCЧ\
AԭtMI(y)ӋϢcSoˮƽԺУӋλ`УpҪЧijB(ti)CϺĿɳm(x)ԡI(y)ӋϢİl(f)չҪueҪCLrg\
ġYՓ
СI(y)ڕӋϢl(f)չдڵһЩ}ȡa(chn)ںϵķ܉ЧQI(y)ӋϢʩдڵIJֆ}ܼӏI(y)ĕӋϢԼˮƽĶF(xin)I(y)øl(f)չͬrҲMI(y)l(f)չҵĸ˲B(yng)ؕI
ԿƮI(y)ՓġP£
ԿƵbx5ƪ06-10
úVƮI(y)Փ02-27
ƮI(y)Փx02-26
ԿƮI(y)b04-14
ƮI(y)Փ}Ŀ05-15
ƮI(y)Փx~02-08
ԿҪI(y)ՓĆWԿӋI(y)ՓČ09-28
I(y)Փx03-23
ؔƮI(y)Փķ08-24