關于四級翻譯的練習題
四級翻譯（8.28）
1._______________(證據肯定早已被破壞了) completely before the police arrived.
2.Such practice of ________________(考試前熬夜學習)will not necessarily work for every student.
3.George arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只為了給老板留下好印象).
4.The resolution that ___________(他調到總部)was approved by General Manager.
5.He didn't like this job _____________(盡管條件比之前的好).
答案解析:
1.The evidence must have already been destroyed
考查被動語態(tài):“證據”是“被破壞”，需要用被動語態(tài)。情態(tài)動詞:must表示肯定的推測，且“證據被破壞”先于the police arrived發(fā)生，所以用情態(tài)動詞的完成時�！白C據”的表達為evidence。
2.staying up studying before an examination
“熬夜”的表達為stay up,“熬夜學習”就是stay up studying�？疾閯用~用法:空前出現的of是介詞，跟在其后的動詞詞組“熬夜學習”要變成動名詞的形式，修飾名詞practice。
3.only to make a good impression on his/the boss
“給…留下印象”譯作make an impression on…�！坝∠蟆敝暗男揎椪Zgood在翻譯時不能遺漏�？疾槟康臓钫Z:“只為了”的表達為only to，其結構為only to do sth.表示目的。
4.he (should)be transferred to headquarter
考查虛擬語氣:某些表示建議，請求，命令，主張以及“重要性”，“緊迫性”等概念的名詞充當主語時，其后的同位語從句需要用虛擬語氣。具體結構為（should）+動詞原形。這樣的名詞有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等�！罢{任”表達為transfer;“總部”表達為headquarter�？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài):他是“被調任”，需要用被動語態(tài)。
5.though the condition was better than the previous one
考查讓步狀語從句:在句子中所以用though�？疾楸容^級:“比…好” 用be better than。考查one的用法:句子前面已經提到了job,為了避免重復，用one代替。
四級翻譯（8.27）
1._____________________(盡管他已筋疲力盡)，he still kept on running.
2.Many people believe that international tourism _________________________(對經濟發(fā)展有積極作用).so local government should be encouraged to promote it.
3.On my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好運).
4.Due to the unexpected changes,______________(這個計劃需要修改).
5.________________(遇難者能否在災難中生還)depends on many uncertain factors.
答案解析:
1.Although/Though he was exhausted
考查讓步狀語從句:用Although或Though表示“雖然，盡管”的意思�！敖钇ＡΡM”的表達為be exhausted。
2.plays an active role in economic growth/development // has positive effects on economic growth/development
“有作用”的表達常用play a role或have an effect on 結構�！胺e極的”常用active和positive，“發(fā)展”可用growth或development。
3.what he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck
考查主語從句:用what引導主語從句。主語的表達:可用不定式或動名詞作表語�！白：眠\”表達為wish sb good luck.
4.this plan has to be revised/modified
考查被動語態(tài):“計劃”與“修改”是被動關系，用be done的被動結構。修改”的常用表達為revise或modify。
5.Whether the victims can survive the disaster
考查主語從句:所需翻譯的句子為該句的主語，“能否…”提示從句用Whether引導，注意在主語從句中只能用whether，不能用if。表示“存活，活下來，幸免于難”，用survive，后直接跟賓語，注意此處不能加介詞from。只有在表示習慣，習俗，禮儀等沿襲時才用survive from。
四級翻譯（8.26）
1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他們有學士學位).
2._____________________(與你對公司的貢獻相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.
3.Some experts recommend that______________(不應太強調語法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.
4.After supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有時長達一小時).
5.With a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不該出席昨晚的閉幕式).
答案解析:
1.even if/though they get Bachelor's degree
考查even if/though 引導的'讓步狀語從句。學士學位的固定表達:Bachelor's degree。
2.Compared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company
與…相比，可以翻譯為 Compared with或In comparison wih,對…的貢獻譯作contribution to。
3.importance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much
recommend表建議，其后面的賓語從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式為(should)+動詞原形。“強調…的重要性”表達為attach importance to。“語法”是強調的動作承受者，需要用被動結構。
4.sometimes for as long as an hour
�。〞r間上）“長達”,用as long as 結構。表示時間段用介詞for。
5.shouldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night
情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞結構表示對過去情況的猜測。待譯部分隱含“不該做但已經做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 過去分詞表示。閉幕式用the closing ceremony表達；出席:attend。
四級翻譯（8.25）
1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(幫助她女兒康復).
2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原計劃實施這項工程).
3.Last week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮繞著地球轉).
4._____________________(每次他錯過火車),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.
5.She realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在歷盡艱辛之后).
答案解析:
1.helping her daughter(to) recover.
"專心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞，后面要跟名詞性成分，故用名詞或動名詞。“康復”的表達為recover(from)。"幫助某人做某事"的表達為help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。
2.to implement this project as planned
名詞性從句在表達客觀規(guī)律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態(tài)保持一致�！皩嵤钡谋磉_為implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定計劃"的表達是as planned.
3.the moon revolves the earth
名詞性從句在表達客觀規(guī)律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態(tài)保持一致。旋轉的表達為revolve。自然界獨一無二事物的名詞前面用定冠詞修飾，如the earth,the moon。
4.Every time he missed the train
一些表示時間的名詞詞組，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用來引導時間狀語從句。錯過的表達為miss。從句的動作先于主句，主句用了過去將來時，故從句用一般過去時。
5.after she went through many hardships
after引導的時間狀語從句。歷盡艱辛，用go through many hardships表達；也可以用endure many hardships。
四級翻譯（8.24）
1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).
2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).
3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).
4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.
5. ____________ (據報道將實施新規(guī)定)by 2012.
答案解析:
1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.
"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態(tài)為一般現在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數形式，即is. 以失敗告終的表達為end in failure.
2.the wound would have been cured/healed
if…h(huán)ad done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態(tài)用過去完成時，主句應使用would have done的結構, "治愈"的表達為cure或者heal
考查被動語態(tài): "傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結構。
3.preferred classical music to popular songs
表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現，還可以用固定搭配，如prefer…to…，be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。
4.has accounted for two fifths of the total
"占"的表達為account for。"五分之 二"是分數,分子在前用基數詞,分母在后用序數詞.分子超過1時,分母要用 復數形式。
5.It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced
主語"規(guī)定"是動作"實施"的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。 表示將來某一時間以前已經完成的動作時需用將來完成時態(tài)。當主語不明或不特別強調時，用it is reported(據報道), it is said(據說)等,后接不定式或從句。此題當中"實施新規(guī)定"是從句，故用It is reported (that)句型。
四級翻譯（8.21）
1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).
2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).
3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).
4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.
5. ____________ (據報道將實施新規(guī)定)by 2012.
答案與解析：
1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.
"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態(tài)為一般現在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數形式，即is.以失敗告終的表達為end in failure.
2.the wound would have been cured/healed
if…h(huán)ad done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態(tài)用過去完成時，主句應使用would have done的結構。"治愈"的表達為cure或者heal"傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結構。
3.preferred classical music to popular songs
表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現，還可以用固定搭配，如prefer…to…，be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。
4.has accounted for two fifths of the total
"占"的表達為account for。"五分之 二"是分數,分子在前用基數詞,分母在后用序數詞.分子超過1時,分母要用 復數形式。
5.It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced
主語"規(guī)定"是動作"實施"的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。表示將來某一時間以前已經完成的動作時需用將來完成時態(tài)。當主語不明或不特別強調時，用it is reported(據報道), it is said(據說)等,后接不定式或從句。此題當中"實施新規(guī)定"是從句，故用It is reported (that)句型。
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